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Heart Disease Link to Fetal Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress

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Advances in Fetal and Neonatal Physiology

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 814))

Abstract

The quality of the intrauterine environment interacts with our genetic makeup to shape the risk of developing disease in later life. Fetal chronic hypoxia is a common complication of pregnancy. This chapter reviews how fetal chronic hypoxia programmes cardiac and endothelial dysfunction in the offspring in adult life and discusses the mechanisms via which this may occur. Using an integrative approach in large and small animal models at the in vivo, isolated organ, cellular and molecular levels, our programmes of work have raised the hypothesis that oxidative stress in the fetal heart and vasculature underlies the mechanism via which prenatal hypoxia programmes cardiovascular dysfunction in later life. Developmental hypoxia independent of changes in maternal nutrition promotes fetal growth restriction and induces changes in the cardiovascular, metabolic and endocrine systems of the adult offspring, which are normally associated with disease states during ageing. Treatment with antioxidants of animal pregnancies complicated with reduced oxygen delivery to the fetus prevents the alterations in fetal growth, and the cardiovascular, metabolic and endocrine dysfunction in the fetal and adult offspring. The work reviewed offers both insight into mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets for clinical intervention against the early origin of cardiometabolic disease in pregnancy complicated by fetal chronic hypoxia.

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Acknowledgements

Dino Giussani is Professor of Cardiovascular Physiology & Medicine at the Department of Physiology Development & Neuroscience at the University of Cambridge, Professorial Fellow and Director of Studies in Medicine at Gonville & Caius College, a Lister Institute Fellow and a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award Holder. He is supported by the British Heart Foundation, The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council and the Isaac Newton Trust.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Dino A. Giussani, Youguo Niu, Emily J. Camm, Avnesh S. Thakor, Andrew D. Kane, Jeremy A. Hansell, Kirsty L. Brain, Katie L. Skeffington, Nozomi Itani, F. B. Peter Wooding, Christine M. Cross & Beth J. Allison

  2. Laboratorio de Función y Reactividad Vascular, Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Emilio A. Herrera

  3. Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile

    Hans G. Richter

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  1. Dino A. Giussani
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  2. Youguo Niu
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  3. Emilio A. Herrera
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  14. Beth J. Allison
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Correspondence to Dino A. Giussani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA

    Lubo Zhang

  2. Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA

    Charles A. Ducsay

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Giussani, D.A. et al. (2014). Heart Disease Link to Fetal Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress. In: Zhang, L., Ducsay, C. (eds) Advances in Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 814. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1031-1_7

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