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Solid Electrolytes for Aqueous Lithium Air Batteries

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The Lithium Air Battery

Abstract

An aqueous lithium air rechargeable battery has a calculated specific energy of 1,910 Wh kg−1, which is an about half to that of a nonaqueous lithium air battery, because water is involved in the electrode reaction. However, the aqueous system has advantage over the nonaqueous system such as the discharge products are soluble in aqueous electrolyte and oxygen diffusion in the electrolyte is much faster than in the nonaqueous electrolyte. Therefore, we could expect to develop a high power density lithium air battery with a high specific energy density. The key component of aqueous lithium air batteries is the water stable lithium ion conducting solid electrolyte, due to the severe reaction of lithium metal with water. In this chapter, two types of lithium ion conducting solid electrolytes of NASICON-type Li1+x Al x Ti2−x (PO4)3 (LATP) and garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZ) were introduced. The electrical conductivities of LATP and LLZ are in the order of 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature. The electrode performance of the water stable lithium electrode Li/PEO18Li(CF3SO2)2N/LATP in aqueous solution was discussed. As LATP is unstable in contact with lithium metal, polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based lithium conducting polymer electrolyte was used as an interlayer between lithium and LATP, where the polymer electrolyte is stable with lithium, but soluble in water. And a lithium dendrite formation at the lithium/polymer electrolyte interface and the cyclic performance of lithium deposition and stripping in the Li/polymer electrolyte/Li cell were discussed. The cell with PEO18Li(CF3SO2)2N and ionic liquid composite polymer electrolyte interface showed no short-circuit by lithium dendrite formation at 0.3 mA cm−2 for 30 h polarization and 60 °C for 30 cycles.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Mie University, Tsu, Japan

    Nobuyuki Imanishi

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  1. Nobuyuki Imanishi
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Correspondence to Nobuyuki Imanishi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineeri, Mie University, Tsu, Japan

    Nobuyuki Imanishi

  2. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and, Menlo Park, California, USA

    Alan C. Luntz

  3. School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom

    Peter Bruce

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Imanishi, N. (2014). Solid Electrolytes for Aqueous Lithium Air Batteries. In: Imanishi, N., Luntz, A., Bruce, P. (eds) The Lithium Air Battery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8062-5_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8062-5_8

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-8061-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-8062-5

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