Abstract
In 1966, Bruce Wallace, a young but distinguished member of the Cornell University Faculty, accepted me as a graduate student in genetics. Under the direction of Bruce and his colleagues, particularly Ross Maclntyre, I studied the principles, theory, and applications of population genetics, the behavior of genes, and genomic diversity. But I also learned important lessons from Bruce about the value of science and scientific investigation.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
Angier, N., 1992, Cheetahs appear vigorous despite inbreeding. New York Times Nov 10, p. C1.
Black, F., 1992, Why did they die? Science 258:1739–1740.
Bonnell, M. L., and Selander, R. K., 1974, Elephant seals: Genetic variation and near extinction, Science 134:908–909.
Brown, E. W., Olmsted, R. A., Martenson, J. S., and O’Brien, S. J., 1993, Exposure to FIV and FIPV in wild and captive cheetahs, Zoo Biol. 12:135–142.
Caro, T. M., and Laurenson, M. K., 1994, Ecological and genetic factors in conservation: A cautionary tale, Science 263:485–486.
Caughley, G. 1994, Directions in conservation biology, J. Anim. Ecol 63:215–244.
Dean, M., Carrington, M., Winkler, C., Huttley, G. A., Smith, M. W., Allikmets, R., Goedert, J. J., Buchbinder, S. P., Vittinghoff, E., Gomperts, E., Donfield, S., Vlahov, D., Kaslow, R., Saah, A., Rinaldo, C., Detels, R., HGDS, MACS, MHCS, SF City Cohort, ALIVE Study, and O’Brien, S. J., 1996, Genetic restriction of HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS by a deletion allele of the CKR5 structural gene, Science 273:1956–1862.
Falconer, D. S. (ed.), 1981, Introduction to Quantitative Genetics, 2nd ed., Longman, New York.
Geyer, C. J., Ryder, O. A., Chemnick, L. G., and Thompson, E. A., 1993, Analysis of relatedness in the California condors from DNA fingerprints, Mol. Biol. Evol 10:571–589.
Green, E. L. (ed.). 1968, Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, 2nd ed., Dover, New York.
Heeney, J. L., Evermann, J. F., McKeiran, A. J., Marker-Kraus, L., Roelke, M. E., Bush, M., Wildt, D. E., Meltzer, D. G., Colly, L., Lucas, J., Manton, V. J., Caro, T., and O’Brien, S. J., 1990, Prevalence and implications of feline Coronavirus infections of captive and free-ranging cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), J. Virol. 64:1964–1972.
Hoelzel, A. R., Halley, J., O’Brien, S. J., Campagna, C., Arnbom, T., Le Boeuf, B., Rails, K., and Dover, G. A., 1993, Elephant seal genetic variation and the use of simulation models to investigate historical population bottlenecks, J. Hered. 84:443–449.
Howard, J. G., Brown, J. L., Bush, M., and Wildt, D. E., 1990, Teratospermic and normospermic domestic cats: Ejaculate traits, pituitary-gonadal hormones and improvement of spermatozoal motility and morphology after swim-up process, J. Androl 11: 204–215.
Howard, J. G., Donoghue, A. M., Johnston, L. A., and Wildt, D. E., 1993, Zona pellucida filtration of structurally abnormal spermatozoa and reduced fertilization in teratospermic cats, Biol. Reprod. 49:131–139.
Lande, R., 1988, Genetics and demography in biological conservation, Science 241:1455–1460.
Laurenson, M. K., 1994, High juvenile mortality in cheetahs and its consequence for maternal case, J. Zool. 234:384–408.
Laurenson, M. K., and Caro, T. M., 1994, Monitoring the effects of non-trivial handling in free-living cheetahs, Anim. Behav. 47:547–557.
Laurenson, M. K., Caro, T. M., Gros, P., and Wielebnowski, N., 1995a, Controversial cheetahs? Nature 377:392.
Laurenson, M. K., Wielebnowski, N., and Caro, T. M., 1995b, Extrinsic factors and juvenile mortality in cheetahs, Conserv. Biol. 9:1329–1331.
Le Boeuf, B. J., and Bonneil, M., 1980, Pinnipeds on the California islands: Abundance and distribution, in: Proceedings of a Multidisplinary Symposium (D. Power, ed.), pp. 475–493, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA.
Lewin, R., 1996, A strategy for survival? New Scientist Feb 17, 14–15.
Lindburg, D., 1993, Preservation instincts, Newsweek May 3, 11.
Lindburg, D. G., Durrant, B. S., Millard, S. E., and Oosterhuis, J. E., 1993, Fertility assessment of cheetah males with poor quality semen, Zoo Biol. 12:97–104.
Marker, L., and O’Brien, S. J., 1989, Captive breeding of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) in North American zoos (1871–1985), Zoo Biol. 8:3–16.
Marker-Kraus, L., 1992, International Cheetah Studbook, Smithsonian Institution, National Zoo, NOAHS Center, Washington, DC.
Marker-Kraus, L., and Grisham, J., 1993. Captive breeding of cheetahs in North American zoos: 1987–1991, Zoo Biol. 12:5–18.
Marker-Kraus, L., and Kraus, D., 1993, The history of cheetahs in Namibia, SWARA Sept.-Oct., 8–12.
May, R., 1995, The cheetah controversy, Nature 374:309–310.
Menotti-Raymond, M., and O’Brien, S. J., 1993, Dating the genetic bottieneck of the African cheetah, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:3172–3176.
Menotti-Raymond, M., and O’Brien, S. J., 1995, Evolutionary conservaton of ten microsatellite loci in four species of Felidae, J. Hered. 86:319–322.
Merola, M., 1994, A reassessment of homozygosity and the case for inbreeding depression in the cheetah, Acionoyx jubatus: Implications for conservation, Conserv. Biol. 8:961–971.
Miller-Edge, M., and Worley, M., 1991, In vitro mitogen responses and lymphocyte subpopulations in cheetahs, Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 28:337–349.
Miller-Edge, M. A., and Worley, M. B., 1992, In vitro responses of cheetah mononuclear cells to feline herpesvirus-1 and Cryptococcus neoformans, Vet. Immunol, Immunopathol. 30:261–274.
Morsbach, D., 1987, Cheetahs in Namibia, Cat News 6:25–26.
Myers, N., 1986, Conservation of Africa’s cats: Problems and opportunities, in: Cats of the World: Biology Conservation and Management (S. D. Miller and D. D. Everett, eds.), National Wildlife Federation, Washington, DC.
O’Brien, S. J., 1994a, A role for molecular genetics in biological conservation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:5748–5755.
O’Brien, S. J., 19946, Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of endangered species. Annu. Rev. Genet. 28:467–489.
O’Brien, S. J., 1994c, The cheetah’s conservation controversy, Conserv, Biol. 8:1153–1155.
O’Brien, S. J., and Evermann, J. F., 1988, Interactive influence of infectious disease and genetic diversity in natural populations, Trends Ecol. Evol. 3:254–259.
O’Brien, S. J., and Knight, J. A., 1987, The future of the giant panda, Nature 325:758–759.
O’Brien, S. J., Wildt, D. E., Goldman, D., Merril, C. R., and Bush, M., 1983, The cheetah is depauperate in genetic variation, Science 221:459–462.
O’Brien, S. J., Roelke, M. E., Marker, L., Newman, A., Winkler, C. A., Meltzer, D., Colly, L., Evermann, J. F., Bush, M., and Wildt, D. E., 1985, Genetic basis for species vulnerability in the cheetah, Science 227:1428–1434.
O’Brien, S. J., Wildt, D. E., and Bush, M., 1986, The cheetah in genetic peril, Sci. Am. 254:84–92.
O’Brien, S. J., Wildt, D. E., Bush, M., Caro, T. M., FitzGibbon, C., Aggundey, I., and Leakey, R. E., 1987, East African cheetahs: Evidence for two population bottlenecks? Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 84:508–511.
O’Brien, S. J., Martenson, J. S., Miththapala, S., Janczewski, D. N., Pecon Slattery, J., Johnson, W. E., Gilbert, D. A., Packer, C., Roelke, M. E., Bush, M., and Wildt, D., 1996, Conservation genetics of the Felidae, in: Conservation Genetics of Rare and Endangered Species (J. C. Avise and J. Hamrick, eds.), pp. 50–74 Chapman and Hall, New York.
Pennisi, E., 1993, Cheetah countdown, Sci. News 144:200–201.
Roelke, M. E., Martenson, J. S., and O’Brien, S. J., 1993, The consequences of demographic reduction and genetic depletion in the endangered Florida panther, Curr. Biol. 3:340–350.
Sanjayan, M. A., and Crooks, K., 1996, Skin grafts and the cheetah controversy, Nature 381:566.
Seal, U. S., Thorne, E. T., Bogan, M. A., and Anderson, S. H., 1989, Conservation Biology and the Black-Footed Ferret, Yale University Press, New Haven.
Sorensen, T. I. A., Nielsen, G. G., Andersen, K., and Teasdale, T. W., 1988, Genetic and environmental influences on premature death in adult adoptees, N. Engl. J. Med. 318:727–732.
Wallace, B., 1970, Genetic Load: Its Biological and Conceptual Aspects. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Wayne, R. K., Modi, W. S., and O’Brien, S. J., 1986, Morphological variability in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), a genetically uniform species, Evolution 40:78–85.
Wildt, D. E., 1994, Endangered Species Spermatozoa: Diversity, Research and Conservation in: Function of Somatic Cells in the Testes (A. Bartke, ed), pp 1–24 Springer-Verlag, New York.
Wildt, D. E., Bush, M., Howard, J. G., O’Brien, S. J., Meltzer, D., van Dyk, A., Ebedes, H., and Brand, D. J., 1983, Unique seminal quality in the South African cheetah and a comparative evaluation in the domestic cat. Biol. Reprod. 29:1019–1025.
Wildt, D. E., Bush, M., Goodrowe, K. L., Packer, C., Pusey, A. E., Brown, J. L., Joslin, P., and O’Brien, S. J., 1987a, Reproductive and genetic consequences of founding isolated lion populations, Nature 329:328–331.
Wildt, D. E., O’Brien, S. J., Howard, J. G., Caro, T. M., Roelke, M. E., Brown, J. L., and Bush, M., 19876, Similarity in ejaculate-endocrine characteristics in captive versus free-ranging cheetahs of two subspecies, Biol. Reprod. 36:351–360.
Wildt, D. E., Brown, J. L., Bush, M., Barone, M. A., Cooper, K. A., Grisham, J., and Howard, J. G., 1993, Reproductive status of cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) in North American zoos: The benefits of physiological surveys for strategic planning, Zoo Biol. 12:45–80.
Wright, S., 1978, Evolution and the genetics of populations. Volume 4 variability within and among natural pouplations, in: Evolution and the Genetics of Populations, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Yuhki, N., and O’Brien, S. J., 1990, DNA variation of the mammalian major histocompatibility complex reflects genomic diversity and population history, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87:836–840.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
O’brien, S.J. (1998). Intersection of Population Genetics and Species Conservation. In: Hecht, M.K., Macintyre, R.J., Clegg, M.T. (eds) Evolutionary Biology. Evolutionary Biology, vol 30. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1751-5_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1751-5_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1753-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1751-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive