Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Biofeedback Treatment of Tension Headache

  • Chapter
Biofeedback

Abstract

Leviton (1978), in commenting on the epidemiology of headache, believes it is helpful to identify the unrecognized need, or the extent to which headache is distributed among the population at large, and the recognized need, or the proportion of individuals reporting to health care facilities seeking treatment for headache. Community studies conducted in the United States and elsewhere reveal nearly all individuals can be expected to experience a headache within a given one-year period. As many as 15% of males and 30% of females will experience headaches during this period that are fairly frequent or intense. Headache is the primary complaint in from 1% to 8% of patients seeking outpatient health care.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ad Hoc Committee on Classification of Headache. (1962). Classification of headache. Journal of the American Medical Association, 179, 717–718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, H. E., Brantley, P. J., and Thompson, K. (1982). Biofeedback and headache: Methodological issues. In L. White and B. Tursky (Eds.), Clinical biofeedback: Efficacy and mechanisms (pp. 358–367 ). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adler, C. S., and Adler, S. M. (1975). Biofeedback-psychotherapy for the treatment of headaches: A 5-year follow-up. Headache, 16, 189–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrasik, F., Blanchard, E. B., Arena, J. G., Saunders, N. L., and Barron, K. D. (1982). Psychophysiology of recurrent headache: Methodological issues and new empirical findings. Behavior Therapy, 13, 407–429.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrasik, F., Blanchard, E. B., Arena, J. G., Teders, S. J., Teevan, R. C., and Rodichok, L. D. (1982). Psychological functioning in headache sufferers. Psychosomatic Medicine, 44, 171–182.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andrasik, F., Blanchard, E. B., Edlund, S. R., and Attanasio, V. (1983). EMG biofeedback treatment of a child with muscle contraction headache. American Journal of Clinical Biofeedback, 6, 96–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrasik, F., Blanchard, E. B., Neff, D. F., and Rodichok, L. D. (1984). Biofeedback and relaxation training for chronic headache: A controlled comparison of booster treatments and regular contacts for long-term maintenance. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 609–615.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andrasik, F., and Holroyd, K. A. (1980). A test of specific and nonspecific effects in the biofeedback treatment of tension headache. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 575–586.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andrasik, F., and Holroyd, K. A. (1983). Specific and nonspecific effects in the biofeedback treatment of tension headache: 3-year follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 634–636.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bakal, D. A. (1982). The psychobiology of chronic headache. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakal, D. A., Demjen, S., and Kaganov, J. A. (1981). Cognitive behavioral treatment of chronic headache. Headache, 21, 81–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, D. H., Blanchard, E. B., Hayes, S. C., and Epstein, L. H. (1977). Single-case designs and clinical biofeedback experimentation. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 2, 221–239.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Basmajian, J. V. (1976). Facts versus myths in EMG biofeedback. Biofeedback and SelfRegulation, 1, 369–371.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Belar, C. D. (1979). A comment on Silver and Blanchard’s (1978) review of the treatment of tension headaches by EMG feedback and relaxation training. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2, 215–220.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, N. W., Abramowitz, S. I., Folkins, C. H., Spensley, J., and Hutchinson, G. L. (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  • Biofeedback, Brief psychotherapy and tension headache. Headache, 23, 162–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bille, B. (1962). Migraine in school children. Acta Paediatrica, 51(Suppl. 136 ), 1–151.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billings, R. F., Thomas, M. R., Rapp, M. S., Reyes, E., and Leith, M. (1984). Differential efficacy of biofeedback in headache. Headache, 24, 211–215.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, E. B., Andrasik, F., Ahles, T. A., Teders, S. J., and O’Keefe, D. (1980). Migraine and tension headache: A meta-analytic review. Behavior Therapy, 11, 613–631.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, E. B., Andrasik, F., Neff, D. F., Jurish, S. E., and O’Keefe, D. M. (1981). Social validation of the headache diary. Behavior Therapy, 12, 711–715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, E. B., Andrasik, F., Neff, D. F., Teders, S. J., Pallmeyer, T. P., Arena, J. B., Jurish, S. E., Saunders, N. L., Ahles, T. A., and Rodichok, L. D. (1982). Sequential comparisons of relaxation training and biofeedback in the treatment of three kinds of chronic headache or, the machines may be necessary some of the time. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 20, 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, E. B., Andrasik, F., Neff, D. F., Saunders, N. L., Arena, J. G., Pallmeyer, T. P., Teders, S. J., Jurish, S. E., and Rodichok, L. D. (1983). Four process studies in the behavioral treatment of chronic headache. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21, 209–220.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, E. B., Andrasik, F., Evans, D. D., Neff, D. F., Appelbaum, K. A., and Rodichok, L. D. (1985). Behavioral treatment of 250 chronic headache patients: A clinical replication series. Behavior Therapy, 16, 308–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, E. B., Andrasik, F., Appelbaum, K. A., Evans, D. D., Meyers, P., and Barron, K. D. (1986). Three studies of the psychological changes in chronic headache patients associated with biofeedback and relaxation therapies. Psychosomatic Medicine, 48, 73–83.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borgeat, F., Hade, B., Larouche, L. M., and Bedwani, C. N. (1980). Effect of therapist’s active presence on EMG biofeedback training of headache patients. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 5, 275–282.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bruhn, P., Olesen, J., and Melgaard, B. (1979). Controlled trial of EMG feedback in muscle contraction headache. Annals of Neurology, 6, 34–36.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Budzynski, T. (1978). Biofeedback in the treatment of muscle-contraction (tension) headache. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 4, 409–434.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Budzynski, T., Stoyva, J. M., and Adler, C. S. (1970). Feedback-induced muscle relaxation: Application to tension headache. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 1, 205–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Budzynski, T., Stoyva, J. M., Adler, C. S., and Mullaney, D. J. (1973). EMG biofeedback and tension headache: A controlled outcome study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 35, 484–496.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cahn, T., and Cram, J. R. (1980). Changing measurement instrument at follow-up: A potential source of error. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 5, 265–273.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carrobles, J. A. I., Cardona, A., and Santacreu, J. (1981). Shaping and generalization procedures in the EMG biofeedback treatment of tension headaches. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 20, 49–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chesney, M. A., and Shelton, J. L. (1976). A comparison of muscle relaxation and electromyogram biofeedback treatments for muscle contraction headache. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 7, 221–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cott, A., Goldman, J. A., Yavloski, R. P., Kirschberg, G. J., and Fabich, M. (1981). The long-term therapeutic significance of the addition of electromyographic biofeedback to relaxation training in the treatment of tension headaches. Behavior Therapy, 12, 556–559.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, D., and Thomas, D. (1981). Relationship between headaches and depression. Headache, 21, 261–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, D. J., Freundlich, A., and Meyer, R. G. (1975). Differential effectiveness of electromyographic feedback, verbal relaxation instructions, and medication placebo with tension headaches. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43, 842–898.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, D. J., Lefebvre, R. C., and Hobbs, W. R. (1982). Ancillary symptoms in the biofeedback treatment of headaches. Headache, 22, 213–215.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cram, J. R. (1980). EMG biofeedback and the treatment of tension headaches: A systematic analysis of treatment components. Behavior Therapy, 11, 699–710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalessio, D. J. (1980). A clinical classification of headache. In D. J. Dalessio (Ed.), Wolff’s headache and other head pain ( 4th ed., pp. 1–8 ). New York: Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daly, E. J., Donn, P. A., Galliher, M. J., and Zimmerman, J. S. (1983). Biofeedback applications to migraine and tension headache: A double-blinded outcome study. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 8, 135–152.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DeGood, D. E., and Williams, E. M. (1982). Parasympathetic rebound following EMG biofeedback training: A case study. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 7, 461–465.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, S. (1964). Depressive headaches. Headache, 4, 255–259.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, S. (1983). Depression and headache. Headache, 23, 123–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, S., and Dalessio, D. J. (1982). The practicing physician’s approach to headache ( 3rd ed. ). Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, S., and Montrose, D. (1984). The value of biofeedback in the treatment of chronic headache: A four-year retrospective study. Headache, 24, 5–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, S., Medina, J., Diamond-Falk, J., and DeVeno, T. (1979). The value of biofeedback in the treatment of chronic headache: A five-year retrospective study. Headache, 19, 90–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, L. H., and Abel, G. G. (1977). An analysis of biofeedback training effects for tension headache patients. Behavior Therapy, 8, 37–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, L. H., and Blanchard, E. B. (1977). Biofeedback, self-control, and self-management. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 2, 201–211.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ford, M. R., Stroebel, C. F., Strong, P., and Szarek, B. L. (1983). Quieting response training: Long-term evaluation of a clinical biofeedback practice. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 8, 265–278.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, A. (1979). Nature of headache. Headache, 19, 163–167.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, A. P., Von Storch, T. C., and Merritt, H. H. (1954). Migraine and tension headaches: A clinical study of two thousand cases. Neurology, 4, 773–788.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gerber, W. D., Miltner, W., Birbaumer, N., and Lutzenberger, W. (1983). Cephalic vasomotor feedback therapy: A controlled study of migraines and normals, in K. Holroyd, B. Schlote and H. Zenz (Eds.), Perspectives in Research on Headache. New York: C. J. Hogrefe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, C. L., Lyle, R. C., McGuire, R. J., and Peck, D. F. (1980). Electrode placement, EMG feedback, and relaxation for tension headaches. Behavior Research and Therapy, 18, 19–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, J. D., and Cichanski, K. A. (1981). A comparison of frontal EMG biofeedback and neck EMG biofeedback in the treatment of muscle-contraction headache. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 6, 63–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haynes, S. N., Griffin, P., Mooney, D., and Parise, M. (1975). Electromyographic biofeedback and relaxation instructions in the treatment of muscle contraction headaches. Behavior Therapy, 6, 677–678.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haynes, S. N., Cuevas, J., and Gannon, L. R. (1982). The psychophysiological etiology of muscle contraction headache. Headache, 22, 122–132.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holm, J. E., Holroyd, K. A., Hursey, K. G., and Penzien, D. G. (1984). Tension headache versus headache-free subjects: An evaluation of stressful events, cognitive appriasal, and coping strategies. Philadelphia, PA: Society of Behavioral Medicine.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holroyd, K. A., and Andrasik, F. (1982). Do the effects of cognitive therapy endure? A two-year follow-up of tension headache sufferers treated with cognitive therapy or biofeedback. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 6, 325–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holroyd, K. A., and Penzien, D. B. (1985). Client variables and the behavioral treatment of recurrent tension headache: A meta-analytic review. Unpublished manuscript.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holroyd, K. A., Andrasik, F., and Westbrook, T. (1977). Cognitive control of tension headache. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2, 121–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holroyd, K. A., Andrasik, F., and Noble, J. (1980). A comparison of EMG biofeedback and a credible pseudotherapy in treating tension headache. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 3, 29–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holroyd, K. A., Penzien, D. B., Hursey, K. G., Tobin, D. L., Rogers, L., Holm, J. E., Marcille, P. J., Hall, J. R., and Chila, A. G. (1984). Change mechanisms in EMG biofeedback training: Cognitive changes underlying improvements in tension headache. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 1039–1053.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Howarth, E. (1965). Headache, personality, and stress. British Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 1193–1197.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hudzinski, L. G. (1983). Neck musculature and EMG biofeedback in treatment of muscle contraction headache. Headache, 23, 86–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hudzinski, L. G. (1984). The significance of muscle discrimination training in the treatment of chronic muscle contraction headache. Headache, 24, 203–210.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchings, D. F., and Reinking, R. H. (1976). Tension headaches. What form of therapy is most effective? Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 1, 183–190.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacob, R. G., Turner, S. N., Szekely, B. C., Eidelman, B. H. (1983). Predicting outcome of relaxation therapy in headaches: The role of “depression.” Behavior Therapy, 14, 457–465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, E. (1938). Progressive relaxation. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Janssen, K. (1983). Differential effectiveness of EMG-feedback versus combined EMGfeedback and relaxation instructions in the treatment of tension headache. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 27, 243–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jay, G. W., Renelli, D., and Mead, T. (1984). The effects of propranolol and amitriptyline on vascular and EMG biofeedback training. Headache, 24, 59–69.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kondo, C., and Canter, A. (1977). True and false electromyographic feedback: Effect on tension headache. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 93–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kotses, H., and Weiner, H. (1982). Effects of home practice exercises on EMG activity subsequent to biofeedback training. American Journal of Clinical Biofeedback, 5, 103–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kremsdorf, R. B., Kochanowicz, N. A., and Costell, S. (1981). Cognitive skills training versus EMG biofeedback in the treatment of tension headaches. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 6, 93–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kudrow, L. (1982). Paradoxical effects of frequent analgesic use. In M. Critchley, A. Friedman, S. Gorini, and F. Sicuteri (Eds.), Headache: Physiopathological and clinical concepts (Advances in Neurology, Vol. 22, pp. 335–341 ). New York: Raven Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lance, J. W., Curran, D. A., and Anthony, M. (1965). Investigations into the mechanism and treatment of chronic headache. Medical Journal of Australia, 2, 909–914.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leviton, A. (1978). Epidemiology of headache. In V. S. Schoenberg (Ed.), Advances in Neurology (Vol. 19, pp. 341–352 ). New York: Raven Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Libo, L. M., and Arnold, G. E. (1983). Does training to criterion influence improvement? A follow-up study of EMG and thermal biofeedback. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 6, 397–404.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Libo, L. M., and Arnold, G. E. (1983). Relaxation practice after biofeedback therapy: A longterm follow-up study of utilization and effectiveness. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 8, 217–227.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, P. R., and Mathews, A. M. (1978). Tension headaches: Psychophysiological investigation and treatment. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 22, 389–399.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, R. E., Ehrisman, W. J., Montgomery, P. S., and Barnes, R. H. (1974). The treatment of headache by means of electroencephalographic biofeedback. Headache, 14, 164–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meichenbaum, D. (1976). Cognitive factors in biofeedback therapy. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 1, 201–216.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, K. R., and White, R. G. (1976). Self-management of tension headaches: A case study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 7, 387–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paiva, T., Nunes, S., Moreira, A., Santos, J., Teixeira, J., and Barbosa, A. (1982). Effects of frontalis EMG biofeedback and diazepam in the treatment of tension headache. Headache, 22, 216–220.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Philips, C. (1977). The modification of tension headache pain using EMG biofeedback. Behavior Research and Therapy, 15, 119–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philips, H. C. (1978). Tension headache: Theoretical problems. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 16, 249–261.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Philips, C., and Hunter, M. (1981). The treatment of tension headache-I. Muscular abnormality and biofeedback. Behavior Research and Therapy, 19, 485–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rapoport, A., Sheftell, F., Baskin, S., and Weeks, R. ( 1984, September). Analgesic rebound headache. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Migraine Trust, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raskin, N. H., and Appenzeller, O. (1980). Headache. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reeves, J. L. (1976). EMG-biofeedback reduction of tension headache: A cognitive skillstraining approach. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 1, 217–225.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reinking, R. H., Hutchings, D. (1981). Follow-up to: “Tension headaches: What form of therapy is most effective?” Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 6, 57–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, C. A. (1980). Cervical spondylosis and muscle contraction headaches. In D. J. Dalessio (Ed.), Wolff’s headache and other head pain ( 4th ed., pp. 362–380 ). New York: Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sargent, J. D., Solbach, P., and Coyne, L. (1980). Evaluation of a 5-day non-drug training program for headache at the Menninger Foundation. Headache, 20, 32–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Satinsky, D., Frerotte, A. (1981). Biofeedback treatment for headache: A two-year followup study. American Journal of Clinical Biofeedback, 1, 62–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlutter, L. G., Golden, C. J., and Blume, H. G. (1980). A comparison of treatments for perfrontal muscle contraction headache. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 53, 47–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silver, B. V., and Blanchard, E. B. (1978). Biofeedback or relaxation training in the treatment of psychophysiologic disorders: Or, are the machines really necessary? Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 1, 217–239.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solbach, P., and Sargent, J. D. (1977). A follow-up evaluation of the Menninger pilot migraine study using thermal training. Headache, 17, 198–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steger, J. C., and Harper, R. G. (1980). Comprehensive biofeedback versus self-monitored relaxation in the treatment of tension headache. Headache, 20, 137–142.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steiner, S. S., and Dince, W. N. (1981). Biofeedback efficacy studies: A critique of critiques. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 6, 275–288.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmark, S., and Borkovec, T. (1974). Active and placebo treatment effects on moderate insomnia under counterdemand and positive demand instruction. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83, 157–163.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stoyva, J., and Budzynski, T. (1974). Cultivated low arousal-An antistress response? In L. V. DiCara (Ed.), Limbic and autonomic nervous systems research (pp. 369–394 ). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, J. K., Haber, J. D., and Tearnan, B. H. (1981). Generalization of frontalis electromyographic feedback to adjacent muscle groups: A critical review. Psychosomatic Medicine, 42, 19–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Boxtel, A., Goudswaard, P., and Janssen, K. (1983). Absolute and proportional resting EMG levels in muscle contraction and migraine headache patients. Headache, 23, 215–222.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Werder, D. S., and Sargent, J. D. (1984). A study of childhood headache using biofeedback as as treatment alternative. Headache, 24, 122–126.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Werder, D. S., Sargent, J. D., and Coyne, L. (1981, October). MMPI profiles of headache patients using self-regulation to control headache activity. Presented at the 1981 meeting of the American Association of Biofeedback Clinicians, 1981, Kansas City, MO.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pain Therapy Centers, Greenville Hospital System, Greenville, SC, 29601, USA

    Frank Andrasik

  2. Center for Stress and Anxiety, State University of New York at Albany, 1535 Western Avenue, Albany, NY, 12203, USA

    Edward B. Blanchard

Authors
  1. Frank Andrasik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Edward B. Blanchard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA

    John P. Hatch , Johnnie G. Fisher  & John D. Rugh ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Andrasik, F., Blanchard, E.B. (1987). The Biofeedback Treatment of Tension Headache. In: Hatch, J.P., Fisher, J.G., Rugh, J.D. (eds) Biofeedback. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9462-5_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9462-5_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9464-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9462-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation