Abstract
Like anxiety, depression is defined in terms of its symptoms rather than its cause. Depression is “a label for a feeling or affective state of dysphoria” (Craighead, 1981, p. 76). Symptoms that occur in at least 75% of individuals diagnosed as depressed include feelings of inadequacy and helplessness, indecisiveness, crying spells, loss of interest and enjoyment, fatigability, sleep disturbance, pessimism, dejected mood, and self-devaluation (Beck, 1973). Agreement, however, as to what constitutes a depressive state is often difficult to achieve in that these symptoms are neither unique to depression nor universally ascribed to that condition (Glazer, Clarkin, & Hunt, 1981; Harrow, Colbert, Detre, & Bakeman, 1966; Levitt, Lubin, & Brooks, 1983).
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Recommended Readings
Clarkin, J. F., & Glazer, H. I. (Eds.). (1981). Depression: Behavioral and directive intervention strategies. New York: Garland STPM Press.
Rehm, L. P. (Ed.). (1981). Behavior therapy for depression: Present status and future directions. New York: Academic Press.
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© 1986 Plenum Press, New York
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Hollandsworth, J.G. (1986). Depression. In: Physiology and Behavior Therapy. The Plenum Series in Behavioral Psychophysiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7023-9_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7023-9_9
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