Abstract
When the heart begins to fail as a pump, no matter what the underlying cause, there develops the condition termed congestive heart failure. It may be acute or chronic and may involve the left or the right side of the heart, depending on the basic etiology (e.g., hypertension, generalized atherosclerosis, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, rheumatic or luetic heart disease) and the cardiac structures involved (i.e., myocardium, valves, or the cardiac electrical system of nerves). Furthermore, it may result from extra-cardiac organs directly or indirectly as well as humoral and electrolyte factors (Zedis et al., 1976).
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© 1979 Plenum Press, New York
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Bine, R. (1979). Cardiac Failure. In: Hodges, R.E. (eds) Nutrition. Human Nutrition, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7213-8_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7213-8_6
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