Abstract
This research was dedicated to experimental observation of convection in a fluid subjected to a stabilizing thermal gradient during centrifugation. A laser light cut technique was employed to visualize convection in a test cell consisting of a transparent cylinder enclosed with two metal disks at the top and bottom. A concave shape was machined onto the bottom disk in order to simulate an interface typical for gradient freeze solidification of semiconductors. A constant vertical temperature gradient, similar to that used in gradient freeze crystal growth, was maintained in the cell. Convection was observed in water at several net acceleration levels, from 1 to 4g. Without rotation (1 g), buoyancy caused the usual two-dimensional axisymmetric flow pattern. Centrifugation introduced the Coriolis force and caused the flow near the “interface” to be predominantly rotational about the axis, as predicted by theory. With an uncooled plastic bottom, the flow there split to form two rotating cells in the cross sectional plane. No flow transition was found over the range of acceleration investigated, and the flow velocities were not strongly dependent on g.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
H. Rodot, L.L. Regel, and A.M. Turtchaninov, Crystal growth of IV-VI semiconductors in a centrifuge, J. Crystal Growth104: 280 (1990).
W.A. Arnold and L.L. Regel, Thermal stability and the suppression of convection in a rotating fluid on earth, in: “Materials Processing in High Gravity,” L.L. Regel and W.R. Wilcox, eds., Plenum Press, New York (1994).
V.A. Urpin, Convective flows during crystal growth in a centrifuge, ibid.
L.L. Regel, G.V. Sarafanov, and A.M. Turtchaninov, State of the art and development prospects for research on crystal growth and metal solidification under conditions of elevated gravity, Inst. Kosm. Issled. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Preprint No. 907 (1984). Cited in L.L. Regel, “Materials Processing in Space,” volume 1, Consultants Bureau, New York (1990).
L.L. Regel, G.V. Sarafanov, I.V. Videnskii, A.M. Turtchaninov, and H. Rodot, Making lead telluride crystals doped with silver under conditions of elevated gravity, Inst. Kosm. Issled. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Preprint No. 908 (1984). Cited in L.L. Regel, “Materials Processing in Space,” volume 1, Consultants Bureau, New York (1990).
H. Rodot, L.L. Regel, G.V. Sarafanov, M. Hamidi, I.V. Videnskii, and A.M. Turtchaninov, Cristaux de tellurure de plomb elabores en centrifugeuse, J. Crystal Growth79: 77 (1986).
W.A. Arnold, W.R. Wilcox, F. Carlson, A. Chait, and L.L. Regel, Transport modes during crystal growth in a centrifuge, J. Crystal Growth119: 24 (1992).
W.A. Arnold, “Numerical Modeling of Directional Solidification in a Centrifuge,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY (1993).
W. Weber, G. Neumann, and G. Müller, Stabilizing influence of the Coriolis force during melt growth on a centrifuge, J. Crystal Growth100: 145 (1990).
G. Müller, E. Shmidt, and P. Kyr, Investigation of convection in melts and crystal growth under large inertial accelerations, J. Crystal Growth49: 387 (1980).
G. Müller, G. Neumann, and W. Weber, J. Crystal Growth70: 78 (1984).
P. Williams, A. Chevy, S. Bobeche, and M. Rodot, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.27: 920 (1994).
R. Derebail, W.A. Arnold, G.J. Rosen, W.R. Wilcox, and L.L. Regel, HIRB - the centrifuge facility at Clarkson, in: “Materials Processing in High Gravity,” L.L. Regel and W.R. Wilcox, eds. Plenum Press, New York (1994).
D.H. Kim and R.A. Brown, J. Crystal Growth109: 66 (1991).
Sh. Mavlonov, The phenomena of crystallization in centrifugal force fields and the dynamo effect, J. Crystal Growth119: 167 (1992).
J. Friedrich and G. Muller, Convection in crystal growth under high gravity on a centrifuge, in present volume.
J. Friedrich, J. Baumgartl, H.-J. Leister, and G. Muller,.J. Crystal Growth167: 45 (1996).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Skudarnov, P.V., Regel, L.L., Wilcox, W.R. (1997). Flow Visualization Study of Convection in a Centrifuge. In: Regel, L.L., Wilcox, W.R. (eds) Centrifugal Materials Processing. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5941-2_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5941-2_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7722-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5941-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive