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Estrogen Deficiency and Syndrome X

  • Chapter
Chest Pain with Normal Coronary Angiograms: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 213))

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Abstract

Syndrome X - angina pectoris, ST-segment depression on the electrocardiogram during exercise, and normal coronary arteries is more frequent in women than in men. Female patients with syndrome X are often menopausal (either natural or surgical) and suffer from symptoms of ovarian insufficiency such as hot flushes and migraine. The high incidence of hysterectomies (4-times greater than an age matched United Kingdom population) and signs of ovarian insufficiency suggest that estrogen deficiency may trigger the onset of syndrome X in the majority of female patients with the condition. In postmenopausal patients with syndrome X, estrogen replacement therapy may reduce the frequency of the anginal chest pain.

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Authors
  1. Peter Collins
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. St George’s Hospital Medical School, London, UK

    Juan Carlos Kaski MD, MRCP, FACC, FESC (BHF Sugden Reader in Clinical Cardiology and Consultant Cardiologist, Head of Coronary Artery Disease Research Group) (BHF Sugden Reader in Clinical Cardiology and Consultant Cardiologist, Head of Coronary Artery Disease Research Group)

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Collins, P. (1999). Estrogen Deficiency and Syndrome X. In: Kaski, J.C. (eds) Chest Pain with Normal Coronary Angiograms: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 213. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5181-2_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5181-2_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7360-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5181-2

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