Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Glycation and Glycoxidation in Diabetic Vascular Disease

  • Chapter
Oxidative Stress and Vascular Disease

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 224))

Abstract

Elevated blood sugar is the hallmark of diabetes. Paradoxically, increased blood glucose occurs both when there is a complete absence of insulin in the body (type I, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)) and when there is an excess of circulating insulin (type II, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)). Type I diabetes is generally associated with a young or juvenile onset, while Type II diabetes typically occurs with older age and obesity. However, individuals affected by either type of diabetes are at risk for developing a similar set of chronic complications. Microvascular disease in diabetes includes retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Macrovascular disease is associated with the 2–4 fold increased risk for atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease observed in diabetic individuals. An unexpected finding in diabetes is that the tissues and cells in which complications occur, such as retinal and other vascular endothelial cells, renal mesangial cells and neural cells do not require insulin for glucose uptake. Because of the common occurrence of elevated circulating glucose, overlap in the complications associated with both type of diabetes, and development of complications in tissues freely permeable to glucose, much research has focused on mechanisms by which glucose itself may contribute to vascular disease in diabetes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Van Dam PS, Van Asbeck BS, Erkelens BW, Marx JJM, Gispen W-H, Bravenboer B: The role of oxidative stress in neuropathy and other diabetic complications: Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews. 1995;11:181.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Giugliano D, Ceriello A, Paolisso G: Oxidative stress and diabetic vascular complications. Diabetes Care. 1996:19:257.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Baynes JW. “Reactive oxygen in the aetiology and complications of diabetes” In Drugs, Diet and Disease, Vol2: Mechanistic approaches to diabetes, Ioannides, C, ed. Pergamon Press: London, UK pp 203.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Baynes JW, Thorpe SR: The role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications. Cur Opin Endocrin. 1997;3:277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Garlick RL, Bunn, HF, Spiro, RG: Non-enzymatic glycosylation of basement membranes from human glomeruli and bovine sources. Diabetes. 1988;37:1144.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Dyer DG, Dunn JA, Thorpe SR, Bailie KE, Lyons TJ, McCance DR, Baynes JW: Accumulation of Maillard reaction products in skin collagen in diabetes and aging. J Clin Invest. 1993;91:2463.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Lyons TJ, Silvestri G, Dunn JA, Dyer DG, Baynes JW: Role of glycation in modification of lens crystallins in diabetic and non-diabetic senile cataracts. Diabetes. 1991;40:1010.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Zyzak DV, Richardson JM, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Formation of reactive intermediates from Amadori compounds under physiological conditions. Arch Biochem Biophysics. 1995;316:547.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Yamada H, Miyata S, Igaki N, Yatabe H, Miyauchi Y, Ohara T, Sakai M, Shoda H, Oimomi M, Kasuga M: Increase in 3-deoxyglucosone levels in diabetic rat plasma. J Biol Chem. 1995;269:20275.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hamada Y, Nakamura J, Fujisawa H, Yago H, Nakashima E, Koh N, Hotta N: Effects of glycemic control on plasma 3-deoxyglucosone levels in NIDDM patients. Diabetes Care. 1997;20:1466.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Niwa T, Takeda N, Yoshizumi H, Tatematsu A, Ohara M, Tomiyama S, Niimura K: Presence of 3-deoxyglucosone, a potent protein crosslinking intermediate of Maillard Reaction, in diabetic serum. Biochem Biophysic Res Comm. 1993;196:837.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Niwa T, Takeda N, Miyazaki T, Yoshizumi H, Tatematsu A, Maeda M, Ohara S, Tomiyama S, Kiimura K: Elevated serum levels of 3-deoxyglucosone, a potent crosslinking intermediate of the Maillard reaction, in uremic serum. Nephron. 1995;69:438.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wells-Knecht KJ, Lyons TJ, McCance DR, Thorpe SR, Feather MS, Baynes JW: 3-Deoxyfructose concentrations are increased in human plasma and urine in diabetes. Diabetes. 1994;43:1152.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lal, S, Szwergold BS, Taylor AH, Randall WC, Kappler F, Wells-Knecht KJ, Baynes JW, Brown TR: Metabolism of fructose-3-phosphate in the diabetic rat lens. Arch Biochem Biophysics. 1995;318:191.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Petersen A, Kappler F, Szwergold BS, Brown TR: Fructose metabolism in the human erythrocyte: Phosphorylation to fructose-3-phosphate. Biochem J. 1991;284:363.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Dyer DG, Blackledge JA, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Formation of pentosidine during nonenzymatic browning of proteins by glucose. Identification of glucose and other carbohydrates as possible precursors of pentosidine in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1991;266:11654.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Niwa T, Katsuzaki T, Miyazaki S, Miyazaki t, Ishizaki Y, Hayase F, Tatemichi N, Takei Y: Immunohistochemical detection of imidazolone, a novel advanced glycation end product, in kidneys and aortas of diabetic patients. J Clin Invest. 1997;99:1272.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Portero-Otin M, Nagaraj RH, Monnier VM: Chromatographic evidence for pyrraline formation during protein glycation in vitro and in vivo. Biochimica Biophysica Acta. 1995;1247:74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Horie K, Miyata T, Maeda K, Miyata S, Sugiyama S, Sakai H, van Ypersele de Strihou C, Monnier VM, Witztum JL, Kurokawa K. Immunohistochemical colocalization of glycoxidaton products and lipid peroxidation products in diabetic renal glomerular lesions. J Clin Invest. 1997;100:2995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Portero-Otin M, Pamplona R, Bellmut MJ, Bergua M, RH, Prat J: Glycaemic control and in vivo non-oxidative Maillard reaction: urinary excretion of pyrraline in diabetes patients. Eur J Clin Invest. 1997;27:763.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Richard JP: Kinetic parameters for the elimination reaction catalyzed by triosephosphate isomerase and an estimation of the reaction’s physiological significance. Biochemistry. 1991;39:4581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Thornalley PJ: Pharmacology of methylglyoxal. Gen Pharmacol. 1996;27:565.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Thornalley PJ, Hooper NI, Jennings PE, Florkowski CM, Jones AF, Lunec J, Barnett AH: The human red blood glyoxalase system in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 1989;7:115.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. McLellan AC, Thornalley PJ, Benn J, Soenksen, PH: Glyoxylase system in clinical diabetes mellitus and correlation with diabetic complications. Clin Sci. 1994;87:21.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lyles GA, Chalmers J: The metabolism of aminoacetone to methylglyoxal by semicarbizidesensitive amine oxidase in human umbilical artery. Biochem Pharm. 1992;43:1409.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Boomsma F, Derkx FHM, van den Meiracker AH, in’t Veld AJM, Schalekamp MADH: Plasma semicarbizide-sensitive amine oxidase activity is elevated in diabetes mellitus and correlates with glycosylated hemoglobin. Clin Sci. 1995;88:675.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Boomsma F, van Veldhuisen DJ, de Kam PJ, in’t Veld AJM, Lie, KI, Schalekamp MADH: Plasma semicarbizide-sensitive amine oxidase is elevated in patients with congestive heart failure. Cardiovascular Research. 1997;33:387.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Yu PH, Zuo D-M: Oxidative deamination of methylamine by semicarbizide-sensitive amine oxidase leads to cytotoxic damage in endothelial cells. Diabetes. 1993;42:594.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hayashi T, Namiki, M: Role of sugar fragmentation in the Maillard reaction. Developments in Food Science. 1986;13:29.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Niyati-Shirkhodaee F, Shibamoto T: Gas chromatographyic analysis of glyoxal and methylglyoxal formed from lipids and related compounds upon ultraviolet irradiation. J Agricul Food Chem. 1993;41:227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ahmed MU, Brinkmann-Frye E, Degenhardt TP, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Ne(Carboxy)ethyllsyine, a product of the chemical modification of proteins by methylglyoxal, increases with age in human lens protein. Biochem J. 1997;324:565.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Lo TWC, Westwood ME, McLellan AC, Selwood T, Thornally PJ: Binding and modification of proteins by methylglyoxal under physiological conditions. J Biol Chem. 1994;269: 32299.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Shipanova IN Glomb M, Nagaraj RH: Protein modification by methylglyoxal: chemical nature and synthetic mechanism of a major fluorescent adduct. Arch Biochem Biophysics. 1997;344:29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Shamsi FA, Partal A, Sady C, Glomb M and Nagaraj RH: Immunological evidence for methylglyoxal-derived modifications in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:6928.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Nagaraj RH, Shipanova IN, Faust, FM: Protein cross-linking by the Maillard reaction. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:19338.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Brinkmann-Frye E, Degenhardt TP, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Role of the Maillard reaction in aging of tissue proteins. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:18714.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Odani H, Shinzato T, Matsumoto Y, Brinkmann-Frye E, Baynes JW, Maeda K: Imidazolium crosslinks derived from reaction of lysine with glyoxal and methylglyoxal are increased in serum proteins of uremic patients: evidence for increased oxidative stress in uremia. FEBS Let. 1998;427:381.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Yim HS, Kang SO, Hah YC, Chock PB, Yim MB: Free radicals generated during the glycation reaction of amino acids by methylglyoxal. A model study of protein-cross-linked free radicals. J Biol Chem. 1995:270:28228.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Fu M-X, Knecht KJ, Lyons TJ, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Role of oxygen in the cross-linking and chemical modification of collagen by glucose. Diabetes. 1994;43:676.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Brownlee M: Advanced protein glycosylation in diabetes and aging. Ann Rev Med. 1996;46:223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Vlassara H: Recent progress in advanced glycation end-products and diabetic complications. Diabetes. 1997;46 (Suppl 2):S19.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Ahmed MU, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Identification of carboxymethyllysine as a degradation product of fructose-lysine in glycosylated protein. J Biol Chem. 1986;261:4889.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Sell DR, Monnier VM. Structure elucidation of a senescence cross-link from human extracellular matrix: Implication of pentoses in the aging process. J Biol Chem. 1989;264:21597.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Sell DR, Monnier VM: End-stage renal disease and diabetes catalyze the formation of a pentosederived crosslink from aging human collagen. J Clin Invest. 1990;85:380.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Reddy S, Bichler J, Wells-Knecht KJ, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: NE(carboxymethyl)lysine is a dominant advanced glycation end-product (AGE) antigen in tissue proteins. Biochemistry. 1995;34:10872.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Baynes, JW: The role of oxidative stress in the development of complications in diabetes. Diabetes. 1991;40:405.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Wells-Knecht KJ, Zyzak DV, Litchfield JE, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Mechanism of autoxidative glycosylation: identification of glyoxal and arabinose as intermediates in the autoxidative modification of proteins by glucose. Biochemistry. 1995;34:3702.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Glomb MA, Monnier VM: Mechanism of protein modification by glyoxal and glycoaldehyde, reactive intermediates of the Maillard reaction. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:10017.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Anderson MM, Hazen SL, Hsu FF, Heinecke JH: Human neutrophils employ the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride system to convert hydroxy-amino acids into glycolaldehyde, 2-hydroxypropanol, and acrolein. J Clin Invest. 1997;99:424.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Fu M-X, Requena JR, Jenkins AJ, Lyons TJ, Baynes JW, Thorpe SR: The advanced glycation end-product, Nε(carboxymethyl)lysine, is a product of both lipid peroxidation and glycoxidation reactions. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:9982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Kume S, Takeya M, Mori T, Araki N, Suzuki H, Horiuchi S, Kodama T, Miyauchi T, Takahashi K: Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural detection of advanced glycation end products in atherosclerotic lesions of human aorta with a novel specific monoclonal antibody. Amer J Path. 1995;147:654.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Wolff SP, Dean RT: Glucose autoxidation and protein modification: the potential role of autoxidative glycosylation in diabetes. Biochem J. 1987;245:243.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Wells-Knecht MC, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Pathways of formation of glycoxidation products during glycation of collagen. Biochemistry. 1995;34:15134.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Elgawish A, Glomb M, Friedlander M, Monnier VM: Involvement of hydrogen peroxide in collagen cross-linking by high glucose in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1996;271;12964.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Hamlin CR, Kohn RR: Evidence for progressive, age-related structural changes in post-mature human collagen. Biochimica Biophysica Acta. 1971;236:458.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Eble AS, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Non-enzymatic glucosylation and glucose-dependent crosslinking of protein. J Biol Chem. 1983;258:9406.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Oxlund H, Rasmussen LM, Andreassen TT, Heickendorff L: Increased aortic stiffness in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 1989;32:748.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Monnier VM, Vishwanath V, Frank KE, Elmets CA, Dauchot P, Kohn RR: Relations between complications to Type I diabetes mellitus and collagen-linked fluorescence. N Engl J of Med. 1986;314:403.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Monnier VM, Sell DR, Abdul-Karim FW, Emancipator SN: Collagen browning and crosslinking are increased in chronic experimental hyperglycemia. Relevance to diabetes and aging. Diabetes. 1988;37:867.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Sell DR, Lapolla A, Odetti P, Fogarty J, Monnier VM: Pentosidine formation in skin correlates with severity of complications in individuals with long-standing IDDM. Diabetes. 1992;41:1286.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. McCance DR, Dyer DG, Dunn JA, Bailie KE, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW, Lyons TJ: Maillard reaction products and their relation to complications in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest. 1993;91:2470.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Bucala R, Tracey KJ, Cerami A: Advanced glycosylation products quench nitric oxide and mediate defective endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in experimental diabetes. J Clin Invest. 1991;87:432.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Brownlee M, Vlassara H, Cerami A: Nonenzymatic glycosylation products on collagen covalently trap low-density lipoprotein. Diabetes. 1985;34:938.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Hicks M, Delbridge L, Yue, DK, Reeve TS: Increase in crosslinking of nonenzymatically glycosylated collagen induced by products of lipid peroxidation. Arch Biochem Biophysics. 1989;268:249.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Lyons TJ, Kennedy L: Non-enzymatic glycosylation of skin collagen in patients with limited joint mobility. Diabetologia. 1985;28:2.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Vishwanath V, Frank KE, Elmets CA, Dauchot PJ, Monnier VM: Glycosylation of skin collagen in Type I diabetes mellitus: correlations with long-term complications. Diabetes 1986;35:916.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Ziyadeh FN, Cohen MP: Effects of glycated albumin on mesangial cells: evidence for a role in diabetic nephropathy. Mol Cell Biochem. 1993;125:19.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Cohen MP, Ziyadeh FN: Amadori glucose adducts modulate mesangial cell growth and collagen gene expression. Kidney Internl. 1994;45:475.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Cohen MP, Sharma K, Jin Y, Hud E, Wu V-Y, Tomaszewski J, Ziyadeh FN: Prevention of diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice with glycated albumin antagonists. J Clin Invest. 1995;95:2338.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Lyons TJ: Oxidized low density lipoproteins: a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes? Diabetic Medicine. 1991;8:411.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Tsai EC, Hirsch IB, Brunzell JD, Chait A: Reduced plasma peroxyl radical trapping capacity and increased susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in poorly controlled IDDM. Diabetes. 1994;43:1010.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Stringer MD, Gorog PG, Freeman A, Kakkar VV. Lipid peroxides and atherosclerosis. Brit Med J. 1989;298:281.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Wells-Knecht MC, Lyons TJ, McCance, DR, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Age-dependent increase in orthzo-tyrosine and methionine sulfoxide in human skin collagen is not accelerated in diabetes. J Clin Invest. 1997,839.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Knecht KJ, Dunn JA, McFarland KF, McCance DR, Lyons TJ, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Effect of diabetes and aging on carboxymethyllysine levels in human urine. Diabetes. 1991;41:190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Requena JR, Ahmed MU, Fountain CW, Degenhardt TP, Reddy S, Perez C, Lyons TJ, Jenkin AJ, Baynes JW, Thorpe, SR: Carboxymethylethanolamine, a biomarker of phospholipid modification during the Maillard reaction in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:17473.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Jenkins AJ, Lyons TJ, Smyth B, Requena JR, Fountain CW, Degenhardt TP, Hermayer K, Phillips, K, King L, Baynes JW, Thorpe S: Glycoxidation and lipoxidation products in red cell membranes in IDDM-Relationship to glycemic control and microvascular complications. Diabetes. 1998; 47(supplement 1):A127.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Miyata T, Fu M-X, Kurokawa K, van Ypersele de Strihou C, Thorpe SR, Baynes JW: Products of both carbohydrates and lipids are increased in uremic plasma. Kidney International. 1998; in press

    Google Scholar 

  78. Miyata T, van Ypersele de Strihou C, Kurokawa K, Baynes JW: Alterations in non-enzymatic biochemistry in uremia: Origin and significance of “carbonyl stress” in long-term uremic complications. Kidney International. 1998; in press

    Google Scholar 

  79. Lyons TJ, Jenkins AJJ: Glycation, oxidation and lipoxidation in the development of the complications of diabetes: a carbonyl stress hypothesis. Diabetes Reviews. 1997;5:365.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Beisswenger PJ, Howell S., Stevens RA, Cavender JC, Lal S, Randall W, Szwergold BS, Kappler F, Brown T: The role of glycation products, a dicarbonyls and their degradative pathways in diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci. 1996;38 (supplement):765.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Packer L: Antioxidant properties of lipoic acid and its therapeutic effects in prevention of diabetes complications and cataracts. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1994;38:257.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Packer L, Tritschler HJ, Wessel K: Nueroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid. Free Rad Biol Med. 1997;22:359.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Lal S, Szwergold BS, Walker M, Randall W, Kappler F, Besisswenger PJ, Brown T. “Production and metabolism of 3-deoxyglucosone in humans”. In The Maillard reaction in foods and Medicine, O’Brien J, Nursten HE, Crabbe JC, Ames JM, eds. Royal Society of Chemistry: London, UK 1998 pp. 291.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  84. Beisswenger, PJ, Howell S, Stevens R, Siegal A, Lal S, Randall W, Szwergold BS, Kappler F, Brown T. “The role of 3-deoxyglucosone and the activity of its degradative pathways in the etiology of diabetic microvascular disease”. In The Maillard reaction in foods and Medicine, O’Brien J, Nursten HE, Crabbe JC, Ames JM, eds. Royal Society of Chemistry: London, UK 1998 pp.298.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  85. Cameron NE, Cotter MA: Metabolic and vascular factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes. 1997;46 (Supplement 2): S31.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Williamson JR, Chang K, Khalid MF, Hasan KS, Ido Y, Kawamura T, Nyengaard JR, Van den Enden M, Kilo C, Tilton RG: Hyperglycemic pseudohypoxia and diabetic complications. Diabetes. 1993;42: 801.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Okado A, Kawasaki Y, Hasuke Y, Takahashi M, Teshima T, Fujii J, Taniguchi N: Induction of apoptotic cell death by methyglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone in Macrophage-derived cell lines. Biochem Biophysic Res Comm. 1996; 225:219.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Stephens NG, Parsons A, Schofield PM, Kelly F, Cheeseman K, Mitchinson MJ: Randomised controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS). Lancet. 1996;347:781.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Diaz, MD, Frei B, Vita JA, Keaney JF: Antioxidants and atherosclerotic heart disease. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:408.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Rumble, JR, Cooper ME, Soulis T, Cox A, Wu L, Youssef S, Jasik M, Jerums G, Gilbert RE: Vascular hypertrophy in experimental diabetes. Role of advanced glycation end products. J Clin Invest. 1997;99:1016.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Yu PH, Zuo DM: Aminoguanidine inhibits semicarbizide-sensitive amine oxidase activity: implications for advanced glycation and diabetic complications. Diabetologia. 1997;40:1243.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Bucala R, Makita Z, Koschinsky T, Cerami A, Vlassara H: Lipid advanced glycosylation: Pathway for lipid oxidation in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993;90:6434.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Bucala R, Makita Z, Vega G, Grundy S, Koschinsky T, Cerami A, Vlassara H: Modification of low density lipoprotein by advanced glycation end products contributes to the dyslipidemia of diabetes and renal insufficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1994;91:9441.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Booth, AA, Khalifah RG, Hudson BG: Thiamine pyrophosphate and pyridoxamine inhibit the formation of antigenic advanced glycation end-products: comparison with aminoguanidine. Biochem Biophysic Res Comm. 1996;220:113.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Booth, AA, Khalifah RG, Todd P, Hudson BG: In vitro kinetic studies of formation of antigenic advanced glycation end products AGEs). Novel inhibition of post-Amadori glycation pathways. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:5430.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Ishi H, Daisuke K, King GL: Protein kinase C activation and its role in the development of vascular complicatinos in diabetes mellitus. J Mol Med. 1998;76:21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. Bierhaus A, Hofmann MA, Ziegler R, Nawroth PP: AGEs and their interaction with AGE-receptors in vascular disease and diabetes mellitus. I. The AGE concept. Cardiovascular Research. 199;37:586.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Fu S, Fu M-X, Baynes JW, Thorpe SR, Dean RT: Presence of DOPA and amino acid hydroperoxides in proteins modified with advanced glycation end products (AGEs): amino acid oxidation products as a possible source of oxidative stress induced by AGE-proteins. Biochem J. 1998;330:233.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Yamauchi, T, Igarashi M, Brownlee M, Thorpe S, King G: Activation of diacylglyercol and protein kinase C in aortic smooth muscle cells by oxidants and advanced glycation products. Diabetes. 1998;47 (supplement 1):A372.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Ziyadeh FN, Cheol D, Cohen JA, Guo J, Cohen MP: Glycated albumin stimulates fibronectin expression in glomerular mesangial cells: Involvement of the transforming growth factor-β system. Kidney International. 1998;53:631.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Verlade V, Jenkins A, Christopher J, Lyons T, Mayfield R, Jaffa A: Modified lipoproteins induce mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and TGF-β expression in mesangial cells. Diabetes. 1998;47(supplment 1):A127.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Lyons TJ, Li W, Wells-Knecht M, Jokl R: Toxicity of mildly modified low density lipoproteins to cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells and pericytes. Diabetes. 1994;43:1090.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Witztum JL, Steinberg D: Role of oxidized low density lipoprotein in atherogenesis. J Clin Invest. 1991;88:1785.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Mullarkey CJ, Edelstien D, Brownlee M: Free radical generation by early glycation products: a mechanism for accelerated atherogenesis in diabetes. Biochem Biophysicl Res Comm. 1990;177:932.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. Sakurai T, Yamamoto Y, Shimoyama M, Nakano M. “Low density lipoprotein carboxymethylated in vitro does not accelerate cholesterylester synthesis in mouse peritoneal macrophages: In The Maillard reaction in foods and Medicine, O’Brien J, Nursten HE, Crabbe JC, Ames JM, eds. Royal Society of Chemistry: London, UK 1998 pp. 351.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  106. Schalkwijk, CG, Vermeer MA, Verzijl N, Stehouwer CDA, te Koppele J, Prncen HMG, van Hinsbergh VWM. “Modification of low-density lipoproteins by methylglyoxal alters its physiochemical and biological properties”. In The Maillard reaction in foods and Medicine, O’Brien J, Nursten HE, Crabbe JC, Ames JM, eds. Royal Society of Chemistry: London, UK 1998 pp. 285.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  107. Klein RL, Laimins M, Lopes-Virella MF: Isolation, characterization and metabolism of the glycated and non-glycated subfractions of low density lipoproteins isolated from type I diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects. Diabetes. 1995;44:109.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Westwood ME, Thornalley PJ: Induction of synthesis and secretion of interleukin 1 beta in the human monocytic THP-1 cells by human serum albumins modified with methylgloxal and advanced glycation endproducts Immunol Lett. 1996;50:17.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Abordo EA, Westwood ME, Thornalley PJ: Synthesis and secretion of macrophage colony stimulating factor by mature human monocytes and human monocytic THP-1 cells induced by human serum albumin derivatives modified with methylglyoxal and glucose-derived advanced glycation end-products. Immun Lett. 1996;53:7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Uchida K, Khor OT, Oya T, Osawa T, Yasuda Y, Miyata T: Protein modification by a Maillard reaction intermediate methylglyoxal. Immunochemical detection of a fluorescent 5-methyimidazolone derivatives in vivo. FEBS Lett. 1997;410:313.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Suzanne R. Thorpe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Timothy J. Lyons
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. John W. Baynes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    John F. Keaney Jr. M.D. (Associate Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology) (Associate Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Thorpe, S.R., Lyons, T.J., Baynes, J.W. (2000). Glycation and Glycoxidation in Diabetic Vascular Disease. In: Keaney, J.F. (eds) Oxidative Stress and Vascular Disease. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 224. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4649-8_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4649-8_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7103-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-4649-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation