Abstract
Several hundred natural polysaccharides are currently known and provide one of the richest and oldest reservoirs of structurally and functionally diverse biopolymers. Water soluble polysaccharide hydrocolloids are abundant in nature, present in many plant sources but only a restricted number is of therapeutical interest. For medical purpose many uses were proposed and have been established ever since, and new areas of pharmaceutical/medical uses are constantly being discussed (1).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
G. Franz, Struktur und biologische Funktion von Polysacchariden, in: “Polysaccha-ride — Eigenschaften und Nutzung”, W. Burchard, ed., Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo (1985).
R. L. Whistler, A. Bushway, P. O. Singh, W. Nakahara, and R. Tokuzen, Noncytotoxic, antitumor polysaccharides, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem. 32:235 (1976).
G. Chihara, Immunopharmacology of Lentinan and the glucans, Rev. Immunol. Immunofarmacol. 4:85 (1984).
J. Kraus, Biopolymere mit antitumoraler und immunmodulierender Wirkung, Pharmazie in unserer Zeit 19:157 (1990).
E. De Clerq, Chemotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), J. Med. Chem. 29:1561 (1986).
G. Chihara, J. Hamuro, Y. Maeda, T. Shiio, T. Suga, N. Takasuka, and T. Sasaki, Antitumor and metastasis-inhibitory activities of Lentinan as an immunomodul-ator: an overview, Cancer Detection and Prevention Suppl. 1:423 (1987).
H. Furue, Biological characteristics and clinical effect of sizofilan (SPG), Drugs of Today 23:335 (1987).
J. Kraus and G. Franz, β(1–3)glucans: anti-tumor activity and immunostimulation, in: “Fungal Cell Wall and Immune Response”, J.-P. Latgé and D. Boucias, eds., NATO ASI Series H53, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Barcelona, Budapest (1991).
H. Wagner, A. Proksch, I. Riess-Maurer, A. Vollmar, S. Odenthal, H. Stuppner, K. Jurcic, M. Le Turdu, and J. N. Fang, Immunstimulierend wirkende Polysaccharide (Heteroglykane) aus höheren Pflanzen. Arzneim. Forsch./Drug Res. 35:1069 (1985).
H. Wagner, H. Stuppner, W. Schäfer, and M. Zenk, Immunologically active polysaccharides of Echinacea purpurea cell cultures, Phytochemistry 27:119 (1988).
B. Luettig, C. Steinmüller, G. E. Gifford, H. Wagner, and M.-L. Lohmann-Matthes, Macrophage activation by the polysaccharide arabinogalactan isolated from plant cell cultures of Echinacea purpurea, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 81:669 (1989).
K. Othani, K. Mizutani, S. Hatono, R. Kasai, R. Sumino, T. Shiota, M. Ushijima, J. Zhou, T. Fuwa, and O. Tanaka, Sanchinan-A, a reticuloendothelial system activating arabinogalactan from Sanchi-Ginseng (Roots of Panax notoginseng), Planta Med. 53:166 (1987).
A. Haslberger, J. Hildebrandt, C. Lam, E. Liehl, H. Loibner, I. Macher, B. Rosenwirth, E. Schütze, H. Vyplel, and F. M. Unger, Immunopharmacology of lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) from gram-negative bacteria, Triangle 26:33 (1987).
A. C. Issekutz, Removal of gram-negative endotoxin from solutions by affinity chromatography, J. Immunol. Methods 61:275 (1983).
J. Kraus and F. Roßkopf, Relationship between immunological activity in vitro and antitumor effect in vivo of various polysaccharides, PPL: Pharm. Pharmacol. Lett. 1:11 (1991).
L. P. Ruco and M. S: Meltzer, Macrophage activation for tumor cytotoxicity: tumoricidal activity by macrophages from C3H/HeJ mice requires at least two activation stimuli, Cellular Immunology 41:35 (1978).
K. Gomaa, J. Kraus, and G. Franz, Structural investigations of glucans from cultures of Glomerella cingulata Spaulding & von Schrenck, Carbohydr. Res. 217:153 (1991).
J. Kraus, The water-soluble polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba leaves, Phytochemistry 30:3017 (1991).
G. S. Tarnowski, I. M. Mountain, and C. C. Stock, Influence of genotype of host on regression of solid and ascites forms of Sarcoma-180 and effect of chemotherapy on the solid form, Cancer Res. 33:1885 (1973).
R. B. Johnston, Monocytes and macrophages. N. Engl. J. Med. 318:747 (1988).
S. Demleitner, J. Kraus, and G. Franz, Synthesis and antitumor activity of C-6 branched curdlan and lichenan derivatives, Carbohydr. Res. in press (1991).
S. Demleitner, J. Kraus, and G. Franz, Synthesis and antitumor activity of sulfoalkyl derivatives of curdlan and lichenan, Carbohydr. Res. in press (1991).
N. K. Kochetkov, A. B. Bochkov, T. A. Sokolovskaya, and V. J. Snyatkova, Modifications of the orthoester method of glycosylation, Carbohydr. Res. 16:17 (1971).
J. K. Czop, The role of ß-glucan receptors on blood and tissue leukocytes in phagocytosis and metabolic activation, Pathol. Immunopathol. Res. 5:286 (1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kraus, J., Franz, G. (1992). Immunomodulating Effects of Polysaccharides from Medicinal Plants. In: Friedman, H., Klein, T.W., Yamaguchi, H. (eds) Microbial Infections. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 319. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3434-1_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3434-1_30
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6519-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3434-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive