Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Transients In Hydroelectric Power Plants

  • Chapter
Applied Hydraulic Transients

Abstract

Various turbine operations, such as start-up, shut-down, load acceptance and rejection, produce transients in hydroelectric power plants. This chapter deals with the analysis of these transients. In this analysis, the conduits and related boundaries may be simulated utilizing the computational procedures and boundary conditions presented in Chapter 3. For a hydraulic turbine, however, special boundary conditions are needed to account for the inter-dependance of turbine head, discharge, rotational speed and gate opening.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    ∗Specific speed = \(N\sqrt{P}/{H}^{1.25}\). In the English units, P is in hp, H in ft, and N in rpm; in the Metric units, P is in kW, H in m, and N in rpm.

References

  • Anonymous, 1973, “Speed Governor Fundamentals,” Bulletin 25031, Woodward Governor Company, Rockford, IL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous, 1977, “IEEE Recommended Practice for Preparation of Equipment Specifications for Speed Governing of Hydraulic Turbines Intended to Drive Electric Generators,” Amer. Inst. of Elect. and Electronics Engrs., April.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boldy, A. P. and Walmsley, N., 1982, “Performance Characteristics of Reversible Pump Turbines,” Proc. Symp. on Operating Problems of Pump Stations and Power Plants, International Association for Hydraulic Research, vol. 3, Sept.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boldy, A. P. and Walmsley, N., 1983, “Representation of the Characteristics of Reversible Pump Turbines For Use in Waterhammer Simulations.” Proc. Fourth International Conf. on Pressure Surges, British Hydromechanics Research Association, Sept., pp. 287-296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry, M. H., 1970, “Governing Stability of a Hydroelectric Power Plant,” Water Power, London, April, pp. 131-136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry, M. H. and Ruus, E., 1970, “Analysis of Governing Stability of Hydroelectric Power Plants,” Trans., Engineering Inst. of Canada, vol. 13, June, pp. I-V.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry, M. H. and Portfors, E. A., 1973, “A Mathematical Model for Analyzing Hydraulic Transients In a Hydroelectric Powerplant,” Proc. First Canadian Hydraulic Conf., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, May 1973, p. 298-314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry, M. H., 1979, “Governing Stability of Hydraulic Turbines,” in Transient Flow and Hydromachinery, edited by Shen, H. T., Lecture Notes for Short Course, Colorado State Univ., Chap. 6.

  • Chaudhry, M. H., 1980, “A Nonlinear Mathematical Model for Analysis of Transients Caused by a Governed Francis Turbine,” Proc. Third International Conf. on Pressure Surges, British Hydromechamcs Research Assoc., England, March, pp. 301-310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Computer Applications, 2013, “A computer Program for Analyzing Water hammer in Pumping systems and Hydroelectric Powerplants,” (WH version 6.0), User’s Manual, 83 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Azzo, J. J. and Houpis, C. H., 1966, Feedback Control System Analysis and Synthesis, Second ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Enever, K. J. and Hassan, J. M., 1983, “Transients Caused by Changes in Load on a Turbogenerator Set Governed by a PID Governor,” Proc. Fourth International Conf. on Pressure Suges, British Hydromechanics Research Association, Sept., pp. 313-324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, S. G., 1973, “The Westinghouse Leading Edge Ultrasonic Flow Measuremenl System,” Presented at the Spring Meeting, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engineers, Boston, Mass., May 15-16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, J. L., 1961, “Determination of Generator Inertia,” Presenled to the Canadian Electrical Association, Halifax, Jan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hagihara, S., Yokota, H., Goda, K., and Isobe, K., 1979, “Stability of a Hydraulic Turbine Generating Unit Controlled by PlD Governor,” Presented at Inst. of Elect. and Electronics Engrs., PES Winter Meeting, New York, Feb.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hovey, L. M., 1960, “Optimum Adjustment of Governors in Hydro Generating Stations,” Engineering Journal, Engineering Inst. of Canada, Nov., pp. 64-71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hovey, L. M., 1961, “The Use of an Electronic Analog Computer for Determining Optimum Settings of Speed Governors for Hydro Generating Units,” Annual General Meeting, Eng. Inst. of Canada,Paper No.7, pp. 1-40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hovey, L. M., 1962, “Speed Regulation Tests on a Hydrostation Supplying an Isolated Load,” Trans. Amer. Inst. of Elect. Engrs., pp. 364-368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hovey, L. M., 1962, “Optimum Adjustment of Hydro Governors on Manitoba Hydro System,” Trans. Amer. Inst. of Elect. Engrs., Dec., pp. 581-486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krivehenko, G. I., Zolotov, L. A., and Klabukov, V. M., 1971, “Moment Characteristics of Cascades under NOn-stalionary Flow Conditions,” Proc. Annual Meeting, International Association for Hydraulic Research, vol. 2, Paris, pp. B11-1 - B11-9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krueger, R. E., 1980, “Selecting Hydraulic Reaction Turbines,” Engineering Monograph No. 20, United States Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, CO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lathi, B. P., 1965, Signals, Systems and Communications, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, C. S., 1982, “Transformation of Pump-Turbine Characteristics for Hydraulic Transient Analysis,” Proc. Symp. on Operating Problems of Pump Stations and Power Plants, International Association for Hydraulic Research, vol. 2, Sept.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCracken, D. D. and Dorn, W. S., 1964, Numerical Methods and Fortran Programming, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parmakian, J., 1957, “Water Hammer Design Criteria,” Jour. Power Div., Amer. Soc. of Civ. Engrs., April, pp. 1216-1-1216-8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parmakian, J., 1963, Waterhammer Analysis, Dover Publications, New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parmakian, J., 1986, Private communication with M. H. Chaudhry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paynter, H. M., 1955, “A Palimpsest on the Electronic Analogue Art,” A. Philbrick Researches, Inc., Boston, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paynter, H. M., 1972, “The Dynamics and Control of Eulerian Turbomachines,” Jour. of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engrs., vol. 94, pp. 198-205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paynter, H. M., 1979, “An Algebraic Model of a Pump Turbine,” Proc. Symp. on Pump Turbine Schemes, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engrs, June, p. 75-94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perkins, F. E., et al., 1964, “Hydropower Plant Transients,” Report 71, Parts II and III, Hydrodynamics Lab., Department of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA., Sept. 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  • Portfors, E. A. and Chaudhry, M. H., 1972, “Analysis and Prototype Verification of Hydraulic Transients in Jordan River Powerplant,” Proc. First International Conf. on Pressure Surges, Canterbury, England, British Hydromechanics Research Association, Sept., pp. E4-57 - E4-72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, T., 1947, “The Influence of Self-Regulation and of the Damping Period on the WR 2 Value of Hydroelectric Power Plant,” The Engineers’ Digest, May-June 1948 (Translated from Schweizerische Bauzeitung, vol. 5, no. 4, Sept.-Oct.

    Google Scholar 

  • Streeter, V. L., 1966, Fluid Mechanics, Fourth ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • “Mechanical Design of Hydro Plants,” Technical Report No. 24, Tennessee Valley Authority Projects, vol. 3, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thorne, D. H. and Hill, E. F., 1974, “Field Testing and Simulation of Hydraulic Turbine Governor Performance,” Trans., Inst. of Elect. and Electronics Engrs., Power Apparatus and Systems, July/Aug., pp. 1183-1191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thorne, D. H. and Hill, E. F., 1975, “Extension of Stability Boundaries of a Hydraulic Turbine Generating Unit,” Trans., Inst. of Elect. and Electronics Engrs., vol. PAS-94, July/ Aug., pp. 1401-1409.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wozniak, L., 1976, “Discussion of Transient Analysis of Variable Pitch Pump Turbines,” Jour. of Engineering for Power, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engrs., vol. 89, pp. 547-557.

    Google Scholar 

Additional References

  • Additional References

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeras, P., 1947, “Influence of Water Inertia on the Stability of Operation of a Hydroelectric System,” Engineer’s Digest, vol. 4, Jan. 1947, pp. 9-12, Feb., pp. 55-61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Araki, M. and Kuwabara, T., “Water Column Effect on Speed Control of Hydraulic Turbines and Governor Improvement,” Hitachi Review, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. SO-55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blair, P. and Wozniak, L., 1976, “Nonlinear Simulation of Hydraulic Turbine Governor Systems,” Water Power and Dam Construction, Sept.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brekke, H.,, 1974, “Stability Studies for a Governed Turbine Operating under Isolated Load Conditions,” Water Power, London, Sept., pp. 333-341.

    Google Scholar 

  • Concordia, C. and Kirchmayer, L. K., “Tie-Line Power and Frequency Control of Electric Power Systems,” Parts I and II, Trans., Amer. Inst. of Elect. Engrs., June 1953, pp. 562-572; Apr. 1954, pp. 1-14. (See also discussion by H. M. Paynter.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, N. G., 1953, “Water-Turbine Governors and the Stability of Hydroelectric Plant,” Water Power, Feb., pp. 65-76; Mar., pp. 104-109; Apr., pp. 151-154; May, pp. 191196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldwag, E., 1971, “On the Influence of Water Turbine Characteristic on Stability and Response,” Jour. Basic Engineering, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engrs., Dec., pp. 480-493.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lein, G. and Parzany, K., 1967, “Frequency Response Measurements at Vianden,” Water Power, July, pp. 283-286, Aug., pp. 323-328.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newey, R. A., 1967, “Speed Regulation Study for Bay D’Espoir Hydroelectric Generating Station,” Paper No. 67-WA/FE-17, Presented at Winter Annual Meeting, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engrs., Dec.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oldenburger, R., 1964, “Hydraulic Speed Governor with Major Governor Problems Solved,” Jour. Basic Engineering, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engrs., Paper No. 63-WA-15, pp. 1-8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petry, B. and Jensen, P., 1982, “Transients in Hydroelectric Developments: Design and Analysis Considerations on Recent Projects in Brazil,” Proc., Seminar on Hydraulic Transients, Koelle, E. and Chaudhry, M. H. (eds.), in English with Portuguese translation, vol. 2, Sao Paulo, Brazil, pp. HI-1 to I-60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schleif, F. R. and Bates, C. G., 1971, “Governing Characteristics for 820,000 Horsepower Units for Grand Coulee Third Powerplant,” Trans., Inst. of Elect. and Electronics Engrs., Power Apparatus and Systems, Mar./Apr., pp. 882-890.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, T., 1970, “Frequency Control under Isolated Network Conditions,” Water Power, Sept.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaughan, D. R., 1962, “Speed Control in Hydroelectric Power Systems,” Thesis submitted to Massachusetts Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wozniak, L. and Fett, G. H., 1972, “Conduit Representation in Closed Loop Simulation of Hydroelectric Systems,” Jour. Basic Engineering, Amer. Soc. of Mech. Engrs., Sept., pp. 599-604. (See also discussion by Chaudhry, M. H., pp. 604-605).

    Google Scholar 

  • “Waterhammer in Pumped Storage Projects,” International Symp., Amer. Soc. Mech. Engrs., Nov. 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Code of Testing of Speed Governing Systems for Hydraulic Turbines, Technical Committee No.4, Hydraulic Turbines, International Electrotechnical Commission, Feb. 1965.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    M. Hanif Chaudhry

Authors
  1. M. Hanif Chaudhry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Author

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Chaudhry, M.H. (2014). Transients In Hydroelectric Power Plants. In: Applied Hydraulic Transients. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8538-4_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8538-4_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8537-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8538-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation