Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Examining the Psychosocial Adjustment and School Performance of Ugandan Children with HIV/AIDS

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Neuropsychology of Children in Africa

Part of the book series: Specialty Topics in Pediatric Neuropsychology ((STPN))

Abstract

Every day, 1,100 children around the world are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), most as a result of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the virus [United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 2007]. In 2007 alone, an estimated 420,000 children worldwide were newly infected almost exclusively through MTCT (UNICEF 2008).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Achenbach, T. M., Becher, A., Dopfner, M., Heiervang, E., Roessner, V., Steinhausen, H. C., et al. (2008). Multicultural assessment of child and adolescent psychopathology with ASEBA and SDQ instruments: Research findings, applications, and future directions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 251–275.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA School-Age Forms & Profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2007a). Multicultural Guide for the ASEBA School-Age Forms & Profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2007b). Multicultural Supplement to the Manual for the ASEBA School-Age Forms & Profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atwine, B., Cantor-Graae, E., & Bajunirwe, F. (2005). Psychological distress among AIDS orphans in rural Uganda. Social Science & Medicine, 61, 555–564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachanas, P. J., Kullgren, K. A., Suzman Schwarz, K., Lanier, B., McDaniel, S., Smith, J., et al. (2001). Predictors of psychological adjustment in school-age children infected with HIV. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 26, 343–352.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bagenda, D., Nassali, A., Kalyesubula, I., Sherman, B., Drotar, D., Boivin, M. J., et al. (2006). Health, neurologic, and cognitive status of HIV-infected, long-surviving, and antiretroviral-­naive Ugandan children. Pediatrics, 117, 729–740.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bangirana, P., Musisi, S., Allebeck, P., Giordani, B., John, C. C., Opoka, R. O., et al. (2009). A preliminary examination of the construct validity of the KABC-II in Ugandan children with a history of cerebral malaria. African Health Sciences, 19, 186–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berube, R. L., & Achenbach, T. M. (2007). Bibliography of published studies using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) (2007th ed.). Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youths, and Families.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bikaako-Kajura, W., Luyirika, E., Purcell, D. W., Downing, J., Kaharuza, F., Mermin, J., et al. (2006). Disclosure of HIV status and adherence to daily drug regimens among HIV infected children in Uganda. AIDS and Behavior, 10, s85–s93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M. J. (2002). Effects of early cerebral malaria on cognitive ability in Senegalese children. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 23, 353–364.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M. J., Bangirana, P., Byarugaba, J., Opoka, R. O., Idro, R., Jurek, A. M., et al. (2007). Cognitive impairment after cerebral malaria in children: A prospective study. Pediatrics, 119, e360–e366.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M. J., Busman, R. A., Parikh, S. M., Page, C. F., Opoka, R. O., & Giordani, B. (2010). A pilot study of the neuropsychological benefits of computerized cognitive rehabilitation in Ugandan children with HIV. Neuropsychology, 24, 667–673.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M. J., & Giordani, B. (1993). Improvements in cognitive performance for schoolchildren in Zaire, Africa, following an iron supplement and treatment for intestinal parasites. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 18, 249–264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M. J., & Giordani, B. (2009). Neuropsychological assessment of African children: Evidence for a universal brain/behavior omnibus within a coconstructivist paradigm. Progress in Brain Research, 178, 113–135.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M. J., Giordani, B., & Bornefeld, B. (1995). Use of the Tactual Performance Test for cognitive ability testing with African children. Neuropsychology, 9, 409–417.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boyden, J., & Mann, G. (2005). Children’s risk, resilience, and coping in extreme situations. In M. Ungar (Ed.), Handbook for working with children and youth: Pathways to resilience across cultures and contexts (pp. 247–262). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaplowe, S. G., & Engo-Tjega, R. B. (2008). The role of communities & civil society organizations in response to sub-Saharan Africa’s AIDS epidemic. In E. M. Omwami, S. Commins, & E. J. Keller (Eds.), HIV/AIDS in Africa: Challenges and impact (pp. 97–144). Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engel, R. G., & Melamed, B. G. (2002). Stress and coping in children at risk for medical problems. In L. L. Hayman, M. M. Mahon, & J. R. Turner (Eds.), Chronic illness in children: An evidence-­based approach (pp. 171–198). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franklin, S., Lim, H. J., & Havens, P. L. (2007). Longitudinal Behavioral and Academic Adjustment in Children with HIV Infection. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 14, 335–343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giordani, B., Boivin, M. J., Opel, B., Dia Nseyila, D. N., & Lauer, R. E. (1996). Use of the K-ABC with children in Zaire, Africa: An evaluation of the sequential-simultaneous processing distinction within an intercultural context. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 43, 5–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hochhauser, C. J., Gaur, S., Marone, R., & Lewis, M. (2008). The impact of environmental risk factors on HIV-associated cognitive decline in children. AIDS Care, 20, 692–699.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hodge, M. (2008). HIV/AIDS, demographics and economic development. In E. M. Omwami, S. Commins, & E. J. Keller (Eds.), HIV/AIDS in Africa: Challenges and impact (pp. 7–26). Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, A. S., & Kaufman, N. L. (2004). Kaufman assessment battery for children (2nd ed.). Circle Pines, MN: AGS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kilbride, P. L., & Kilbride, J. C. (1990). Changing family life in East Africa: Women and children at risk. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirumira, E. (2008). Multi-sectoral response to HIV/AIDS in the context of global funding: Experiences from Uganda. In M. L. Foller & H. Thorn (Eds.), The politics of AIDS: Globalization, the state and civil society (pp. 87–96). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiwanuka, N., Laeyendecker, O., Robb, M., Kigozi, G., Arroyo, M., McCutchan, F., et al. (2008). Effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype on disease progression in persons from Rakai, Uganda, with incident HIV-1 Infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 197, 707–713.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koekkoek, S., de Sonneville, L. M. J., Wolfs, T. F. W., Licht, R., & Greelen, S. P. M. (2008). Neurocognitive function profile in HIV-infected school-age children. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, 12, 290–297.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li, S. (2003). Biocultural orchestration of developmental plasticity across levels: The interplay of biology and culture in shaping the mind and behavior across the life span. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 171–194.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liebenberg, L., & Ungar, M. (Eds.). (2008). Resilience in action: Working with youth across ­cultures and contexts. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masten, A. (2006). Developmental psychopathology: Pathways to the future. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 30, 47–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Misdrahi, D., Vila, G., Funk-Brentano, I., Tardieu, M., Blanche, S., & Mouren-Simeoni, M. C. (2004). DSM-IV mental disorders and neurological complications in children and adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection (HiV-1). European Psychiatry, 19, 182–184.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakiyingi, M., Kasente, D., Balihuta, A. M. (2003). Attendance patterns and causes for dropout in primary schools in Uganda. A Research Report prepared for the Ugandan Ministry of Education and Sports. Makerere University Institute of Social Research: Kampala, Uganda

    Google Scholar 

  • Nyesigomwe, L. (2006). Strengthening the capacity of grandparents in providing care to young children affected by HIV/AIDS. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 4, 55–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Hare, B. A. M., Venables, J., Nalubeg, F., Nakakeeto, M., Kibirige, M., & Southall, D. P. (2005). Home-based care for orphaned children infected with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. AIDS Care, 17, 443–450.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ronald, A. R., & Sande, M. A. (2005). HIV/AIDS care in Africa today. Clinical Infectious Disease, 40, 1045–1048.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rouet, G., Sakarovitch, C., Msellati, P., Elenga, N., Montcho, C., Viho, I., et al. (2003). Pediatric viral human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels, timing of infection, and disease progression in children. Pediatrics, 112, e289–e297.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruzindaza, C. (2001). Living positively with AIDS: An African experience. Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sacktor, N., Naasujja, N., Skolasky, R. L., Robertson, K., Musisi, S., Ronald, A., et al. (2009). Benefits and risks of stavudine therapy for HIV-associated neurologic complications in Uganda. Neurology, 72, 165–170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sacktor, N., Nakasujja, N., Skolasky, R., Robertson, K., Wong, M., Musisi, S., et al. (2006). Antiretroviral therapy improves cognitive impairments in HIV+ individuals in sub-Saharan Africa. Neurology, 67, 311–314.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shanbhag, M. C., Rutstein, R. M., Zaoutis, T., Zhao, H., Chao, D., & Radcliffe, J. (2005). Neurocognitive functioning in pediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection: Effects of combined therapy. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 159, 651–656.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R., Malee, K., Leighty, R., Brouwers, P., Mellins, C., Hittelman, J., et al. (2006). Effects of perinatal HIV infection and associated risk factors on cognitive development among young children. Pediatrics, 117, 851–862.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Speigel, H. M. L., & Bonwit, A. M. (2002). HIV infection in children. In M. Batshaw (Ed.), Children with disabilities (5th ed., pp. 123–139). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ssengonzi, R. (2009). The impact of HIV/AIDS on the living arrangements and well-being of elderly caregivers in rural Uganda. AIDS Care, 21, 309–314.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, R. B. (1987). Introduction and conceptual framework. In M. H. Rose & R. B. Thomas (Eds.), Children with chronic conditions: Nursing in a family and community context (pp. 3–12). Orlando, FL: Grune & Stratton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, R. J., & Gustafson, K. E. (1996). Adaptation to chronic childhood illness. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • UNAIDS. (2007). Report on the global AIDS epidemic: Joint United Nations programmes on HIV/AIDS.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNICEF (2008). Children and HIV/AIDS. Retrieved April 26, 2008, from http://www.unicef.org/aids/

  • Ungar, M. (2008). Putting resilience theory into action: Five principles for intervention. In L. Liebenberg & M. Ungar (Eds.), Resilience in action: Working with youth across cultures and contexts (pp. 17–36). Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wertlieb, D., Weigel, C., & Feldstein, M. (1987). Measuring children’s coping. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 57, 548–560.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whyte, S. R. (1998). Slow cookers and madmen: Competence of heart and head in rural Uganda. In R. Jenkins (Ed.), Questions of competence: Culture, classification and intellectual disability. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by R34MH084782 (Boivin, Giordani) and a University of Michigan Global Reach Faculty Development Award (Giordani, Boivin). Anne B. Giordani, Ph.D., ELS, provided substantial editorial assistance in this chapter, and her contributions are much appreciated.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    Rachelle A. Busman Ph.D.

  2. Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, 439 Erickson Hall, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    Evelyn Oka Ph.D.

  3. Neuropsychology Section, Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, University of Michigan, 2101 Commonwealth Blvd, Suite C, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA

    Bruno Giordani Ph.D.

  4. Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology/Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, 965 Fee Road, Room A227, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    Michael J. Boivin Ph.D.

  5. Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychology Section, 2101 Commonwealth Blvd, Suite C, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Michael J. Boivin Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Rachelle A. Busman Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Evelyn Oka Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bruno Giordani Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Michael J. Boivin Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rachelle A. Busman Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Psychiatry and Neurology/Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, West Fee Hall 324, East Lansing, 48824-1315, Michigan, USA

    Michael J. Boivin

  2. , Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Commonwealth Blvd, Suite C 2101, Ann Arbor, 48105, Michigan, USA

    Bruno Giordani

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Busman, R.A., Oka, E., Giordani, B., Boivin, M.J. (2013). Examining the Psychosocial Adjustment and School Performance of Ugandan Children with HIV/AIDS. In: Boivin, M., Giordani, B. (eds) Neuropsychology of Children in Africa. Specialty Topics in Pediatric Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6834-9_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation