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Role of Reactive Stroma in Prostate Cancer

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Prostate Cancer

Part of the book series: Protein Reviews ((PRON,volume 16))

Abstract

Reactive stroma initiates at sites of epithelial damage to mediate tissue repair and restore homeostasis. Genomic instability of epithelial cells at sites of early lesions such as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia produces a similar breach of the epithelial barrier and an initiation of reactive stroma. Reactive stromal cells, termed myofibroblasts and carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, have been shown to originate potentially from several sources including tissue fibroblasts, resident stromal stem cells, vascular cells, and marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Several growth factors such as transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-8 induce reactive stroma and regulate several downstream factors expressed in reactive stroma. Reactive stroma in prostate cancer is heterogeneous, and the amount of reactive stroma is predictive of disease progression. The heterogeneity of cells in reactive stroma is possibly a key aspect of the tumor-promoting properties. It is likely that reactive stroma biology is an important aspect of tumor progression to metastasis and acquired therapeutic resistance. Targeting the tumor microenvironment reactive stroma together with direct targeting of cancer cells may represent an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of prostate cancer.

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  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, 514B, BCM130, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Rebeca San Martin M.S. & David R. Rowley Ph.D.

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  1. Rebeca San Martin M.S.
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  2. David R. Rowley Ph.D.
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Correspondence to David R. Rowley Ph.D. .

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  1. , Depts of Urology, and, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 1st Street SW., Rochester, 55905, Minnesota, USA

    Donald J. Tindall

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Martin, R.S., Rowley, D.R. (2013). Role of Reactive Stroma in Prostate Cancer. In: Tindall, D. (eds) Prostate Cancer. Protein Reviews, vol 16. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6828-8_2

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