Abstract
Oxidative stress is becoming to be recognized as a relevant process at play in rheumatic diseases. Certain novel biochemical players were identified and appear to be related with the severity and progression of the different rheumatic diseases. Adipocytes synthesize and secrete a wide variety of factors called adipokines, which are involved in many different physiological processes and diseases. These adipose tissue-derived factors seem also to be involved in the pathophysiology of rheumatic disorders by regulating also oxidative stress at vascular and joint tissues level.
In this chapter, we discuss the relationships between adipokines and different arthropathies and their complications, as well as their liaison with oxidative stress.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- AdipoR1:
-
Adiponectin receptor 1
- AdipoR2:
-
Adiponectin receptor 2
- ADSF:
-
Adipocyte-secreted factor
- ALP:
-
Alkaline phosphatase
- AS:
-
Ankylosing spondylitis
- CART:
-
Cocaine- and amphetamine-related transcript
- CRP:
-
C-reactive protein
- CVD:
-
Cardiovascular diseases
- eNOS:
-
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- FIZZ3:
-
Inflammatory zone 3
- GH:
-
Growth hormone
- IGF-1:
-
Insulin growth factor-1
- IL:
-
Interleukin
- IL-1Ra:
-
IL-1 receptor antagonist
- IR:
-
Insulin resistance
- LDL:
-
Low-density lipoprotein
- MCP-1:
-
Monocyte chemotactic protein 1
- MMP:
-
Matrix metalloproteinase
- Nampt:
-
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase
- NO:
-
Nitric oxide
- NPY:
-
Neuropeptide Y
- OA:
-
Osteoarthritis
- PAI-1:
-
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
- PBEF:
-
Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor
- PBMCs:
-
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PGE2 :
-
Prostaglandin E2
- RA:
-
Rheumatoid arthritis
- RLM:
-
Resistin-like molecules
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- sdLDL-C:
-
Small dense low-density lipoprotein subclasses
- SF:
-
Synovial fluid
- sIL-6R:
-
Soluble IL-6 receptor
- SLE:
-
Systemic lupus erythematosus
- TGF-β:
-
Transforming growth factor-β
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor necrosis factor-α
- WAT:
-
White adipose tissue
References
Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M et al (1994) Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 372:425–432
Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Mantzoros C et al (1996) Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting. Nature 382:250–252
Gualillo O, Eiras S, Lago F et al (2000) Elevated serum leptin concentrations induced by experimental acute inflammation. Life Sci 67:2433–2441
Beltowski J (2006) Leptin and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 189:47–60
Lago F, Dieguez C, Gomez-Reino J et al (2007) The emerging role of adipokines as mediators of inflammation and immune responses. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 18:313–325
O’Rourke RW (2009) Inflammation in obesity-related diseases. Surgery 145:255–259
Sierra-Johnson J, Romero-Corral A, Lopez-Jimenez F et al (2007) Relation of increased leptin concentrations to history of myocardial infarction and stroke in the United States population. Am J Cardiol 100:234–239
Karaduman M, Oktenli C, Musabak U et al (2006) Leptin, soluble interleukin-6 receptor, C-reactive protein and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in human coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Clin Exp Immunol 143:452–457
Rus HG, Vlaicu R, Niculescu F (1996) Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 protein and gene expression in human arterial atherosclerotic wall. Atherosclerosis 127:263–271
Zwaka TP, Hombach V, Torzewski J (2001) C-reactive protein-mediated low density lipoprotein uptake by macrophages: implications for atherosclerosis. Circulation 103:1194–1197
Zeidan A, Purdham DM, Rajapurohitam V et al (2005) Leptin induces vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy through angiotensin II- and endothelin-1-dependent mechanisms and mediates stretch-induced hypertrophy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 315:1075–1084
Li L, Mamputu JC, Wiernsperger N et al (2005) Signaling pathways involved in human vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression induced by leptin: inhibitory effect of metformin. Diabetes 54:2227–2234
Park HY, Kwon HM, Lim HJ et al (2001) Potential role of leptin in angiogenesis: leptin induces endothelial cell proliferation and expression of matrix metalloproteinases in vivo and in vitro. Exp Mol Med 33:95–102
Quehenberger P, Exner M, Sunder-Plassmann R et al (2002) Leptin induces endothelin-1 in endothelial cells in vitro. Circ Res 90:711–718
Maingrette F, Renier G (2003) Leptin increases lipoprotein lipase secretion by macrophages: involvement of oxidative stress and protein kinase C. Diabetes 52:2121–2128
Nakata M, Yada T, Soejima N et al (1999) Leptin promotes aggregation of human platelets via the long form of its receptor. Diabetes 48:426–429
Corsonello A, Malara A, Ientile R et al (2002) Leptin enhances adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation in healthy subjects. Obes Res 10:306
Singh P, Hoffmann M, Wolk R et al (2007) Leptin induces C-reactive protein expression in vascular endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:e302–e307
Singh P, Peterson TE, Sert-Kuniyoshi FH et al (2011) Leptin upregulates caveolin-1 expression: implications for development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 217:499–502
Frank PG, Hassan GS, Rodriguez-Feo JA et al (2007) Caveolae and caveolin-1: novel potential targets for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Curr Pharm Des 13:1761–1769
Fernandez-Hernando C, Yu J, Suarez Y et al (2009) Genetic evidence supporting a critical role of endothelial caveolin-1 during the progression of atherosclerosis. Cell Metab 10:48–54
Singh P, Peterson TE, Barber KR et al (2010) Leptin upregulates the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 392:47–52
Lijnen HR (2005) Pleiotropic functions of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. J Thromb Haemost 3:35–45
Sobel BE, Taatjes DJ, Schneider DJ (2003) Intramural plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 and coronary atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23:1979–1989
Eitzman DT, Westrick RJ, Xu Z et al (2000) Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency protects against atherosclerosis progression in the mouse carotid artery. Blood 96:4212–4215
Schneiderman J, Sawdey MS, Keeton MR et al (1992) Increased type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor gene expression in atherosclerotic human arteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 6998–7002
Galili O, Versari D, Sattler KJ et al (2007) Early experimental obesity is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292: H904–H911
Takeda S, Karsenty G (2008) Molecular bases of the sympathetic regulation of bone mass. Bone 42:837–840
Otero M, Gomez Reino JJ, Gualillo O (2003) Synergistic induction of nitric oxide synthase type II: in vitro effect of leptin and interferon-gamma in human chondrocytes and ATDC5 chondrogenic cells. Arthritis Rheum 48:404–409
Otero M, Lago R, Gomez R et al (2006) Changes in plasma levels of fat-derived hormones adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 65:1198–1201
Yoshino T, Kusunoki N, Tanaka N et al (2011) Elevated serum levels of resistin, leptin, and adiponectin are associated with C-reactive protein and also other clinical conditions in rheumatoid arthritis. Intern Med 50:269–275
Hizmetli S, Kisa M, Gokalp N et al (2007) Are plasma and synovial fluid leptin levels correlated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis ? Rheumatol Int 27:335–338
Lee SW, Park MC, Park YB et al (2007) Measurement of the serum leptin level could assist disease activity monitoring in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 27:537–540
Targonska-Stepniak B, Majdan M, Dryglewska M (2008) Leptin serum levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients: relation to disease duration and activity. Rheumatol Int 28:585–591
Targonska-Stepniak B, Dryglewska M, Majdan M (2010) Adiponectin and leptin serum concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 30:731–737
Olama SM, Senna MK, Elarman M (2012) Synovial/serum leptin ratio in rheumatoid arthritis: the association with activity and erosion. Rheumatol Int 32:683–690
Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Unzueta MT, Berja A et al (2009) Anti-TNF-alpha therapy does not modulate leptin in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 27: 222–228
Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Llorca J, Sanchez-Andrade A et al (2006) Short-term adalimumab therapy improves endo-thelial function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to infliximab. Clin Exp Rheumatol 24:309–312
Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Unzueta MT, De Matias JM et al (2006) Influence of anti-TNF-alpha infliximab therapy on adhesion molecules associated with atherogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 24:373–379
Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Testa A, Garcia-Castelo A et al (2003) HLA-DRB1 status affects endothelial function in treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Med 114:647–652
Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Palomino-Morales R et al (2011) TNFA-308 (rs1800629) polymorphism is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Atherosclerosis 216:125–130
Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Garcia-Bermudez M et al (2011) CCR5Delta32 variant and cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 13:R133
Garcia-Bermudez M, Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L et al (2011) Lack of association between LEP rs2167270 (19 G>A) polymorphism and disease susceptibility and cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 29:293–298
Fraser DA, Thoen J, Reseland JE et al (1999) Decreased CD4+ lymphocyte activation and increased interleukin-4 production in peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis patients after acute starvation. Clin Rheumatol 18:394–401
Harle P, Sarzi-Puttini P, Cutolo M et al (2006) No change of serum levels of leptin and adiponectin during anti-tumour necrosis factor antibody treatment with adalimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 65:970–971
Derdemezis CS, Filippatos TD, Voulgari PV et al (2009) Effects of a 6-month infliximab treatment on plasma levels of leptin and adiponectin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 23:595–600
Otvos L Jr, Shao WH, Vanniasinghe AS et al (2011) Toward understanding the role of leptin and leptin receptor antagonism in preclinical models of rheumatoid arthritis. Peptides 32:1567–1574
Tong KM, Shieh DC, Chen CP et al (2008) Leptin induces IL-8 expression via leptin receptor, IRS-1, PI3K, Akt cascade and promotion of NF-kappaB/p300 binding in human synovial fibroblasts. Cell Signal 20:1478–1488
Procaccini C, Carbone F, Galgani M et al (2011) Obesity and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 7:287–294
Notley CA, Ehrenstein MR (2010) The yin and yang of regulatory T cells and inflammation in RA. Nat Rev Rheumatol 6:572–577
Dumond H, Presle N, Terlain B et al (2003) Evidence for a key role of leptin in osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 48:3118–3129
Presle N, Pottie P, Dumond H et al (2006) Differential distribution of adipokines between serum and synovial fluid in patients with osteoarthritis. Contribution of joint tissues to their articular production. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 14:690–695
Ku JH, Lee CK, Joo BS et al (2009) Correlation of synovial fluid leptin concentrations with the severity of osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 28:1431–1435
Simopoulou T, Malizos KN, Iliopoulos D et al (2007) Differential expression of leptin and leptin’s receptor isoform (Ob-Rb) mRNA between advanced and minimally affected osteoarthritic cartilage; effect on cartilage metabolism. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 15:872–883
Griffin TM, Huebner JL, Kraus VB et al (2009) Extreme obesity due to impaired leptin signaling in mice does not cause knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 60:2935–2944
Gomez R, Scotece M, Conde J et al (2011) Adiponectin and leptin increase IL-8 production in human chondrocytes. Ann Rheum Dis 70:2052–2054
Otero M, Lago R, Lago F et al (2005) Signalling pathway involved in nitric oxide synthase type II activation in chondrocytes: synergistic effect of leptin with interleukin-1. Arthritis Res Ther 7:R581–R591
Vuolteenaho K, Koskinen A, Kukkonen M et al (2009) Leptin enhances synthesis of proinflammatory mediators in human osteoarthritic cartilage – mediator role of NO in leptin-induced PGE2, IL-6, and IL-8 production. Mediators Inflamm 2009:345838
Mutabaruka MS, Aoulad Aissa M, Delalandre A et al (2010) Local leptin production in osteoarthritis subchondral osteoblasts may be responsible for their abnormal phenotypic expression. Arthritis Res Ther 12:R20
Garcia-Gonzalez A, Gonzalez-Lopez L, Valera-Gonzalez IC et al (2002) Serum leptin levels in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 22:138–141
Sada KE, Yamasaki Y, Maruyama M et al (2006) Altered levels of adipocytokines in association with insulin resistance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 33: 1545–1552
Elwakkad AS, Said RN, Muhammad SI et al (2007) Role for leptin and prolactin in human juvenile rheumatic diseases. Pak J Biol Sci 10:1984–1989
Vadacca M, Margiotta D, Rigon A et al (2009) Adipokines and systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk factors. J Rheumatol 36:295–297
Chung CP, Long AG, Solus JF et al (2009) Adipocytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to inflammation, insulin resistance and coronary atherosclerosis. Lupus 18: 799–806
Hahn BH, Lourencco EV, McMahon M et al (2010) Pro-inflammatory high-density lipoproteins and atherosclerosis are induced in lupus-prone mice by a high-fat diet and leptin. Lupus 19:913–917
De Sanctis JB, Zabaleta M, Bianco NE et al (2009) Serum adipokine levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 42:272–274
Wislowska M, Rok M, Stepien K et al (2008) Serum leptin in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 28:467–473
Hulejova H, Levitova A, Kuklova M et al (2012) No effect of physiotherapy on the serum levels of adipocytokines in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol 31:67–71
Toussirot E, Streit G, Nguyen NU et al (2007) Adipose tissue, serum adipokines, and ghrelin in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Metabolism 56:1383–1389
Sari I, Demir T, Kozaci LD et al (2007) Body composition, insulin, and leptin levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol 26:1427–1432
Park MC, Lee SW, Choi ST et al (2007) Serum leptin levels correlate with interleukin-6 levels and disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Scand J Rheumatol 36:101–106
Park MC, Chung SJ, Park YB et al (2009) Pro-inflammatory effect of leptin on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Joint Bone Spine 76:170–175
Kadowaki T, Yamauchi T (2005) Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors. Endocr Rev 26: 439–451
Oh DK, Ciaraldi T, Henry RR (2007) Adiponectin in health and disease. Diabetes Obes Metab 9:282–289
Whitehead JP, Richards AA, Hickman IJ et al (2006) Adiponectin – a key adipokine in the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Obes Metab 8:264–280
Maeda N, Takahashi M, Funahashi T et al (2001) PPARgamma ligands increase expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipose-derived protein. Diabetes 50:2094–2099
Yamauchi T, Nio Y, Maki T et al (2007) Targeted disruption of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 causes abrogation of adiponectin binding and metabolic actions. Nat Med 13:332–339
Stumvoll M, Tschritter O, Fritsche A et al (2002) Association of the T-G polymorphism in adiponectin (exon 2) with obesity and insulin sensitivity: interaction with family history of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 51:37–41
Zhu W, Cheng KK, Vanhoutte PM et al (2008) Vascular effects of adiponectin: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic intervention. Clin Sci (Lond) 114:361–374
Wang ZV, Scherer PE (2008) Adiponectin, cardiovascular function, and hypertension. Hypertension 51:8–14
Chow WS, Cheung BM, Tso AW et al (2007) Hypoadiponectinemia as a predictor for the development of hypertension: a 5-year prospective study. Hypertension 49:1455–1461
Tsioufis C, Dimitriadis K, Selima M et al (2007) Low-grade inflammation and hypoadiponectinaemia have an additive detrimental effect on aortic stiffness in essential hypertensive patients. Eur Heart J 28:1162–1169
Iwashima Y, Katsuya T, Ishikawa K et al (2004) Hypoadiponectinemia is an independent risk factor for hypertension. Hypertension 43:1318–1323
Ong KL, Jiang CQ, Liu B et al (2011) Association of a genetic variant in the apolipoprotein A5 gene with the metabolic syndrome in Chinese. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 74:206–213
Trujillo ME, Scherer PE (2006) Adipose tissue-derived factors: impact on health and disease. Endocr Rev 27:762–778
Hopkins TA, Ouchi N, Shibata R et al (2007) Adiponectin actions in the cardiovascular system. Cardiovasc Res 74:11–18
Matsuda M, Shimomura I, Sata M et al (2002) Role of adiponectin in preventing vascular stenosis. The missing link of adipo-vascular axis. J Biol Chem 277:37487–37491
Wang Y, Lam KS, Xu JY et al (2005) Adiponectin inhibits cell proliferation by interacting with several growth factors in an oligomerization-dependent manner. J Biol Chem 280:18341–18347
Motobayashi Y, Izawa-Ishizawa Y, Ishizawa K et al (2009) Adiponectin inhibits insulin-like growth factor-1-induced cell migration by the suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation, but not Akt in vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypertens Res 32:188–193
Ouchi N, Kihara S, Arita Y et al (2001) Adipocyte-derived plasma protein, adiponectin, suppresses lipid accumulation and class A scavenger receptor expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Circulation 103:1057–1063
Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Matsuura F, Koseki M et al (2008) Adiponectin prevents atherosclerosis by increasing cholesterol efflux from macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 375:390–394
Tsatsanis C, Zacharioudaki V, Androulidaki A et al (2005) Adiponectin induces TNF-alpha and IL-6 in macrophages and promotes tolerance to itself and other pro-inflammatory stimuli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 335:1254–1263
Ouedraogo R, Wu X, Xu SQ et al (2006) Adiponectin suppression of high-glucose-induced reactive oxygen species in vascular endothelial cells: evidence for involvement of a cAMP signaling pathway. Diabetes 55:1840–1846
Motoshima H, Wu X, Mahadev K et al (2004) Adiponectin suppresses proliferation and superoxide generation and enhances eNOS activity in endothelial cells treated with oxidized LDL. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 315:264–271
Kim JE, Song SE, Kim YW et al (2010) Adiponectin inhibits palmitate-induced apoptosis through suppression of reactive oxygen species in endothelial cells: involvement of cAMP/protein kinase A and AMP-activated protein kinase. J Endocrinol 207:35–44
Goldstein BJ, Scalia RG, Ma XL (2009) Protective vascular and myocardial effects of adiponectin. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 6:27–35
Tao L, Gao E, Jiao X et al (2007) Adiponectin cardioprotection after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion involves the reduction of oxidative/nitrative stress. Circulation 115: 1408–1416
Pischon T, Girman CJ, Hotamisligil GS et al (2004) Plasma adiponectin levels and risk of myocardial infarction in men. JAMA 291:1730–1737
Schulze MB, Shai I, Rimm EB et al (2005) Adiponectin and future coronary heart disease events among men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 54:534–539
Wolk R, Berger P, Lennon RJ et al (2007) Association between plasma adiponectin levels and unstable coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 28:292–298
Reasons M, Ricart W, Fernandez-Real JM (2004) [Obesity and inflammation]. Rev Med Univ Navarra 48:49–54
Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M et al (2004) Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest 114:1752–1761
Ouedraogo R, Gong Y, Berzins B et al (2007) Adiponectin deficiency increases leukocyte-endothelium interactions via upregulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules in vivo. J Clin Invest 117:1718–1726
Schaffler A, Ehling A, Neumann E et al (2003) Adipocytokines in synovial fluid. JAMA 290:1709–1710
Ozgen M, Koca SS, Dagli N et al (2010) Serum adiponectin and vaspin levels in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Med Res 41:457–463
Rho YH, Solus J, Sokka T et al (2009) Adipocytokines are associated with radiographic joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 60:1906–1914
El-Barbary AM, Hussein MS, Rageh EM et al (2011) Effect of atorvastatin on inflammation and modification of vascular risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 38:229–235
Senolt L, Pavelka K, Housa D et al (2006) Increased adiponectin is negatively linked to the local inflammatory process in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cytokine 35:247–252
Tan W, Wang F, Zhang M et al (2009) High adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 expression in synovial fluids and synovial tissues of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 38:420–427
Gonzalez-Gay MA, Llorca J, Garcia-Unzueta MT et al (2008) High-grade inflammation, circulating adiponectin concentrations and cardiovascular risk factors in severe rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 26:596–603
Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Llorca J, Martin J et al (2009) Carotid intima-media thickness predicts the development of cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 38:366–371
Gonzalez-Gay MA, Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L et al (2011) Lack of association between adipokines and ghrelin and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 29:358–359
Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Garcia-Bermudez M, Gonzalez-Juanatey C et al (2011) Lack of association between ADIPOQ rs266729 and ADIPOQ rs1501299 polymorphisms and cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Tissue Antigens 77:74–78
Kusunoki N, Kitahara K, Kojima F et al (2010) Adiponectin stimulates prostaglandin E(2) production in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Arthritis Rheum 62:1641–1649
Kitahara K, Kusunoki N, Kakiuchi T et al (2009) Adiponectin stimulates IL-8 production by rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 378:218–223
Ehling A, Schaffler A, Herfarth H et al (2006) The potential of adiponectin in driving arthritis. J Immunol 176:4468–4478
Lago R, Gomez R, Otero M et al (2008) A new player in cartilage homeostasis: adiponectin induces nitric oxide synthase type II and pro-inflammatory cytokines in chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 16:1101–1109
Lee YA, Choi HM, Lee SH et al (2012) Synergy between adiponectin and interleukin-1b on the expression of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and cyclooxygenase-2 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Exp Mol Med 44(7):440–447
Koskinen A, Juslin S, Nieminen R et al (2011) Adiponectin associates with markers of cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis and induces production of proinflammatory and catabolic factors through mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Arthritis Res Ther 13:R184
Frommer KW, Zimmermann B, Meier FM et al (2010) Adiponectin-mediated changes in effector cells involved in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 62: 2886–2899
Frommer KW, Schaffler A, Buchler C et al (2012) Adiponectin isoforms: a potential therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis 71(10):1724–1732
Al M, Ng L, Tyrrell P et al (2009) Adipokines as novel biomarkers in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 48:497–501
Vadacca M, Zardi EM, Margiotta D et al (2011) Leptin, adiponectin and vascular stiffness parameters in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Intern Emerge Med. ISSN 1970-9366. doi: 10.1007/s11739-011-0726-0
Rovin BH, Song H, Hebert LA et al (2005) Plasma, urine, and renal expression of adiponectin in human systemic lupus erythematosus. Kidney Int 68:1825–1833
Aprahamian T, Bonegio RG, Richez C et al (2009) The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist rosiglitazone ameliorates murine lupus by induction of adiponectin. J Immunol 182:340–346
McMahon M, Skaggs BJ, Sahakian L et al (2011) High plasma leptin levels confer increased risk of atherosclerosis in women with systemic lupus erythematosus, and are associated with inflammatory oxidised lipids. Ann Rheum Dis 70:1619–1624
Katsiougiannis S, Kapsogeorgou EK, Manoussakis MN et al (2006) Salivary gland epithelial cells: a new source of the immunoregulatory hormone adiponectin. Arthritis Rheum 54: 2295–2299
Katsiougiannis S, Tenta R, Skopouli FN (2010) Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by adiponectin rescues salivary gland epithelial cells from spontaneous and interferon-gamma-induced apoptosis. Arthritis Rheum 62:414–419
Samal B, Sun Y, Stearns G et al (1994) Cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding a novel human pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor. Mol Cell Biol 14:1431–1437
Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M et al (2005) Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science 307:426–430
Friebe D, Neef M, Kratzsch J et al (2011) Leucocytes are a major source of circulating nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)/pre-B cell colony (PBEF)/visfatin linking obesity and inflammation in humans. Diabetologia 54:1200–1211
Catalan V, Gomez-Ambrosi J, Rodriguez A et al (2011) Association of increased visfatin/PBEF/NAMPT circulating concentrations and gene expression levels in peripheral blood cells with lipid metabolism and fatty liver in human morbid obesity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 21:245–253
Curat CA, Wegner V, Sengenes C et al (2006) Macrophages in human visceral adipose tissue: increased accumulation in obesity and a source of resistin and visfatin. Diabetologia 49: 744–747
Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M et al (2007) Retraction. Science 318:565
Jia SH, Li Y, Parodo J et al (2004) Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor inhibits neutrophil apoptosis in experimental inflammation and clinical sepsis. J Clin Invest 113:1318–1327
Zhong M, Tan HW, Gong HP et al (2008) Increased serum visfatin in patients with metabolic syndrome and carotid atherosclerosis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 69:878–884
Dahl TB, Yndestad A, Skjelland M et al (2007) Increased expression of visfatin in macrophages of human unstable carotid and coronary atherosclerosis: possible role in inflammation and plaque destabilization. Circulation 115:972–980
Spiroglou SG, Kostopoulos CG, Varakis JN et al (2010) Adipokines in periaortic and epicardial adipose tissue: differential expression and relation to atherosclerosis. J Atheroscler Thromb 17:115–130
Filippatos TD, Tsimihodimos V, Derdemezis CS et al (2011) Increased plasma visfatin concentration is a marker of an atherogenic metabolic profile Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. ISSN: 1590-3729. doi: S0939-4753(11)00167-0 [pii] 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.07.002
Adya R, Tan BK, Chen J et al (2009) Pre-B cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF)/visfatin induces secretion of MCP-1 in human endothelial cells: role in visfatin-induced angiogenesis. Atherosclerosis 205:113–119
Lovren F, Pan Y, Shukla PC et al (2009) Visfatin activates eNOS via Akt and MAP kinases and improves endothelial cell function and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo: translational implications for atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 296:E1440–E1449
Senolt L, Krystufkova O, Hulejova H et al (2011) The level of serum visfatin (PBEF) is associated with total number of B cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and decreases following B cell depletion therapy. Cytokine 55:116–121
Brentano F, Schorr O, Ospelt C et al (2007) Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor/visfatin, a new marker of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis with proinflammatory and matrix-degrading activities. Arthritis Rheum 56:2829–2839
Klein-Wieringa IR, van der Linden MP, Knevel R et al (2011) Baseline serum adipokine levels predict radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 63:2567–2574
Gonzalez-Gay MA, Vazquez-Rodriguez TR, Garcia-Unzueta MT et al (2010) Visfatin is not associated with inflammation or metabolic syndrome in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis undergoing anti-TNF-alpha therapy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 28:56–62
Moschen AR, Kaser A, Enrich B et al (2007) Visfatin, an adipocytokine with proinflammatory and immunomodulating properties. J Immunol 178:1748–1758
Busso N, Karababa M, Nobile M et al (2008) Pharmacological inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/visfatin enzymatic activity identifies a new inflammatory pathway linked to NAD. PLoS One 3:e2267
Garcia-Bermudez M, Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L et al (2011) Lack of association of NAMPT rs9770242 and rs59744560 polymorphisms with disease susceptibility and cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 29: 681–688
Gosset M, Berenbaum F, Salvat C et al (2008) Crucial role of visfatin/pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor in matrix degradation and prostaglandin E2 synthesis in chondrocytes: possible influence on osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 58:1399–1409
Duan Y, Hao D, Li M et al (2012) Increased synovial fluid visfatin is positively linked to cartilage degradation biomarkers in osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int 32:985–990
Ozgen M, Koca SS, Aksoy K et al (2011) Visfatin levels and intima-media thicknesses in rheumatic diseases. Clin Rheumatol 30:757–763
Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S et al (2001) The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature 409:307–312
Degawa-Yamauchi M, Bovenkerk JE, Juliar BE et al (2003) Serum resistin (FIZZ3) protein is increased in obese humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:5452–5455
McTernan PG, McTernan CL, Chetty R et al (2002) Increased resistin gene and protein expression in human abdominal adipose tissue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:2407
Steppan CM, Brown EJ, Wright CM et al (2001) A family of tissue-specific resistin-like molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:502–506
Heilbronn LK, Rood J, Janderova L et al (2004) Relationship between serum resistin concentrations and insulin resistance in nonobese, obese, and obese diabetic subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89:1844–1848
Lee JH, Chan JL, Yiannakouris N et al (2003) Circulating resistin levels are not associated with obesity or insulin resistance in humans and are not regulated by fasting or leptin administration: cross-sectional and interventional studies in normal, insulin-resistant, and diabetic subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:4848–4856
Jamaluddin MS, Weakley SM, Yao Q et al (2012) Resistin: functional roles and therapeutic considerations for cardiovascular disease. Br J Pharmacol 165:622–632
Espinola-Klein C, Gori T, Blankenberg S et al (2011) Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk in the metabolic syndrome. Front Biosci 16:1663–1674
Wang H, Chen DY, Cao J et al (2009) High serum resistin level may be an indicator of the severity of coronary disease in acute coronary syndrome. Chin Med Sci J 24:161–166
Hu WL, Qiao SB, Hou Q et al (2007) Plasma resistin is increased in patients with unstable angina. Chin Med J (Engl) 120:871–875
Chu S, Ding W, Li K et al (2008) Plasma resistin associated with myocardium injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Circ J 72:1249–1253
Jung HS, Park KH, Cho YM et al (2006) Resistin is secreted from macrophages in atheromas and promotes atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 69:76–85
Langheim S, Dreas L, Veschini L et al (2010) Increased expression and secretion of resistin in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 298:H746–H753
Melone M, Wilsie L, Palyha O et al (2012) Discovery of a new role of human resistin in hepatocyte low-density lipoprotein receptor suppression mediated in part by proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. J Am Coll Cardiol 59:1697–1705
Forsblad d’Elia H, Pullerits R, Carlsten H et al (2008) Resistin in serum is associated with higher levels of IL-1Ra in post-menopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 47:1082–1087
Senolt L, Housa D, Vernerova Z et al (2007) Resistin in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue, synovial fluid and serum. Ann Rheum Dis 66:458–463
Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Garcia-Bermudez M, Gonzalez-Juanatey C et al (2011) Lack of association between RETN rs1862513 polymorphism and cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Exp Rheumatol 29:19–25
Bokarewa M, Nagaev I, Dahlberg L et al (2005) Resistin, an adipokine with potent proinflammatory properties. J Immunol 174:5789–5795
Bostrom EA, Svensson M, Andersson S et al (2011) Resistin and insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 63:2894–2904
Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Unzueta MT, Gonzalez-Juanatey C et al (2008) Anti-TNF-alpha therapy modulates resistin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 26: 311–316
Son YM, Ahn SM, Kim GR et al (2010) Resistin enhances the expansion of regulatory T cells through modulation of dendritic cells. BMC Immunol 11:33
Krysiak R, Handzlik-Orlik G, Okopien B (2012) The role of adipokines in connective tissue diseases. Eur J Nutr 51(5):513–528
Almehed K, d’Elia HF, Bokarewa M et al (2008) Role of resistin as a marker of inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 10:R15
Kocabas H, Kocabas V, Buyukbas S et al (2012) The serum levels of resistin in ankylosing spondylitis patients: a pilot study. Rheumatol Int 32:699–702
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Scotece, M. et al. (2013). Adipokines, Molecular Players at the Crossroad Between Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Role in Arthropathies. In: Alcaraz, M., Gualillo, O., Sánchez-Pernaute, O. (eds) Studies on Arthritis and Joint Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6166-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6166-1_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-6165-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6166-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)