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Radiotherapy and the Tumor Microenvironment: Mutual Influence and Clinical Implications

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Tumor Microenvironment and Cellular Stress

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 772))

Abstract

Ionizing radiation has been employed in targeted cancer treatments for more than a century because of its cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. However, the responsiveness to radiation and the behavior of tumors in vivo may differ dramatically from observed behaviors of isolated cancer cells in vitro. While not fully understood, these discrepancies are due to a complex constellation of extracellular and intercellular factors that are together termed the tumor microenvironment. Radiation may alter or affect the components of the adjacent tumor microenvironment in significant ways, often with consequences for cancer cells beyond the direct effects of the radiation itself. Moreover, different microenvironmental states, whether induced or at baseline, can modulate or even attenuate the effects of radiation, with consequences for therapeutic efficacy. This chapter describes this bidirectional relationship in detail, exploring the role and clinical implications of the tumor microenvironment with respect to therapeutic irradiation.

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  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, TRC 2West, Philadelphia, 19104, PA, USA

    Reid F. Thompson M.D., Ph.D. & Amit Maity M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Reid F. Thompson M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Amit Maity M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Reid F. Thompson M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Constantinos Koumenis

  2. Cancer Research, Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology, Oxford, United Kingdom

    Ester Hammond

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA

    Amato Giaccia

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© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Thompson, R.F., Maity, A. (2014). Radiotherapy and the Tumor Microenvironment: Mutual Influence and Clinical Implications. In: Koumenis, C., Hammond, E., Giaccia, A. (eds) Tumor Microenvironment and Cellular Stress. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 772. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5915-6_7

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