Skip to main content

Forward Planning Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy Techniques

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Principles and Practice of Modern Radiotherapy Techniques in Breast Cancer
  • 2258 Accesses

Abstract

Ionizing radiation has a major role in the treatment of breast cancer. For early-stage disease breast conserving surgery (BCS) with axillary or sentinel lymph node dissection followed by whole-breast irradiation is the standard of care. Adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with high risk for locoregional recurrence increases the overall survival, disease-free survival, and local control rates (LCR) [1–4].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 149.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Clarke M, Collins R, Darby S, et al. Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet. 2005;366:2087–106.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Overgaard M, Hansen PS, Overgaard J, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk premenopausal women with breast cancer who receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group 82b Trial. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:949–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Overgaard M, Jensen MB, Overgaard J, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk postmenopausal breast-cancer patients given adjuvant tamoxifen: Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group DBCG 82c randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;353:1641–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ragaz J, Olivotto IA, Spinelli JJ, et al. N Locoregional radiation therapy in patients with high-risk breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: 20-year results of the British Columbia randomized trial. JNCI. 2005;97:116–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Nutting C, A’Hern R, Rogers MS, et al. First results of a phase III multi-center randomized controlled trial of intensity modulated (IMRT) versus conventional radiotherapy (RT) in head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:18s(Suppl);abst LBA6006.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Morris DE, Emami B, Mauch PM, et al. Evidence-based review of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: an ASTRO outcomes initiative. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;62:3–19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Barnett GC, Wilkinson JS, Moody AM, et al. Randomized controlled trial of forward-planned intensity-modulated radiotherapy for early breast cancer: interim results at 2 years. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011. doi:10.1016pp1-9.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Donovan E, Bleakley N, Denholm E, et al. Randomised trial of standard 2D radiotherapy (RT) versus intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients prescribed breast radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 2007;82:254–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Pignol JP, Olivotto I, Rakovitch E, et al. A multicenter randomized trial of breast intensity-modulated radiation therapy to reduce acute radiation dermatitis. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:2085–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Smith BD, Pan I-W, Shih Y-C, et al. Adoption of intensity modulated radiation therapy for breast cancer in the United States. JNCI. 2011;103:798–809.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bar W, Schwartz M, Alber M, et al. A comparison of forward and inverse treatment planning for intensity modulated radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2003;69:251–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Metwaly M, Awaad AM, El-Sayed el-SM, Sallam AS. Comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy and forward-planning dynamic arc therapy techniques for prostate cancer. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2008;9(4):2783.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Donovan EM, Yarnold JR, Adams EJ, et al. An investigation into methods of IMRT planning applied to breast radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 2008;81:311–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Rongsriyam K, Rojpornpradit P, Lertbutsayanukul C, et al. Dosimetric study of inverse-planed intensity modulated, forward-planned intensity modulated and conventional tangential techniques in breast conserving radiotherapy. J Med Assoc Thai. 2008;91:1571–82.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Smith W, Menon G, Wolfe N, et al. IMRT for the breast: a comparison of tangential planning techniques. Phys Med Biol. 2010;55:1231–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ferreina BC, doCarmo L, Mateus J, et al. Radiobiological evaluation of forward and inverse IMRT using different fractions for head and neck tumors. Radiat Oncol. 2010;5:57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Qi XS, White J, XA L. Is α/β for breast cancer really low? Radiother Oncol. 2011;100(2):282–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. McDonald MW, Godette KD, Whitaker DJ, et al. Three- year outcomes of intensity modulated radiation therapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010;77:523–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Guerrero M, Li A, Earl M, et al. Sımultaneous Integrated Boost for breast cancer using IMRT: a radiobiological and treatment planning study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;59:1513–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Askoxylakis V, Jensen A, Hafner MF, et al. Simultaneous Integrated Boost for adjuvant treatment of Breast cancer—intensity modulated vs conventional radiotherapy: the IMRT-MC2 trial. BMC Cancer. 2011;249:1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ruben JD, Lancaster CM, Jones P, Smith RL. A comparison of out-of-field dose and its constituent components for intensity-modulated radiation therapy versus conformal radiation therapy: implications for carcinogenesis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;81(5):1458–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Kry SF, Salehpour M, Stovall M, et al. The calculated risk of secondary malignancies from intensity modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;62:1195–203.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Carruthers LJ, Redpath AT, Kunkler IH. The use of compensators to optimize the three dimentional dose distribution in radiotherapy of the intact breast. Radiother Oncol. 1999;50:291–300.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Wilks RJ, Bliss P. The use of compensator library to reduce dose inhomogenity in tangential radiotherapy of the breast. Radiother Oncol. 2002;62:147–57.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Wilks RJ, Cammack T, Bliss P. Improvements in dose homogenity for tangential breast fields from a selection of combinations of library compensators. Br J Radiol. 2006;79:165–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Van Assalen B, Raaijmakers CPJ, Hofman P, Lagendijk JJW. An improved breast irradiation technique using three dimentional geometric information and intensity modulation. Radiother Oncol. 2001;58:341–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Zarrickson B, Arevarn M, Karrlson M. Optimized MLC-beam arrangements for tangential breast irradiation. Radiother Oncol. 2000;54:209–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Vicini F, Sharpe M, Kestin L, et al. Optimizing breast cancer treatment efficacy with intensity modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;54:1336–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Donovan EM, Bleacley NJ, Evans PM, et al. Dose position and dose volume histogram analysis of standard wedged and intensity modulated treatments in breast radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 2002;75:967–73.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Evans PM, Donovan EM, Partridge M, et al. The delivery of modulated radiotherapy to the breast using multiple static fields. Radiother Oncol. 2000;57:79–89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Evans PM, Hansen VN, Mayles WP, et al. Design of compensators for breast radiotherapy using electronic portal imaging. Radiother Oncol. 1995;37:43–54.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Donovan EM, Johnson U, Shentall G, et al. Evaluation of compensation in breast radiotherapy: a planning study using multiple static fields. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;3:671–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Donovan EM, Bleackley NJ, Evans PM, et al. Dose-position and dose-volume histogram analysis of standard wedged and intensity modulated treatments in breast radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 2002;75:967–73.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Evans PM, Donovan EM, Fenton N, et al. Practical implementation of compensators in breast radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 1998;49:255–65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Lo Y-C, Yasuda G, Fitzgerald TJ, et al. Intensity modulation for breast treatment using static multi leaf collimators. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;46:187–94.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Kestin LL, Sharpe MB, Frazier RC, et al. Intensity modulation to improve dose uniformity with tangential breast radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;48:1559–65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Borghero YO, Salehpour M, McNeese MD, et al. Multileaf field-in-field forward-planned intensity-modulated dose compensation for whole-breast irradiation is associated with reduced contralateral breast dose: a phantom model comparison. Radiother Oncol. 2007;82(3):324–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Descovich M, Fowble B, Bevan A, et al. Comparison between hybrid direct aperture optimized intensity-modulated radiotherapy and forward planning intensity-modulated radiotherapy for whole breast irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010;76(1):91–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Barnett GC, Wilkinson J, Moody A, et al. A randomized controlled trial of forward panned radiotherapy (IMRT) for early breast cancer. Baseline characteristics and dosimetry results. Radiother Oncol. 2009;92:34–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ferah Yıldız .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yıldız, F., Yazici, G., Hurmuz, P., Dogan, A. (2013). Forward Planning Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy Techniques. In: Haydaroglu, A., Ozyigit, G. (eds) Principles and Practice of Modern Radiotherapy Techniques in Breast Cancer. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5116-7_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5116-7_18

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5115-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-5116-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics