Abstract
This chapter contains a brief introduction to Lashkar-e-Taiba. It describes their geographic locations and also summarizes statistics about violent terror acts carried out by LeT, briefly describes the behavioral rules about LeT derived in this book, and summarizes suggested policy options generated automatically from the LeT data set.
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Notes
- 1.
This report was released by the Government of India to the Government of Pakistan. Page 2 of the report de-scribes the retrieval of GPS instruments and a Thuraya satellite phone. Page 12 of the same report describes the use of VoIP technology by the terrorists.
- 2.
It has also been asserted that the name Lashkar-e-Taiba should be read as “Army of Madinah” (John 2011).
- 3.
In all casualty figures quoted in this book, the number of terrorists killed is not included. Thus, when the number of casualties for the November 26, 2008 Mumbai attack is listed as 166, it does not include the terrorists who were killed during the attack.
- 4.
The other major suspect in the attack was Indian Mujahideen (Gupta 2011), an Indian Muslim terrorist group that receives support from LeT (this relationship is discussed below). Because of the frequent ambiguity in identifying the perpetrator of a terrorist attack, this book will use the term LeT-backed attacks to include attacks that are believed to have been carried out either directly by LeT or by its proxies and close allies.
- 5.
The precise date on which LeT was founded is not 100 % clear (Tankel 2011b, p. 3) traces the roots of LeT back to 1984 when Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhvi, one of the principal suspected masterminds behind the 2008 Mumbai attacks, founded an Ahl-e-Hadith group in Afghanistan to fight the Soviets. Tankel goes on to report that Hafez Saeed (the current LeT chief) and Zafar Iqbal, created Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD), an Ahl Hadith missionary group in 1985. Tankel describes the subsequent creation of Markaz-ud-Dawa al Irshad (MDI) in 1986 by 17 founders including those above. The new organization folded in Zaki-ur-Rehman’s group and Saeed’s organization. LeT itself was officially launched in 1990, though there appear to be conflicting reports about the exact date (John 2011, p. 1) states that LeT was created precisely on February 22, 1990.
- 6.
Throughout this book, the term Jammu & Kashmir is used to refer to Indian administered Kashmir. This expression is used for convenience, the issue of Kashmir’s ultimate legal status is a complex one and is not the topic addressed in this book.
- 7.
Some of these variables such as Pakistani military support for LeT, LeT’s communications campaigns, and charitable activities are effectively constant conditions. In this study, these conditions were coded when a major media source mentioned them as occurring. The fact that major media cites this activity could indicate a trend that this activity was occurring at a greater level (or at a more noticeable level) than at other times.
- 8.
- 9.
This complex option (and others) are discussed in greater detail in Chap. 11.
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Subrahmanian, V.S., Mannes, A., Sliva, A., Shakarian, J., Dickerson, J.P. (2013). Introduction. In: Computational Analysis of Terrorist Groups: Lashkar-e-Taiba. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4769-6_1
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