Abstract
We saw in Chap. 4 how singe-stranded DNA oligonucleotides hybridize to form double-stranded DNA; we also saw that antibodies and antigens interact to form immune complexes. In both cases, we can immobilize one of the two molecules of the complex (the probe) in our Bio/CMOS interface and obtain a surface that can detect the other molecule (the target) in a specific manner. We saw in Chap. 6 the electrical behavior of hybridization at an interface. We discussed that hybridization affects the equivalent capacitance of the Bio/CMOS interface. Chapter 6 also demonstrated the use of special molecules to improve the Bio/CMOS interface on the nanoscale. It was demonstrated that the improvement provides a more reliable interface for biosensing. The aim of this chapter is to address the “CMOS side” of the interface, in other words, to discuss some CMOS architectures that have been implemented to obtain biochips for label-free sensing of biomolecules.
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Further Reading
Ghafar-Zadeh E, Sawan M (2010) Cmos capacitive sensors for lab-on-chip applications: a multidisciplinary approach. Springer, New York
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Stagni C, Guiducci C, Benini L, Riccò B, Carrara S, Paulus C, Schienle M, Thewes R (2007) A fully electronic label-free DNA sensor chip. IEEE Sensor J 7(4):577–585
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Carrara, S. (2013). Bio/CMOS Interfaces for Label-Free Capacitance Sensing. In: Bio/CMOS Interfaces and Co-Design. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4690-3_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4690-3_7
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