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Thyroid Hormone and Myocardial Mitochondria

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Mitochondria and Their Role in Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

The ability of thyroid hormone to regulate energy utilization was first recognized more than 100 years ago and is still a contemporary topic in thyroid research. To date, we still do not understand the molecular events by which thyroid hormone controls this essential function. Energy, in the form of ATP, is the currency required for life, and the mitochondrion is its principal source. This fact has made this organelle an obvious target for thyroid hormone action. In addition to providing about 90 % of the energy currency of the cell, these acquired organelles also play essential roles in cell signaling and cell survival, two other cell regulatory cascades that are possible targets for thyroid hormone action.

In addition to the action of the nuclear-localized thyroid hormone receptors on nuclear oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) gene transcription, a parallel direct action of the mitochondrially localized receptors on mitochondrial transcription has been demonstrated. The coordination of transcription activation in nuclei and mitochondria by the thyroid hormone receptors is in part realized by their binding to common trans-acting elements in the two genomes.

In this chapter we will focus on the effects of thyroid hormone on mitochondrial energetics and mitochondriogenesis.

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    José Marín-García M.D.

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Marín-García, J. (2013). Thyroid Hormone and Myocardial Mitochondria. In: Mitochondria and Their Role in Cardiovascular Disease. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4599-9_22

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