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HIV-Derived Vectors for Gene Therapy Targeting Dendritic Cells

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HIV Interactions with Dendritic Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((volume 762))

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived lentiviral vectors (LV) have the potential to mediate stable therapeutic gene transfer. However, similarly to other viral vectors, their benefit is compromised by the induction of an immune response toward transgene-expressing cells that closely mimics antiviral immunity. LV share with the parental HIV the ability to activate dendritic cells (DC), while lack the peculiar ability of subverting DC functions, which is responsible for HIV immune escape. Understanding the interaction between LV and DC, with plasmacytoid and myeloid DC playing fundamental and distinct roles, has paved the way to novel approaches aimed at regulating transgene-specific immune responses. Thanks to the ability to target either DC subsets LV might be a powerful tool to induce immunity (i.e., gene therapy of cancer), cell death (i.e., in HIV/AIDS infection), or tolerance (i.e., gene therapy strategies for monogenic diseases). In this chapter, similarities and differences between the LV-mediated and HIV-mediated induction of immune responses, with specific focus on their interactions with DC, are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells, and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

    Maura Rossetti Ph.D. & Silvia Gregori Ph.D.

  2. Division of Immunology, Transplant, and Infectious Diseases, Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, Milan, Italy

    Mariangela Cavarelli Ph.D. & Gabriella Scarlatti M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Maura Rossetti Ph.D.
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  2. Mariangela Cavarelli Ph.D.
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  3. Silvia Gregori Ph.D.
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  4. Gabriella Scarlatti M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Gabriella Scarlatti M.D., Ph.D. .

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  1. , Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, 466 VMAB, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, 43210, Ohio, USA

    Li Wu

  2. , Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris, 75724, France

    Olivier Schwartz

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Rossetti, M., Cavarelli, M., Gregori, S., Scarlatti, G. (2012). HIV-Derived Vectors for Gene Therapy Targeting Dendritic Cells. In: Wu, L., Schwartz, O. (eds) HIV Interactions with Dendritic Cells. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 762. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4433-6_9

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