Skip to main content

Decision Ordering Based Learning Techniques

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
System-Level Validation
  • 1052 Accesses

Abstract

The test generation performance using SAT-based BMC mainly depends on the efficiency of SAT search heuristics which can find satisfying assignments quickly. Since similar properties and SAT instances describe correlated functional scenarios, their significant overlap on the counterexample assignments can be used as learnings for the SAT search. This chapter explores such learnings within a SAT stance and among similar SAT instances. The proposed intra- and inter-property learnings based on decision ordering heuristics and conflict clause forwarding techniques can be used to improve the overall test generation time for a single property as well as a cluster of similar properties.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    A CNF SAT instance can be viewed as a union of a set of segments where each segment consists of a set of CNF clauses.

References

  1. Bryant R (1986) Graph-based algorithms for Boolean function manipulation. IEEE Trans Comput 35(8):677–691

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chen M, Mishra P (2010) Functional test generation using efficient property clustering and learning techniques. IEEE Trans Comput Aided Des Integr Circuits Syst (TCAD) 29(3):396–404

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen M, Mishra P (2011) Property learning techniques for efficient generation of directed tests. IEEE Trans Comput 60(6):852–864

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chen M, Qin X, Mishra P (2010) Efficient decision ordering techniques for SAT-based test generation. In: Proceedings of design, automation, and test in europe (DATE), pp 490–495

    Google Scholar 

  5. FBK-irst and CMU (2006) NuSMV. http://nusmv.irst.itc.it/

  6. Marques-Silva J, Sakallah K (1999) Grasp: a search algorithm for propositional satisfiability. IEEE Trans Comput (TC) 48(5):506–521

    Google Scholar 

  7. Marques-Silva JP, Sakallah KA (1999) The impact of branching heuristics in propositional satisfiability. In: Proceedings of the 9th portuguese conference on artificial intelligence, pp 62–74.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Mishra P, Chen M (2009) Efficient techniques for directed test generation using incremental satisfiability. In: Proceedings of international conference of VLSI design, pp 65–70

    Google Scholar 

  9. Moskewicz MW, Madigan CF, Zhao Y, Zhang L (2001) Chaff: engineering an efficient SAT solver. In Proceedings of design automation conference (DAC), pp 530–535

    Google Scholar 

  10. Shtrichman O (2000) Tuning SAT checkers for bounded model checking. In: Proceedings of the international conference on computer aided verification (CAV), pp 480–494

    Google Scholar 

  11. The satisfiability library (2003) SAT benchmark problems. http://www.satlib.org/Benchmarks/SAT/BMC/description.html

  12. Velev M (2006) Boolean satisfiability (SAT) benchmarks. http://www.miroslav-velev.com/sat_benchmarks.html

  13. Wang C, Jin H, Hachtel GD, Somenzi F (2004) Refining the SAT decision ordering for bounded model checking. In: Proceedings of design automation conference (DAC), pp 535–538

    Google Scholar 

  14. zChaff (2007) zChaff. http://www.princeton.edu/~chaff/zchaff.html

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mingsong Chen .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Chen, M., Qin, X., Koo, HM., Mishra, P. (2013). Decision Ordering Based Learning Techniques. In: System-Level Validation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1359-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1359-2_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-1358-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-1359-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics