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The Understanding of Hip Etiologies: Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

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Hip Joint Restoration

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Abstract

Osteonecrosis, also known as avascular necrosis (AVN), ischemic necrosis, atraumatic necrosis, or aseptic necrosis, is a devastating and potentially debilitating pathologic condition with a poorly understood pathogenesis. It is most prevalent in young adults in the third and fourth decades of life and primarily affects the femoral head. The true incidence of this disease is not known; however, in the United States, it is estimated that 10,000–20,000 new cases are diagnosed every year. Furthermore, it has been estimated that this accounts for approximately 10 % of all total hip arthroplasties annually. Although there are a wide range of etiologies, which can be classified as either direct or indirect risk factors, the underlying cellular pathology of the disease is similar. Therefore, in this chapter we describe the pathology, pathophysiology, and associated risk factors for osteonecrosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    Bhaveen H. Kapadia MD

  2. Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Bhaveen H. Kapadia MD, Kimona Issa MD, Samik Banerjee MD & Michael A. Mont MD

Authors
  1. Bhaveen H. Kapadia MD
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  2. Kimona Issa MD
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  3. Samik Banerjee MD
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  4. Michael A. Mont MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bhaveen H. Kapadia MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopedic Surgery, Hip Joint Arthroplasty, Hip Arthroscopy Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Joseph C. McCarthy

  2. Institute of Orthopedic Research and Education, Houston, Texas, USA

    Philip C. Noble

  3. Consultant Orthopedic Surgeon Orthopedics, The Villar Bajwa Practice, Spire Cambridge Lea Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom

    Richard N. Villar

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Kapadia, B.H., Issa, K., Banerjee, S., Mont, M.A. (2017). The Understanding of Hip Etiologies: Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. In: McCarthy, J., Noble, P., Villar, R. (eds) Hip Joint Restoration. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0694-5_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0694-5_19

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