Abstract
Immunosuppressed or immunocompromised hosts have an impaired or weakened immune response, which makes them susceptible to a range of infections, diseases, and neoplasms. This includes viral-associated infections and diseases (e.g., human papilloma virus [HPV] and EBV-related diseases, CMV and HSV infections), fungal infections (e.g., candidiasis, Cryptococcal pneumonia, Pneumocystis pneumonia), and specific organ-related conditions seen in the setting of infection (salivary gland lesions/cysts, lymphadenopathy, meningitis, renal disease). These patients are also at increased risk for lymphoproliferative disorders, such as posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphoma, in addition to Kaposi sarcoma and carcinomas (squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and adenocarcinoma of the lung). This chapter will review the key infectious and lymphoproliferative conditions seen in the immunocompromised host, with a focus on the clinical and pathological findings.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Suggested Reading
Ellison E, Lapuerta P, Martin S. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) in HIV+ patients: results from a series of 655 aspirates. Cytopathology. 1998;9:222–9.
Gattuso P, Castelli MJ, Peng Y, Reddy VB. Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders: a fine-needle aspiration biopsy study. Diagn Cytopathol. 1997;16:392–5.
Hanks D, Bhargava V. Fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of HIV-related conditions. Pathology. 1996;4:221–52.
Kocjan G, Miller R. The cytology of HIV-induced immunosuppression. Changing pattern of disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Cytopathology. 2001;12:281–96.
Lobenthal SW, Hajdu SI. The cytopathology of bone marrow transplantation. Acta Cytol. 1990;34:559–66.
Michelow P, Meyers T, Dubb M, Wright C. The utility of fine needle Âaspiration in HIV positive children. Cytopathology. 2008;19:86–93.
Naresh K. Lymphoproliferative disorders in the immunosuppressed. Diagn Histopathol. 2009;16:206–15.
Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ. Evolving spectrum and incidence of non-AIDS-defining malignancies. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2009;4:27–34.
Pantanowitz L, Kuperman M, Goulart RA. Clinical history of HIV infection may be misleading in cytopathology. Cytojournal. 2010;7:7.
Pantanowitz L, Michelow P. Review of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and squamous lesions of the uterine cervix. Diagn Cytopathol. 2011;39:65–72.
Siddiqui MT, Reddy VB, Castelli MJ, Gattuso P. Role of fine-needle aspiration in clinical management of transplant patients. Diagn Cytopathol. 1997;17:429–35.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Michelow, P., Monaco, S.E., Pantanowitz, L. (2011). Immunosuppressed Host. In: Cytopathology of Infectious Diseases. Essentials in Cytopathology, vol 17. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0242-8_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0242-8_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-0241-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-0242-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)