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Primate Personality and Behavioral Endocrinology

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Personality and Temperament in Nonhuman Primates

Part of the book series: Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects ((DIPR))

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Abstract

Although hormones are best known for their physiological functions, elegant studies in a variety of species have also demonstrated important effects of hormones on behavior (and vice versa: behavior’s effects on hormone levels). Behavioral endocrinology is an exciting field because the relationship between hormones and behavior is complex and in many ways still poorly defined. Initial studies in primates focused primarily on associations between specific behaviors such as aggression or mating and hormones such as testosterone, cortisol, and progesterone. However, as primatologists began to recognize the importance of behavioral style variation and the influence of personality on all aspects of behavior, the physiological correlates of this variable also began gaining attention. In this review, I briefly discuss the mechanisms by which hormones affect behavior before reviewing important research on the role of hormones in maternal style, dominance relationships, and personality. I also discuss the practical and theoretical implications of the relationship between primate personalities and hormone levels. I suggest that this field could benefit from more research in two primary areas: first, the hormonally mediated costs and benefits of certain behavioral styles, and second, personality variation in wild primates and its endocrine correlates.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this project was provided by the Schwartz Family Foundation, the National Science Foundation under grant no. 0120175, The L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, and the Yale University Williams Fund.

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  1. Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8277, USA

    Stephanie F. Anestis

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  1. Stephanie F. Anestis
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Correspondence to Stephanie F. Anestis .

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  1. School of Philosophy, Psychology, and La, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH89TA, United Kingdom

    Alexander Weiss

  2. Dept. Psychology, University of Arizona, University Blvd. 1503, Tucson, 85721, Arizona, USA

    James E. King

  3. , Department of Psychology, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, CH1 4BJ, United Kingdom

    Lindsay Murray

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Anestis, S.F. (2011). Primate Personality and Behavioral Endocrinology. In: Weiss, A., King, J., Murray, L. (eds) Personality and Temperament in Nonhuman Primates. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0176-6_7

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