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Lymphocryptoviruses: EBV and Its Role in Human Cancer

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Cancer Associated Viruses

Part of the book series: Current Cancer Research ((CUCR))

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Abstract

Lymphocryptoviruses (LCVs) are gamma 1-herpesviruses well known for infecting Old-World primates. They display a biphasic life cycle usually with a lifelong persistence, which is typically asymptomatic in their host, and are capable of inducing malignancies. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the most well-studied LCV and is the only member known to cause infection in humans. EBV is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with a number of human malignancies including, Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL), Hodgkin’s disease (HD), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and posttransplant lymphoproliferative diseases (PTLD). Interestingly, many of the Old-World primates are known to have the pathological equivalents of these diseases associated with respective LCVs. The EBV genome provides the genetic validation for similarities between EBV infection in human and LCV infections of Old-World primates. Here, we discuss the molecular aspects of host–pathogen interaction in regard to EBV-induced diseases with a particular focus on tumorigenesis, as a representative of the general pathologies associated with LCV-induced malignancies. The role of various EBV proteins in establishment of infection, persistence, and tumorigenesis, as well as the numerous host-signaling pathways targeted by the viral molecules for carrying out these phenomena are explored. Furthermore, the available preferences for diagnosis and treatment modalities for EBV-induced pathologies are discussed in this chapter.

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  1. Department of Microbiology and Abramson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 201E Johnson pavilion, 3610 Hamilton walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Santosh Kumar Upadhyay, Hem Chandra Jha, Abhik Saha & Erle S. Robertson

  2. Abramson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 201E Johnson pavilion, 3610 Hamilton walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Santosh Kumar Upadhyay, Hem Chandra Jha, Abhik Saha & Erle S. Robertson

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    Erle S. Robertson

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Upadhyay, S.K., Jha, H.C., Saha, A., Robertson, E.S. (2012). Lymphocryptoviruses: EBV and Its Role in Human Cancer. In: Robertson, E. (eds) Cancer Associated Viruses. Current Cancer Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0016-5_8

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