Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) synthesis and secretion are regulated by the hypothalamic peptides GH releasing hormone (GHRH), which has an excitatory role, and somatostatin, which has an inhibitory role (1). Glucocorticoids interfere with normal somatic growth in laboratory animals (2), children receiving high-dose glucocorticoid treatment (3), and children with Cushing’s disease (4). Numerous studies have demonstrated that normal subjects, after administration of pharmacological doses of glucocorticoids, and patients with Cushing’s disease have reduced GH responses to various stimuli (5–7).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Dieguez C, Page MD, Scanion MF. Growth hormone neuroregulation and its alterations in disease states. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1988;28:109–43.
Hodges JR, Vernikos J. A comparision of the pituitary inhibitory effects of prednisone, prednisolone and hydrocortisone. Br J Pharmacol Chemother 1958;13:98–102.
Blodgett FM, Burgin L, Iezzoni D, Gribetz D, Talbot NB. Effects of prolonged cortisone therapy on the statural growth, skeletal maturation and metabolic status of children. N Engl J Med 1956;254:636–41.
Solomon IL, Schoen EJ. Juvenile Cushing syndrome manifested primarily by growth failure. Am J Dis Child 1976;123:207–13.
Hartog M, Gaafar MA, Fraser R. Effect of corticosteroids on serum growth hormone. Lancet 1964;ii:376–8.
Nakagawa K, Horiuchi Y, Mashimo K. Responses of plasma growth hormone and corticosteroids to insulin and arginine with or without prior administration of dexamethasone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1969;29:35–40.
Giustina A, Bossoni S, Bodini C, et al. Pyridostigmine enhances even if it does not normalize the growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing hormone in patients with Cushing’s disease. Horm Res 1991;35:99–103.
Bridson WE, Kohler PO. Cortisol stimulation of growth hormone production by human pituitary tissue in culture. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1970;30:538–40.
Kohler PO, Bridson WE, Rayford PL. Cortisol stimulation of growth hormone production by monkey adenohypophysis in tissue culture. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1968;33:834–40.
Vale W, Vaughan J, Yamamoto G, Spiess J, Rivier J. Effects of synthetic human pancreatic (tumor) GH releasing factor and somatostatin, triiodo-thyronine and dexamethasone on GH secretion in vitro. Endocrinology 1983;112:1553–5.
Seifert H, Perrin M, Rivier J, Vale W. Growth hormone-releasing factor binding sites in rat anterior pituitary membrane homogenates: modulation by glucocorticoids. Endocrinology 1985;117:424–6.
Oosterom R, Verleun J, Zuiderwijk J, Lamberts SWJ. Growth hormone secretion by cultured rat anterior pituitary cells: effects of culture conditions and dexamethasone. Endocrinology 1983;113:735–41.
Evans RM, Birnberg NC, Rosenfeld MG. Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones transcriptionally regulate growth hormone gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1982;79:7659–63.
Wehrenberg WB, Brazeau P, Luben R, Bohlen P, Guillemin R. Inhibition of the pulsatile secretion of growth hormone by monoclonal antibodies to hypothalamic growth hormone releasing factor (GRF). Endocrinology 1982; 111:2146–8.
Nakagawa K, Ishizuka T, Obara T, Matsubara M, Akikawa K. Dichotomic action of glucocorticoids on growth hormone secretion. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1987;116:165–71.
Mosier HD, Jansons RA. Increase in pulsatile secretion of growth hormone during failure of catch-up growth following glucocorticoid-induced growth inhibition. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1985;178:457–61.
Wehrenberg WB, Baird A, Klepper R, Mormede P, Ling N. Interactions between growth hormone-releasing hormone and glucocorticoids in male rats. Regul Pept 1989;25:147–55.
Werhenberg WB, Janowski B, Piering AW, Culler F, Jones KL. Glucocorticoids: potent inhibitors and stimulators of growth hormone secretion. Endocrinology 1990;126:3200–3.
Wehrenberg WB, Bergman PJ, Stagg L, Ndon J, Giustina A. Glucocorticoid inhibition of growth in rats: partial reversal with somatostatin antibodies. Endocrinology 1990;127:2705–8.
Giustina A, Romanelli G, Girelli A, Pizzocolo G, Valentini U, Zuccato F. Effects of short-term glucocorticoid deprivation on growth hormone response to GH-releasing hormone in man. Horm Metab Res 1989;21:693–4.
Giustina A, Bodini C, Bossoni S, et al. Effects of calcitonin on GH response to pyridostigmine in combination with hGHRH(1–29)NH2 in normal adult subjects. Clin Endocrinol 1990;33:375–80.
Alba-Roth J, Muller OA, Schopohl J, von Werder K. Arginine stimulates growth hormone secretion by suppressing endogenous somatostatin secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988;67:1186–9.
Murakami Y, Kato Y, Shimatsu A, et al. Possible mechanisms involved in growth hormone secretion induced by galanin in the rat. Endocrinology 1989;124:1224–9.
Miki N, Ono M, Shizume K. Evidence that opiatergic and alpha-adrenergic mechanisms stimulate rat growth hormone release via growth hormone-releasing factor. Endocrinology 1984;114:1950–2.
Giustina A, Doga M, Bodini C, et al. Acute effects of cortisone acetate on growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in normal adult subjects. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1990;122:206–10.
Del Balzo P, Salvatori R, Cappa M, Gertner JM. Pyridostigmine does not reverse dexamethasone-induced growth hormone inhibition. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1990;33:605–12.
Loeb JN. Corticosteroids and growth. N Engl J Med 1976;295:547–52.
Horber FF, Haymond MW. Human growth hormone prevents the protein catabolic side effects of prednisone in humans. J Clin Invest 1990;86:265–72.
Tejani A, Butt KMH, Rajpoot D, et al. Strategies for optimizing growth in children with kidney transplants. Transplantation 1989;47:229–33.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Giustina, A., Bussi, A.R., Wehrenberg, W.B. (1994). Dichotomic Role of Glucocorticoids in the Regulation of Growth Hormone Secretion In Vivo. In: Bercu, B.B., Walker, R.F. (eds) Growth Hormone II. Serono Symposia USA Norwell, Massachusetts. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8372-7_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8372-7_27
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8374-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-8372-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive