Abstract
Some smokers of low-yield cigarettes derive higher levels of ‘tar’, nicotine, and carbon monoxide (CO) than advertising or government smoking-machine assays have led them to believe [1–3]. My colleagues and I [4, 5] have been concerned about a specific technique of compensatory smoking — hole-blocking of ventilated filters — that appears to occur with alarming frequency. Ventilation holes in the filter cause each puff of smoke to be diluted with air. In a sample of 39 observed users of ventilated-filter cigarettes, 44% were found to block the ventilation-holes (with their lips or fingers) and hence defeat one of the major strategies that cigarette manufacturers have employed to produce low-yield cigarettes [5].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
L. T. Kozlowski, W. S. Rickert, J. C. Robinson, and N. E. Grunberg, Have tar and nicotine yields of cigarettes changed? Science, 209:1550–1551, 1980.
L. T. Kozlowski, Tar and nicotine delivery of cigarettes: what a difference of puff makes? JAMA, 345:158–159, 1981.
L. T. Kozlowski, Smokers, non-smokers, and low tar smoke, Lancet, 1:508, 1981.
L. T. Kozlowski, R. C. Frecker, V. Khouw, and M. A. Pope, The misuse of ‘less-hazardous’ cigarettes and its detection: hole-blocking of ventilated filters, Am. J. Public Health, 70:1202–1203, 1980.
L. T. Kozlowski, W. S. Rickert, M. A. Pope, J. C. Robinson, and R. C. Frecker, Estimating the yields of smokers of tar, nicotine, and carbon-monoxide from the ‘lowest yield’ ventilated-filter cigarettes, Br. J. Addic., in press.
D. Hoffman and E. L. Wynder, The low yield cigarette, Am. J. Public Health, 70:1143–1144, 1980.
Evolving techniques of making cigarettes milder, World Tobacco, 64:93–101, 1979.
J. A. Parker and R. T. Montgomery, Design criteria for ventilated filters, Beitr. Tabakforsch, 10:1–6, 1979.
L. T. Kozlowski, Applications of some physical indicators of cigarette smoking, Addict. Beh., in press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kozlowski, L.T. (1983). Perceiving the Risks of Low-Yield Ventilated-Filter Cigarettes: The Problem of Hole-Blocking. In: Covello, V.T., Flamm, W.G., Rodricks, J.V., Tardiff, R.G. (eds) The Analysis of Actual Versus Perceived Risks. Advances in Risk Analysis, vol 1. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3760-7_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3760-7_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3762-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3760-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive