Abstract
In this chapter we review the theory and numerical methods and give some illustrative results for low-energy elastic scattering and excitation of atoms and positive ions by electron impact. We also describe briefly the major computer program packages that are available and widely used in this field. We restrict our considerations mainly to low electron impact energies where the velocity of the incident or scattered electron is of the same order as the velocity of the electrons taking an active part in the collision. We will, however, consider briefly some extensions of the theory to intermediate energies above the ionization threshold but not so high that perturbation theories can be used with reliability. We will mainly be concerned with collisions involving complex atoms and ions which for our purposes here means when the target contains more than two electrons. Nevertheless, the methods and programs which have been developed have been widely used to study collisions with hydrogenlike and heliumlike ions and we will mention some of this work.
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Burke, P.G., Eissner, W. (1983). Low-Energy Electron Collisions with Complex Atoms and Ions. In: Burke, P.G., Eissner, W.B., Hummer, D.G., Percival, I.C. (eds) Atoms in Astrophysics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3536-8_1
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