Skip to main content

Common Food Additives and Spices in Thailand

Toxicological Effects

  • Chapter
Adverse Effects of Foods

Abstract

Of the food additives used today some are as old as recorded history; others are recent products of chemical laboratories. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) originally defined an additive as a “nonnutritive substance added intentionally to food generally in small quantities to improve its appearance, flavor, texture, or storage properties.” With the modernization of society, the complexity of modern life, and changes in our eating habits, the exposure to these additives is ever-increasing. Consequently there is rising awareness of the toxicological problems with food additives in almost every country. In Thailand, due to the lack of comprehensive legislation and enforcement of regulations, the abuse of food additives and even adulteration of foods by unscrupulous tradesmen are serious problems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bartho, L., and Szolcsanyi, J., 1978, The site of action of capsaicin on the guinea-pig isolatedileum, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol. 305: 75–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buranawuti, T., 1980, Effect of Capsaicin on Lipid Absorption, presented in the 9th Physiological Society Meeting of Thailand (April, 10–11,1980), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buranawuti, T., and Glinsukon, T., 1980, Determination of capsaicin in various species of capsicum fruits and its toxicity in mice, R. Thai Army Med. J. 33 (2): 85–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chertchewasart, V., 1980, Borax, Witayasart 34 (8): 624–631 (in Thai).

    Google Scholar 

  • Collier, H. O. J., McDonald-Gibson, W. J., and Saeed, S. A., 1976, Stimulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis by drugs: Effects in vitro of some drugs affecting gut function, Br. J. Pharmacol. 58: 193–199.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamse, R., Molnar, A., and Lembeck, F., 1979, Substance-P release from spinal cord slices by capsaicin, Life Sci. 25: 629–636.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamse, R., Holzer, P., and Lembeck, F., 1980, Decrease of substance-P in primary afferent neurons and impairment of neurogenic plasma extravasation by capsaicin, Br. J. Pharmacol. 68: 207–213.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • George, A. J., 1965, Toxicity of boric acid through skin and mucous membrane, Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 3: 99–101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glinsukon, T., Stitmunnaithum, V., Toskulkao, C., Buranawuti, T., and Tangkrisanavinont, V., 1980, Acute toxicity of capsaicin in several animal species, Toxicon 18: 215–220.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, A. G., and Tyers, M. B. 1980a, Effect of capsaicin on nociceptive heat, pressure, and chemical thresholds and on substance P levels in the rat, Brain Res. 189: 561–564.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, A. G., and Tyers, M. B., 1980b, Capsaicin depletes substance P from dorsal horn and skin and discriminates heat from chemical and pressure nociceptive stimuli in the conscious rat, J. Physiol. 300: 25 P.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heywood, R., James, R. W., and Worden, A. N., 1977, The ad-libitum feeding of monosodium glutamate to weanling mice, Toxicol. Lett. 1: 151–155.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holzer, P., Jurna, I., Gamse, R., and Lembeck, F., 1979, Nociceptive threshold after neonatal capsaicin treatment, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 58: 511–514.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holzer, P., Gamse, R., and Lembeck, F., 1980, Distribution of substance-P in the rat gastrointestinal tract: Lack of effect of capsaicin pretreatment, Eur. J. Pharmacol. 61: 303–307.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hori, T., 1980, The capsaicin desensitized rat: Behavioral thermoregulation and thermosensitivity of hypothalamic neurons in: Thermoregulatory Mechanisms and Their Therapeutic Implications, Fourth International Symposium on the Pharmacology of Thermoregulation (Oxford, 1979), pp. 214–215, Karger, Basel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horvath, K., Jancso, G., and Wollemann, M., 1979, The effect of calcium on the capsaicin activation of adenylate cyclase in rat brain, Brain Res. 179: 401–403.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iwai, K., Suzuki, T., and Fujiwake, H., 1979, Formation and accumulation of pungent principle of hot pepper fruits, capsaicin and its analogues, in: Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Karayatsubusa at different growth stage after flowering, Agric. Biol. Chem. 43 (12): 2493–2498.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • James, R. W., Heywood, R., and Salmona, M., 1978, Uptake of glutamate in beagle dogs after oral gavage with MSG, Toxicol. Lett. 2: 305–311.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jancso-Gabor, A., 1980, Anaesthesia-like condition and/or potentiation of hexobarbital sleep produced by pungent agents in normal and capsaicin-desensitized rats, Acta Physiol. Acad. Sci. Hung. Tomus 55 (1): 57–62.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Juan, H., Lembeck, F., Seewann, S., and Hack, U., 1980, Nociceptor stimulation and PGE release by capsaicin, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol. 312: 139–143.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, S. N., and Nickels, S. M., 1980, The use of morphometric techniques to analyse the effect of neonatal capsaicin treatment on rat dorsal root ganglia and dorsal roots, J. Physiol. 303: 12 P.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, I. P., Sherins, R. J., and Dixon, R. L., 1978, Evidence for induction of germinal aplasia in male rats by environmental exposure to boron, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 45: 577–590.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Limlomwongse, L., Chaitauchawong, C., and Tongyai, S., 1979, Effect of capsaicin on gastric secretion and mucosal blood flow in the rat, J. Nutr. 109 (5): 773–777.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, D. R., and Newhouse, J. P., 1957, The toxic effects of sodium-L-glutamate on the inner layers of the retina, Am. Med. Assoc. Arch. Opthalmol. 58: 193–201.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marrs, T. C., Salmona, M., Garattini, S., Burston, D., and Matthews, D. M., 1978, The absorption by human volunteers of glutamic acid from monosodium glutamate and from a partial enzyme hydrolysate of casein. Toxicology 11: 101–107.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monsereenusorn, Y., and Glinsukon, T., 1978, Inhibitory effect of capsaicin on intestinal glucose absorption in vitro, Food Cosmet. Toxicol 16: 469–473.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monsereenusorn, Y., 1980, Effect of capsaicin on intestinal fluid and Na +-absorption, J. Pharmacol. Biodyn. 3 (12): 631–635.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monsereenusorn, Y., Kongsamut, S., and Pezalla, P., 1982, Capsaicin: Literature survey, CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Obal, F., Benedek, G., Jancso-Gabor, A., and Obal, F., 1979, Salivary cooling, escape reaction, and heat pain in capsaicin-desensitized rats, Pflugers Arch. 382: 249–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olney, J. W., 1969, Brain lesions, obesity, and other disturbances in mice treated with mono- sodium glutamate, Science 164: 719–721.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olney, J. W., and Sharpe, L. G., 1969, Brain lesions in an infant rhesus monkey treated with monosodium glutamate, Science 166: 386–388.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfeiffer, C. C., Hallmann, L. F., and Gersh, I., 1945, Boric acid ointment: A study of possible intoxication in the treatment of burns, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 128: 266–273.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Porszasz, J., and Jansco, N., 1959, Studies on the action potentials of sensory neurons in animals desensitized with capsaicin, Acta Physiol. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 299–306.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, J. A., and Lai-fook, S. J., 1979, Reflex bronchoconstriction induced by capsaicin in the dog, J. Appl Physiol 47 (5): 961–967.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schaumburg, H. H., Byck, R., Gerstl, R., and Mashman, J. H., 1969, Monosodium-L-glutamate: Its pharmacology and role in the Chinese Restaurant Syndrome, Science 163: 826–828.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szekely, M., and Szolcsanyi, J., 1979, Endotoxin fever in capsaicin treated rats, Acta Physiol Acad. Sci. Hung. Tomus 53 (4): 469–477.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szolcsanyi, J., and Bartho, L., 1978, New type of nerve-mediated cholinergic contractions of the guinea-pig small intestine and its selective blockage by capsaicin. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol 305: 83–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szolcsanyi, J., and Bartho, L., 1979, Capsaicin-sensitive innervation of the guinea pig taenia caeci, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol 309: 77–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szolcsanyi, J., and Bartho, L., 1980, The capsaicin-sensitive non-parasympathetic excitatory innervation of the small intestine, in: Symposium on Modulation of Neurochemical Transmission ( J. Knoll and E. S. Vizi, ed.), Akademiai Kiado, Budapest,pp. 311–320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valdes-Dapena, M. A., and Arey, J. B., 1962, Boric acid poisoning, J. Pediatr. 61: 531–546.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Virus, R. M., and Gebhart, G. F., 1979, Pharmacologic actions of capsaicin: Apparent involvement of substance P and serotonin, Life Sci. 25: 1273–1284.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weir, R. J., and Fisher, R. S., 1972, Toxicologic studies on borax and boric acid, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 23: 351–364.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yaksh, T. L., Farb, D. H., Leeman, S. E., and Jessell, T. M., 1979, Intrathecal capsaicin depletes substance-P in the rat spinal cord and produces prolonged thermal analogesia, Science 206: 481–483.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Monsereenusorn, Y. (1982). Common Food Additives and Spices in Thailand. In: Jelliffe, E.F.P., Jelliffe, D.B. (eds) Adverse Effects of Foods. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3359-3_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3359-3_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3361-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3359-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics