Abstract
For a wide range of materials the emission of electrons (EE), positive ions (PIE), neutral species (NE), and photons (phE) has been observed accompanying fracture. We refer collectively to these emissions as fractoemission. In this paper we review our work on fracto-emission where the fracture event involves interfacial or adhesive failure. The interfaces to be discussed include the following: brittle materials/epoxy, glass/elastomers, and brittle materials/pressure sensitive adhesives. Results are presented for both large (1 cm2) planar surfaces as well as a few micron fibers (e.g., E-glass, S-glass, Kevlar™, and Graphite) and small (10–500 /μm) particles in polymer matrices. When adhesive failure occurs it appears to lead to highly reactive surface species, perhaps free radicals, and charge separation. Subsequent chemical reactions in the presence of surface charge produces intense, long lasting (several minutes) emission of charged particles and excited neutral species. The energies of the charged particle emission can be several hundred electron volts. In this paper we describe measurements of the time dependence, energy distributions, crack velocity dependence, and spatial distributions of the FE. We also discuss correlations between the various FE components and present results on determining the mass of the PIE.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. V. Deryagin, N. A. Krotova, and V. P. Smilga, Adhesion of Solids(English Translation), Consultants Bureau, New York (1978).
B. V. Deryagin, V. I. Anisimova, V. A. Klyuev, and N. A. Krotova, Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 222, 644 (1975).
Yu A. Khrustalev, L. I. Prokhorova, N. K. Baramboim, Yu F. Kurdnbov, and N. A. Krotova, Kolloidnyi Zhurnal, 38, 814 (1976).
V. A. Klyuev, V. I. Anisimova, Yu P. Toporov, N. A. Krotova, and B. V. Deryagin, Kolloidnyi Zhurnal, 40, 244 (1978).
M. I. Molotskii, Sov. Phys. Dokl. SSSR, 243, 1438 (1978).
B. V. Deryagin, V. A. Klyuev, V. I. Anisimova, Yu P. Toporov, and N. A. Krotova, J. Colloid and Interface Sci., 77, 472 (1980).
J. T. Dickinson, P. F. Braunlich, L. Larson, and A. Marceau, Appl. Surf. Sci., 1, 515 (1978).
D. L. Doering, T. Oda, J. T. Dickinson, and P. F. Braunlich, Appl. Surf. Sci., 3, 196 (1979).
L. A. Larson, J. T. Dickinson, P. F. Braunlich, and D. B. Snyder, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 16, 590 (1979).
J. T. Dickinson, D. B. Snyder, and E. E. Donaldson, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 17, 429 (1980).
J. T. Dickinson, D. B. Snyder, and E. E. Donaldson, Thin Solid Films, 72, 225 (1980).
J. T. Dickinson, E. E. Donaldson, and D. B. Snyder, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 18, 238 (1981).
J. T. Dickinson, E. E. Donaldson, and M. K. Park, J. Mater. Sci., 16, 2897 (1981).
J. T. Dickinson and L. C. Jensen, J. Polymer Sci. Polymer Phys. Ed., 20, 1925 (1982).
J. T. Dickinson, M. K. Park, E. E. Donaldson, and L. C. Jensen, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 20, 436 (1982).
J. T. Dickinson, L. C. Jensen, and M. K. Park, J. Mater. Sci., 17, 3173 (1982).
J. T. Dickinson, L. C. Jensen, and M. K. Park, Appl. Phys. Lett., 41, 443 (1982).
J. T. Dickinson, L. C. Jensen, and M. K. Park, Appl. Phys. Lett., 41, 827 (1982).
M. H. Miles and J. T. Dickinson, Appl. Phys. Lett., 41, 924 (1982).
J. T. Dickinson, A. Jahan-Latibari, and L. C. Jensen, to appear in Proceedings of the “Symposium on Composites, Interfaces,” American Chemical Society Meeting, Seattle, 1983.
B. P. Chandra and J. I. Zink, Phys. Rev., B 21, 816 (1980).
V. P. Kratyakova and V. N. Smirnov, Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, 30, 846, 777 (1979).
J. Harris, B. Kasemo, and E. Tornqvist, Chem. Phys. Letters, 52, 538 (1977).
B. Kasemo, E. Tornqvist, J. K. Norskov, and B. I. Lundqvist, Surf. Sci., 89, 554 (1979).
M. S. B. Munson and F. H. Field, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 88, 2621 (1966).
M. L. Knotek and P. J. Feibelman, Phys. Rev. Letters, 40, 964 (1978).
T. R. Waite, Phys. Rev., 107, 463 (1967).
J. A. Kelber and M. L. Knotek, Surface Science, 121, L4 99 (1982).
L. Larson, T. Oda, P. Braunlich, and J. T. Dickinson, Solid State Communications, 32, 347 (1979).
G. A. George and D. M. Pinkerton, “Proceedings of A Critical Review of Characterization of Composites”, June 8–10, 1981, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Office of Naval Research, 666 Summer St., Boston, MA (1981).
D. L. Fanter and R. L. Levy, in ACS Symposium Series No. 95, “Durability of Macromolecular Materials”, R. K. Eby, Ed., p. 211, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC (1979).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dickinson, J.T. (1984). Fracto-Emission Accompanying Adhesive Failure. In: Lee, LH. (eds) Adhesive Chemistry. Polymer Science and Technology, vol 29. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2435-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2435-5_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9481-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2435-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive