Abstract
There is now compelling evidence that the majority of human cancers have a genetic basis. This evidence derives from (1) classical cytogenetic analysis of the karyotypic abnormalities in tumor cells; (2) molecular cytogenetics, where specifically mapped molecular probes are used to demonstrate allelic differences between somatic and tumor cells; (3) the identification of transforming genes (oncogenes) in human cancers by DNA transfection; (4) specific demonstration of alteration in known proto-oncogenes by molecular techniques; and (5) the clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic study of hereditary cancer kindreds. The specific evidence from these approaches to human melanoma suggests that fundamental genetic abnormalities may also characterize this disease.
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Kefford, R.F., Shaw, H.M., McCarthy, W.H. (1988). The Ha-ras-1 oncogene and the molecular genetics of human melanoma. In: Nathanson, L. (eds) Malignant Melanoma: Biology, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 43. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1751-7_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1751-7_4
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