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Management of Aquatic Resources in Large Catchments: Recognizing Interactions Between Ecosystem Connectivity and Environmental Disturbance

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Watershed Management

Abstract

Management within catchment basins must be approached with an empirically based understanding of the natural connectivity and variability of structural and functional properties of riverine ecosystems. Rivers are four-dimensional environments involving processes that connect upstream-downstream, channel-hyporheic (groundwater), and channel-floodplain (riparian) zones or patches, and these differ temporally. Natural and human disturbances, including biotic feedback (such as predation, parasitism, and other food web dynamics), interact to determine the most probable biophysical state of the catchment ecosystem. Human disturbances can be quantitatively determined by deviations from an observed biophysical state (baseline), but usually this requires long-term ecological data sets. A case history of the Flathead River-Lake system in Montana (USA) and British Columbia (Canada) is summarized to illustrate how disturbances interact at the catchment level of organization. Owing to the natural complexities of catchment ecosystems and the cumulative effects of human disturbances, the rationale and logistics of obtaining long-term data often seem intractable and excessively expensive. The naive alternative is to derive and implement simplistic procedures that are agency specific and often result in management actions that interfere with each other. We argue that integrated management at the catchment level is needed and propose some simple principles, beginning with broader based collegiate training for prospective managers.

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  1. J. A. Stanford
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  1. Center for Streamside Studies, AR-10, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Robert J. Naiman

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Stanford, J.A., Ward, J.V. (1992). Management of Aquatic Resources in Large Catchments: Recognizing Interactions Between Ecosystem Connectivity and Environmental Disturbance. In: Naiman, R.J. (eds) Watershed Management. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4382-3_5

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