Abstract
Ca2+, the calcium ion, binding to surface sensor/receptors on the cell membrane, flowing through channels in the cell membrane, and/or surging from internal storage vesicles, “kick starts” and then drives cell cycles, triggers terminal differentiation, and ultimately kills senescent mature cells. This discussion will be divided into four parts: (1) the Ca2+ and associated signals, especially the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pulses, that start and then at several key points drive the proliferation of cells in the regenerating rat liver, a physiologically relevant wound-response model; (2) the dramatic liberation from Ca2+ control when liver cells start making Ca2+-binding/activated signal proteins in excess and secreting self-stimulating (autocrine) growth factors while on the way to malignancy; (3) the roles of Ca2+ and other signals that drive the proliferation, trigger terminal differentiation and finally the death of skin keratinocytes; and the factors that upset the normal delicate balance between Ca2+-driven proliferation, Ca2+-triggered differentiation, and Ca2+-induced death during skin carcinogenesis; and (4) the role of Ca2+ in the proliferation, differentiation, and death of colon cells and the possibility that the failure of a Ca2+-sensing mechanism might be the first step on the road to polyps and colon cancer.
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Whitfield, J.F. (1994). Calcium Signals in Cell Proliferation, Differentiation, and Death. In: Foà, P.P., Walsh, M.F. (eds) Ion Channels and Ion Pumps. Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2596-6_2
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