Abstract
Wear is the removal of material from one or both of two solid surfaces in a solid-state contact. It occurs when solid surfaces are in a sliding, rolling, or impact motion relative to one another. Wear occurs through surface interactions at asperities, and components may need replacement after a relatively small amount of material has been removed or if the surface is unduly roughened. In well-designed tribological systems, the removal of material is usually a very slow process but it is very steady and continuous. The generation and circulation of wear debris, particularly in machine applications where the clearances are small relative to the wear particle size, may be more of a problem than the actual amount of wear.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anonymous (1955). Fretting and fretting corrosion. Lubrication 41, 85–96.
Anonymous (1983). Tape/head interface study. RCA/NASA Goodard Contract No. NAS 5–26573, RCA Digital Communications and Recording Systems, Camden, New Jersey.
Asami, K., Hashimoto, K., and Shinodaira, S. (1978). An XPS study of the passivity of a series of iron-chromium alloys in sulphuric acid, Corros. Sci. 18, 151–160.
Baird, A. W., Chaurette, W. F., and Lustig, С. D. (1979). High-resolution field measurements near ferrite recording heads. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-15, 1631–1633.
Bajorek, С. H. Nicolet, M. A., and Wilts, С. H. (1971). Preferential oxidation of Fe in permalloy films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 19, 82–84.
Bellman, R., and Levy, A. (1981). Erosion mechanism in ductile metals. Wear 70, 1–27.
Bhushan, B. (1984). Influence of test parameters on the measurement of the coefficient of friction of magnetic tapes. Wear 93, 81–99.
Bhushan, B. (1985). Assessment of accelerated head-wear test methods and wear mechanisms. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 2 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 104–111. Special Publication SP-19, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Bhushan, B. (1987). Development of a wear test apparatus for screening bearing-flange materials in computer tape drives. ASLE Trans. 30, 187–195.
Bhushan, B. (1989). Tribological design-information storage and retrieval. Proc. Fifteen Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, Leeds, England, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam (in press).
Bhushan, В., and Davis, R. E. (1983). Surface analysis study of electrical-arc-induced wear. Thin Solid Films 108, 135–156.
Bhushan, В., Davis, R. E., and Gordon, M. (1985a). Metallurgical re-examination of wear modes I: Erosive, electrical arcing, and fretting. Thin Solid Films 123, 93–112.
Bhushan, В., Davis, R. E., and Kolar, H. R. (1985b). Metallurgical re-examination of wear modes II: Adhesive and abrasive. Thin Solid Films 123, 113–126.
Bhushan, В., Nelson, G. W., and Wacks, M. E. (1986). Head-wear measurements by autoradiography of the worn magnetic tapes. J. Trib., Trans. ASME 108, 241–255.
Bhushan, В., and Phelan, R. M. (1986). Frictional properties as a function of physical and chemical changes in magnetic tapes during wear. ASLE Trans. 29, 402–413.
Bhushan, В., and Phelan, R. M. (1987). Overview of Challenger space shuttle tape-recovery study. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-23, 3179–3183.
Bhushan, В., and Martin, R. J. (1988). Accelerated wear test using magnetic-particle slurries. Tribology Trans. 31, 228–238.
Bitter, J. G. A. (1963). A study of erosion phenomena. Wear 6, Part I, 5–21.
Bitter, J. G. A. (1963). A study of erosion phenomena. Wear 6, Part II, 169–190.
Brusic, V., Aboaf, J. A., MacInnes, R. D., and Alessandrini, E. I. (1981). Influence of В and P on corrosion and passivation properties of Ni films. Paper 64, presented at The Electrochemical Society meeting, Minneapolis, Minnesota, May 10–15.
Brusic, V., Russak, M., Schad, R., Frankel, G., Selius, A., DiMilia, D., and Edmonson, D. (1989). Corrosion of thin film magnetic disk: Galvanic effects of the carbon overcoat. J. Electrochem. Soc. 136, 42–46.
Burwell, J. T. (1957/1958). Survey of possible wear mechanisms. Wear 1, 119–141.
Calabrese, S. J., Bhushan, В., and Davis, R. E. (1989). A study by scanning electron microscopy of magnetic head-tape interface sliding. Wear 131, 123–133.
Calabrese, S. J., and Bhushan, B. (1990). A study by scanning electron microscopy of magnetic head-disk interface sliding. Wear (in press).
Chandrasekar, S., and Bhushan, B. (1990). Friction and wear of ceramics for magnetic recording applications part II: experimental results. J. Trib., Trans. ASME (in press).
Chandrasekar, S., Shaw, M. C., and Bhushan, B. (1987a). Comparison of grinding and lapping of ferrites and metals. J. Eng. Indus., Trans. ASME 109, 76–82.
Chandrasekar, S., Shaw, M. C., and Bhushan, B. (1987b). Morphology of ground and lapped surfaces of ferrite and metal. J. Eng. Indus., Trans. ASME 109, 83–86.
Chen, M. M., Lin, J., Wu, T. W., and Castillo, G. (1988). Wear resistance of iron oxide thin films, J. Appl. Phys. 63, 3275–3277.
Cook, N. H., and Bhushan, B. (1973). Sliding surface interface temperatures. J. hub. Tech., Trans. ASME 95, 31–36.
Cuddihy, E. F. (1976). Hygroscopic properties of magnetic recording tape. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-12, 126–135.
Dickstein, H. L., Giordano, R. P., and Dickstein, W. H. (1988). The effect of pigment volume concentration on the magnetic and mechanical performance of particulate disk coatings. Presented at Symposium on Polymers in Information Technology, ACS National Meetting, Los Angeles, California. Sept. 25–30.
Dimigen, H., and Hubsch, H. (1983–1984). Applying low-friction wear-resistant thin solid films by physical vapor deposition. Philips Tech. Rev. 41, 186–197.
Dugger, M. T., Chung, Y. W., Bhushan, В., and Rothschild, W. (1990). Friction, wear, and interfacial chemistry in thin-film magnetic rigid disk files. J. Trib., Trans. ASME (in press).
Engel, P. A. (1976). “Impact Wear of Materials.” Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Enke, K., Dimigen, H., and Hübsch, H. (1980). Frictional properties of diamond-like carbon layers. Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 291–292.
Evans, U. R. (1960). “The Corrosion and Oxidation of Metals: Scientific Principles and Practical Applications”, E. Arnold, London.
Evans, A. G., and Marshall, D. B. (1980). Wear mechanisms in ceramics. In “Fundamentals of Friction and Wear of Materials” (D. A. Rigney, ed.), pp. 439–453. ASM, Metals Park, Ohio.
Eyre, T. S. (1976). Wear characteristics of metals. Trib. Int. 9. 203–212.
Finnie, I. (1960). Erosion of surfaces by solid particles. Wear 3, 87–103.
Gatzen, H. H., Smallen, M. J., and Tedrow, P. T. (1987). Head-media wear in 51/4 in. rigid disk drives. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 4 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 116–122. Special Publication SP-22, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Glaeser, W. A. (1971). Friction and wear. IEEE Trans, on Parts, Hybrids, and Packaging PHP-7 2, 99–105.
Grimbolt, J., and Eldridge, J. M. (1982). Oxidation of Al films. J. Electrochem. Soc. 129, 2369–2372.
Hack, J., Dieter, S., and Matz, H. (1978). “Magnetic Recording Media Having a Low Coefficient of Friction.” U.S. Patent No. 4,074,002.
Hahn, F. W. (1984a). Head wear as a function of isolated asperities on the surface of magnetic tape. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-20, 918–920.
Hahn, F. W. (1984b). Wear of recording heads by magnetic tape. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 1 (B. Bhushan, et al., eds.), pp. 41–48. SP-16, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Hamilton, G. M., and Goodman, L. E. (1966). The stress field created by a circular sliding contact. J. Appl. Mech. 33, 371–376.
Harada, K. (1981). Plasma polymerized protective films for plated magnetic disks. J. Appl. Poly. Sci. 26, 3707–3718.
Hirota, E., Mihara, T., Ikeda, A., and Chiba, H. (1971). Hot-pressed Mn-Zn ferrite for magnetic recording heads. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-7, 337–341.
Hirota, E., Hirota, K., and Kugimija, K. (1980). Recent developments of ferrite heads and their materials. Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Ferrites, Tokyo, Japan, 667–674.
Hu., Y., and Talke, F. E. (1988). A study of lubricant loss in the rail region of a magnetic recording slider using ellipsometry. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 5. (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.). pp. 43–48. SP-25, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Huisman, H. F. (1984). “Magnetic Recording and Playback Device Having Means for Reducing Head Corrosion.” U.S. Patent No. 4,467,382, August 21, 1984.
Husky, D., Rhodes, R. K., and Bhushan, B. (1986). Personal communications. IBM Corporation, Tucson, Arizona.
Hutchings, I. M., and Winter, R. E. (1974). Particle errosion of ductile metals: A mechanism of material removal. Wear 27, 121–128.
Hutchings, I. M., Winter, R. E., and Field, J. E. (1976). Solid particle errosion of metals: The removal of surface material by spherical projectiles. Proc. Roy. Soc. (Lond.) A348, 379–392.
Ishikawa, M., Tani, N., Yamada, T., Ota, Y., Nakamura, K., and Itoh, A. (1986). Dual carbon, a new surface protective film for thin film hard disks. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-22, 999–1001.
Itoh, K., and Ogawa, S. (1987). Durability of magnetic coated disks. J. Mag. Soc. Jpn. 11(1), 9–12.
Kawakubo, Y. (1987). Tribology of rigid magnetic recording disks. J. Mag. Soc. Jpn. 11(1), 4–8.
Kawakubo, Y., Ishihara, H., Seo, H., and Hirano, Y. (1984). Head crash process of magnetic coated disk during contact start/stop operations. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-20, 933–935.
Kehr, W. D., Meldrum, С. В., and Thornley, R. F. M. (1975). The influence of grain size on the wear of nickel-zinc ferrite by flexible media. Wear 31, 109–117.
Kelly, J. (1982). Tape and head wear. In “Magnetic Tape Recording for the Eighties” (F. Kalil, ed.), pp. 7–22. NASA Reference Publication 1075, Washington, D.C.
Kita, T., Kogure, K., and Mitsuya, Y. (1984). Wear of the flying head of a magnetic disk file in mixed lubrication. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 1 (В. Bhushan et al., eds.), pp. 35–40. SP-16, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Klokholm, E., and Wolfe, H. L. (1984). Surface damage in manganese-zinc and nickel-zinc ferrites. NATO ASI series E85, 665–681.
Knowles, J. E. (1970). The effect of surface grinding upon the permeability of manganese-zinc ferrites. J. Phys. D3, 1346–1351.
Kragelskii, I. V. (1965). Friction and Wear. Butterworth, London.
Larsen-Basse, J. (1975). Influence of atmospheric humidity on abrasive wear I.3-body abrasion. Wear 31, 373–379.
Lauer, J. L., and Jones, W. R. (1986). Friction polymers. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 3 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 14–23. SP-21, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Lawn, B. R., and Wilshaw, T. R. (1975). “Fracture of Brittle Solids.” Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Lee, W. Y., and Eldridge, J. (1977). Oxidation studies of permalloy films by quartz crystal microbalance, AES, and XPS. J. Electrochem. Soc. 124, 1747–1751.
Lee, W. Y., and Guarnieri (1979). Effects of oxidation on the atmospheric corrosion of permalloy films. J. Electrochem. Soc. 126, 1533–1539.
Lee, M. H., Eldridge, J. M., Liclican, L., and Richardson, R. E. (1982). Electrochemical test to evaluate passivation layers: Overcoats of Si in ink. J. Electrochem. Soc. 129, 2174–2178.
Levy, F., and Wu, A. (1984). The preparation and utilization of radiolubed lubricants for determining lubricant distribution on magnetic disks. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 1 (B. Bhushan, D. Bogy, N. S. Eiss, and F. E. Talke, eds.), pp. 49–53. SP-16, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Lundberg, G., and Palmgren, A. (1947). Dynamic capacity of rolling bearings. Acta Polytechnica, Mech. Eng. Series 1, No. 3, 7, R.S.A.E.E.
Lundberg, G., and Palmgren, A. (1951). Dynamic capacity of roller bearing. Acta Polytechnia, Mech. Eng. Series 2, No. 4, 96, R.S.A.E.E.
McKenzie, D. R., McPhedran, R. C., Botten, L. C., Savvides, N., and Netterfield, R. P. (1982). Hydrogenerated carbon films produced by sputtering in argonhydrogen mixtures. Appl. Opt. 21, 3615–3617.
Miyamoto, T., Sato, I., and Ando, Y. (1988). Friction and wear characteristics of thin film disk media in boundary lubrication. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 5 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 55–61. SP-25, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Miyasato, T., Kawakami, Y., Kawano, T., and Hiraki, A. (1984). Preparation of sp3-rich amorphous carbon film by hydrogen gas reactive rf-sputtering of graphite, and its properties. Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 23, L234–L237.
Miyoshi, K. (1987). Effect of abrasive grit size on wear of manganese-zinc ferrite under three-body condition. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 4 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 123–132. SP-22, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Miyoshi, K., and Buckley, D. H. (1984). Effects of water vapor on friction and deformation of polymeric magnetic media in contact with a ceramic oxide. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 1 (B. Bhushan et al., eds.), pp. 27–34. SP-16, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Miyoshi, K., Buckley, D. H., and Tanaka, K. (1985). Effect of wear of structure-sensitive magnetic properties of ceramic ferrite in contact with magnetic tape. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 2 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 112–118. SP-19, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Miyoshi, K., Buckley, D. H., and Tanaka, K. (1986). Abrasion and deformed layer formation of manganese-zinc ferrite in sliding contact with lapping tapes. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 3 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 42–49. SP-21, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Mizushima, M. (1971). Mn-Zn single crystal ferrite as a video-head material. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-7, 342–345.
Novotny, V., Itnyre, G., Homola, A., and Franco, L. (1987). Corrosion of thin film cobalt based magnetic recording media. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-23, 3465–3647.
Novotny, V. and Staud, N. (1988). Correlation between environmental and electrochemical corrosion of thin film magnetic recording media, J. Electrochem. Soc. 135, 2931–2938.
Nyaiesh, A., and Holland, L. (1984). The growth of amorphous and graphitic carbon layers under ion bombardment in an RF plasma. Vacuum 34, 519–522.
Ohta, S., Yoshimura, F., Kimachi, Y., and Terada, A. (1987). Wear properties of sputtered y-Fe203 thin film disks. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems, Vol. 4 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 110–115. SP-22, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Owen, R. J. (1971). “Magnetic Head/Tape Interface Study for Satellite Tape Recorders,” Vols. I to III. IIITRI/NASA Goddard Contract No. NAS5–11622, IIT Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois.
Ozawa, K., Wakasugi, H., and Tanaka, K. (1984). Friction and wear of magnetic heads and amorphous metal sliding against magnetic tapes. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-20, 425–430.
Pethica, J. В., Koidl, P., Gobrecht, J., and Schüler, С. (1985). Micromechanical investigations of amorphous hydrogenated carbon films on silicon. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 6, 2391–2393.
Polleys, R. W. (1978). Work hardening of ferrite head surfaces by wear with flexible recording media. IBM J. Res. Dev. 22, 675–680.
Potgiesser, J. A., and Koorneef, J. (1974). Mechanical wear and degeneration of the magnetic properties of magnetic heads caused by the tape. The Radio and Electronic Engineer, 44, 313–318.
Rabinowicz, E. (1965). “Friction and Wear of Materials.” Wiley, New York.
Rabinowicz, E. (1986). The tribology of magnetic recording systems—an overview. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 3 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 1–7. SP-21, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Saito, S., Futamoto, M., Honde, Y., Nishimura, T., and Yoshida, K. (1987). Wear-resistant properties of protective layers applied to thin-film metallic media. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-23, 2398–2400.
Sato, I. (1987). Tribology of y-Fe203 sputtered disk media. J. Mag. Soc. Jpn 11 (1), 22–26.
Scarati, A. M., and Caporiccio, G. (1987). Frictional behavior and wear resistance of rigid disks lubricated with neutral and functional perfluoropolyethers. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-23, 106–108.
Smallen, M., Мее, P. В., Ahmad, A., Freitag, W., and Nanis, L. (1985). Observations on electrochemical and environmental corrosion tests for cobalt alloy disc media. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-21, 1530–1532.
Smit, J. (1971). “Magnetic Properties of Materials,” Chapter 1. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Snelling, E. C., and Giles, A. D. (1983). “Ferrites for Inductors and Transformers,” Chapters 3 and 4. Research Studies Press, England.
Söderberg, S., Hogmark, S. and Swahn, H. (1983). Mechanisms of material removal during erosion of a stainless steel. ASLE Trans. 26, 161–172.
Sterne, E., and Tamme, D. (1965). Magnetostriction effects in remanence phase shifters. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theo, and Tech. MTT-13, 873–874.
Tago, A., Satoh, I., Kogure, K., and Kita, T. (1980). Methods of estimating mechanical characteristics for magnetic recording disks. Rev. Elec. Comm. Lab. 28 (5–6), 405–414.
Talke, F. E., and Tseng, R. C. (1973). A study of material transfer during abrasive wear using autoradiographic methods. Lett. App. Eng. Sci. 1, 241–255.
Talke, F. E., and Su, J. L. (1975). The mechanism of wear in magnetic recording disk files. Trib. Int. 8, 15–20.
Tallian, T. E., Baile, G. H., Dalai, H., Gustafsson, O. G. (1974). “Rolling Bearing Damage.” SKF Industries Inc., King of Prussia, Pennsylvania.
Tanaka, K., Miyoshi, K., Miyao, Y., and Murayama, T. (1975). Friction and deformation of Mn-Zn ferrite single crystals. Proc. JSLE/ASIE Int. Lub. Conf., Tokyo, Japan, 58–65.
Tarumi, K., and Noro, Y. (1982). A theoretical analysis of modulation noise and dc erased noise in magnetic recording. Appl. Phys. A28, 235–240.
Terada, A., Ohtani, Y., Kimachi, Y., and Yoshimura, F. (1988). Wear properties of lubricated medium surface under high velocity head sliding. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 5 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 69–73. SP-25, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Thurlings, L. (1983). On the noise powered spectral density of particulate recording media. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-19, 84–89.
Timsit, R. S., Stratford, G., and Fairlee, M. (1987). Characterization of lubricant/solid interfaces by FTIR. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 4 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 98–104. SP-22, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Timsit, R. S., and Stratford, G. (1988). Effect of humidity on friction at magnetic-head/hard-disk interfaces. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 5 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 17–23. SP-25, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Tseng, R. C., and Talke, F. E. (1974). Transition from boundary lubrication to hydrodynamic lubrication of slider bearings. IBM J. Res. Dev. 18, 534–540.
Tsukamoto, Y., Yamaguchi, H., and Yanagisawa, M. (1988). Mechanical properties and wear characteristics of various thin films for rigid magnetic disks. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-24, 2644–2646.
Van Groenou, A. B. (1988). On the laws of head wear in video tape recording: The influence of pressure and time. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems,” Vol. 5 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 108–116. SP-25, STLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Wagner, C., and Traud, W. (1938). Interpretation of corrosion phenomena by superimposition of electrochemical partial reaction and the formation of potentials of mixed electrodes. Z. Elektrochem. 44, 391–402.
Walter, J. M. (1972). “Physical Chemistry”, 4th Ed., Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
Watanabe, H., and Yamaga, I. (1972). Low noise manganese-zinc single crystal ferrite heads. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-8, 497–500.
Waterhouse, R. B. (1981). Fretting wear. Proc. Int. Conf. on Wear of Materials, pp. 17–22. ASME, New York.
Weiss, R. D. (1979). Abrasive wear in magnetic disk recording. J. Appl. Phys. 50, 2399–2401.
Westwood, A. R. C. (1977). Environment-sensitive fracture of ionic and ceramic solids. Proc. Int. Conf. on Mechanisms of Environment Sensitive Cracking of Materials (A. R. С. Westwood, et al., eds.), pp. 283–297. Metals Soc., London.
Wiederhorn, S. M. (1967). Influence of water vapor on crack propagation in soda-lime glass. J. Amer. Cer. Soc. 50, 407–414.
Wiederhorn, S. M. (1969). “Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Ceramics,” (J. B. Wachtman, ed.), p. 217. NBS Spec. Pub. 303, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Yamashita, T., Chen, G. L., Shir, J., and Chen, T. (1988). Sputtered ZrO2 overcoat with superior corrosion protection and mechanical performance in thin film rigid disk application. IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-24, 2629–2634.
Yanagisawa, M. (1985a). Lubricants on plated magnetic recording disks. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Recording Systems,” Vol. 2 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 7–15. SP-19, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Yanagisawa, M. (1985b). Tribological properties of spin-coated SiO2 protective film on plated magnetic recording disks. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Recording Systems,” Vol. 2 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 16–20. SP-19, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Yanagisawa, M. (1987). Depletion of liquid lubricants on magnetic recording disks. In “Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Systems, Vol. 4 (B. Bhushan and N. S. Eiss, eds.), pp. 93–97. SP-22, ASLE, Park Ridge, Illinois.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bhushan, B. (1996). Wear Mechanisms. In: Tribology and Mechanics of Magnetic Storage Devices. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2364-1_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2364-1_6
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7517-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2364-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive