Abstract
Lung Carcinoma: this chapter outlines the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, investigations, treatments and prognosis of cancer at this anatomical site. These features are correlated with the core data that are required to make the corresponding histopathology reports of a consistently high quality, available in an appropriate timeframe, and clinically relevant to patient management and prognosis. Summary details of the common cancers given at this site include: gross description, histological types, tumour grade/differentiation, extent of local tumour spread, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node involvement, and the status of excision margins. Current WHO Classifications of Malignant Tumours and TNM7 are referenced. Notes are provided on other associated pathology, contemporary use of immunohistochemistry, updates on the role of evolving molecular tests, and the use of these ancillary techniques as biomarkers in diagnosis, and prediction of prognosis and treatment response. A summary is given of the commoner non-carcinoma malignancies that are encountered at this site in diagnostic practice.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Bibliography
Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology. Recommendations for the reporting of resected primary lung carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 1995;26:937–9.
Baldwin DR, White B, Schmidt-Hansen M, Champion AR, Melder AM on behalf of the Guideline Development Group. Diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer: summary of updated NICE guidance. BMJ. 2011;343:1019–22.
Beasley MB. Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours and proliferations: a review and update. Diagn Histopathol. 2008;14:465–73.
Burnett RA, Swanson Beck J, Howatson SR, Lee FD, Lessells AM, McLaren KM, Ogston S, Robertson AJ, Simpson JG, Smith GD, Tavadia HB, Walker F. Observer variability in histopathological reporting of malignant bronchial biopsy specimens. J Clin Pathol. 1994;47:711–3.
Colby TV, Koss MN. Tumors of the lower respiratory tract. Atlas of tumor pathology. 3rd series. Fascicle 13. Washington: AFIP; 1995.
Corrin B, Nicholson AG. Pathology of the lungs. 3rd ed. London: Churchill Livingstone; 2011.
Flieder DB. Recent advances in the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma: the impact of lung cancer screening on histopathologists. Curr Diagn Pathol. 2004;10:269–78.
Guinee Jr DG. Update on pulmonary and pleural lymphoproliferative disorders. Diagn Histopathol. 2008;14:474–98.
Kerr KM. Morphology and genetics of pre-invasive pulmonary disease. Curr Diagn Pathol. 2004;10:259–68.
Kerr KM. Pulmonary adenocarcinomas: classification and reporting. Histopathology. 2009;54:12–27.
Kerr KM. Personalized medicine for lung cancer: new challenges for pathology. Histopathology. 2012;60:531–46.
Lantuejoul S, Brambilla E. Prognostic biomarkers in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Curr Diagn Pathol. 2006;12:418–28.
Lantuejoul S, Salameire D, Salon C, Brambilla E. Pulmonary preneoplasia – sequential molecular carcinogenetic events. Histopathology. 2009;54:43–54.
Marson JV, Mazieres J, Groussard O, Garcia O, Berjaud J, Dahan M, Carles P, Daste G. Expression of TTF-1 and cytokeratins in primary and secondary epithelial lung tumours: correlation with histological type and grade. Histopathology. 2004;45:125–34.
McLean EC, Monaghan H, Salter DM, Wallace WA. Evaluation of adjunct immunohistochemistry on reporting patterns of non-small cell lung carcinoma diagnosed histologically in a regional pathology centre. J Clin Pathol. 2011;64:1136–8.
McNulty M, Cox G, Au-Yong I. Investigating the solitary pulmonary nodule. BMJ. 2012;344:44–6.
Salter DM. Pulmonary and thoracic sarcomas. Curr Diagn Pathol. 2006;12:409–17.
The Royal College of Pathologists. Lung Cancer Dataset and Tissue Pathways for Pulmonary Pathology and Cardiovascular Pathology. Accessed at http://www.rcpath.org/index.asp?PageID=254.
Travis WD. Reporting lung cancer pathology specimens. Impact of the anticipated 7th edition TNM classification based on recommendations of the IASLC Staging Committee. Histopathology. 2009;54:3–11.
Travis WD, Colby TV, Koss MN, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Muller NL, King TE. Non-neoplastic disorders of the respiratory tract. Atlas of nontumor pathology. Fascicle 2. Washington: AFIP; 2002.
Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermelink HK, Harris CC. WHO classification of tumours, Pathology and genetics. Tumours of the lung, pleura, thymus and heart. Lyon: IARC Press; 2004.
Wallace WAH. The challenge of classifying poorly differentiated tumours in the lung. Histopathology. 2009;54:28–42.
Wittekind CF, Greene FL, Hutter RVP, Klimpfinger M, Sobib LH. TNM atlas: illustrated guide to the TNM/pTNM classification of malignant tumours. 5th ed. Berlin: Springer; 2005.
Yeh Y-C, Wu Y-C, Chen C-Y, Wang L-S, Hsu W-H, Chou T-Y. Stromal invasion and micropapillary pattern in 212 consecutive surgically resected stage 1 lung adenocarcinomas: histopathological categories for prognosis prediction. J Clin Pathol. 2012;65:910–8.
Zhang J, Liang Z, Gao J, Luo Y, Liu T. Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern: a clinicopathological, immunophenotypic and molecular analysis. Histopathology. 2011;59:1204–14.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Allen, D.C. (2013). Lung Carcinoma. In: Histopathology Reporting. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5263-7_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5263-7_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-5262-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-5263-7
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)