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Blood Pressure Variability: Measurements, Influential Factors, Prognosis and Therapy

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Blood Pressure and Arterial Wall Mechanics in Cardiovascular Diseases

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Abstract

It was reported that, in addition to blood pressure (BP) level, BP variability could also provide prognostic value of target organ damage, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Therefore, evaluation of patients’ BP variability could potentially offer guiding information on their clinical therapy. BP variability could be assessed by calculating standard deviation, coefficient of variation and other parameters of BP readings from 24-h ambulatory BP monitor, known as short-term BP variability. More recently, an emerging BP variability can be derived from regular home and office BP recordings for 1 week or several months, known as long-term BP variability. Although the cause and meaning of fluctuated BP was not well elucidated, several factors, including age, mean BP, heart rate variability and arterial stiffness, may influence patients’ BP variability. Most clinical investigations indicated a significant prognostic value of either short- or long-term BP variability, with regards to target organ damage, cardiovascular events and mortality, but controversy exists in this field, especially its incremental prognostic value in addition to BP level. Till now, there is no solid evidence indicating any effective agent in terms of BP variability reduction, but some clinical studies favor CCB in reducing both short- and long-term BP variability. Further studies are warranted to investigate the standardized evaluation of patients’ BP variation, its cause and added prognostic significance, as well as effective treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Middle Yanchang Road 301, Shanghai, 200072, China

    Yi Zhang MD, PhD

  2. Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, 1, Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75181, Paris, France

    Davide Agnoletti MD, PhD & Alexandra Yannoutsos MD

  3. Department of Medicine, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, 1, Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75181, Paris, France

    Michel E. Safar MD & Jacques Blacher MD, PhD

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  1. Yi Zhang MD, PhD
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  2. Davide Agnoletti MD, PhD
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  3. Alexandra Yannoutsos MD
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  4. Michel E. Safar MD
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Correspondence to Jacques Blacher MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hôtel-Dieu Hospital Diagnosis and Therapeutics Center, Paris Descartes University, Paris, Paris, France

    Michel E. Safar

  2. St Vincent Clinic and Hospital, University of New South Wales, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

    Michael F. O'Rourke

  3. Department of Cardiology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

    Edward D. Frohlich

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Zhang, Y., Agnoletti, D., Yannoutsos, A., Safar, M.E., Blacher, J. (2014). Blood Pressure Variability: Measurements, Influential Factors, Prognosis and Therapy. In: Safar, M., O'Rourke, M., Frohlich, E. (eds) Blood Pressure and Arterial Wall Mechanics in Cardiovascular Diseases. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5198-2_41

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