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Characteristics of the Solvus

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The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Components

Part of the book series: Engineering Materials ((ENG.MAT.))

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Abstract

This chapter deals with the dilute side of metal-hydrogen phase diagrams (referred to as the solvus). It starts out with a review examining in general the sources of hysteresis in first-order phase transitions. From this review it is concluded that, generally, hysteresis is the result of the presence of a macroscopic energy barrier that must be overcome during phase transformation. Such a finite-sized barrier cannot be overcome by thermal fluctuations alone but, when overcome through the application of a sufficiently large externally applied thermodynamic force, results in a finite boundary movement, the energy of which is dissipated by internal entropy production. It is concluded that the internal entropy production produced by this finite phase boundary movement is the main source of hysteresis. In comparison, the earliest models of hysteresis in hydride forming metals reviewed in this chapter all assume that hysteresis is a consequence of plastic relaxation of the accommodation energy barrier during or after the phase transformation. An updated version of the accommodation energy model for hysteresis derived for the Zr–H system is given.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The coherency energy change is defined as the difference in energy between the constrained and stress-free states and is, therefore, always a positive quantity whist the work done is defined as the difference in energy between the final and initial states and can, therefore be either positive or negative.

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    Manfred P. Puls

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Puls, M.P. (2012). Characteristics of the Solvus. In: The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Components. Engineering Materials. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4195-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4195-2_6

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