Abstract
Considering the growing importance of energy savings and environment friendliness, solid-state lighting (SSL) is emerging as a highly competent and viable alternative to existing lighting technologies. White light organic light emitting devices (WOLEDs) are capturing the imagination of manufacturers, product designers, and end users owing to their potential use in SSL. Differentiating attributes of white OLEDs are brightness, high color rendering index (CRI), high contrast ratio, thin and lightweight, cost-effective and ease to deposit on plastic substrates to fabricate flexible light sources of different shapes.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Pfeiffer M, Forrest SR, Leo K, Thomson ME (2002) Electrophosphorescent p-i-n organic light-emitting devices for very-high-efficiency flat-panel displays. Adv Mater 14:1633–1636
Baldo MA, O’Brien DF, You Y, Shoustikov A, Sibley S, Thompson ME, Forrest SR (1998) Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices. Nature (London) 395:151–154
Adachi C, Baldo MA, Forrest SR, Lamansky S, Thompson ME, Kwong RC (2001) High-efficiency red electrophosphorescence devices. Appl Phys Lett 78:1622–1624
Tanaka D, Sasabe H, Li YJ, Su SJ, Takea T, Kido J (2007) Ultra high efficiency green organic light-emitting devices. Jpn J Appl Phys, Part 2 46:L10–L12
Chopra N, Lee JW, Zheng Y, Eom SH, Xue JG, So F (2008) High efficiency blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting device. Appl Phys Lett 93:143307-1–143307-3
D’Andrade BW, Esler J, Lin C, Adamovich V, Xia S, Weaver MS, Kwon R, Brown JJ (2008) White phosphorescent OLEDs: maximizing the power efficacy lifetime product. International meeting on information display/International display manufacturing conference, vol 8. KINTEX, Ilsan Korea, IMID08, 13–17 Oct 2008, pp 1109–1111
Baldo MA, Forrest SR (2000) Transient analysis of organic electrophosphorescence: I. Transient analysis of triplet energy transfer. Phy Rev B 62:10958–10966
Coushi K, Kwon R, Brown JJ, Sasabe H, Adachi C (2004) Triplet exciton confinement and unconfinement by adjacent hole-transport layers. J Appl Phys 95:7798–7802
Tanaka D, Sasabe H, Li YJ, Su SJ, Takeda T, Kido J (2007) Ultra high efficiency green organic light-emitting devices. Jpn J Appl Phys, Express Lett. (Japan) 46:L10–L12
Jeon WS, Park TJ, Kim SY, Pode R, Jang J, Kwon JH (2008) Low roll-off efficiency green phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices with simple double emissive layer structure. Appl Phys Lett 93:063303-1–063303-3
Meyer J, Hamwi S, Bülow T, Johannes HH, Riedl T, Kowalsky W (2007) Highly efficient simplified organic light emitting diodes. Appl Phys Lett 91:113506-1–113506-3
Liu ZW, Helander MG, Wang ZB, Lu ZH (2009) Efficient bilayer phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes: direct hole injection into triplet dopants. Appl Phys Lett 94:113305-1–113305-3
Huang Q, Cui J, Yan H, Veinot JGC, Marks TJ (2002) Small molecule organic light-emitting diodes can exhibit high performance without conventional hole transport layers. Appl Phys Lett 81:3528–3530
Gao Y, Wang L, Zhang D, Duan L, Dong G, Qiu Y (2003) Bright single-active layer small-molecular organic light-emitting diodes with a polytetrafluoroethylene barrier. Appl Phys Lett 82:155–157
Wang HF, Wang LD, Wu ZX, Zhang DQ, Qiao J, Qui Y, Wang XG (2006) Efficient single-active-layer organic light-emitting diodes with fluoropolymer buffer layers. Appl Phys Lett 88:131113-1–131113-3
Tse SC, Tsung KK, So SK (2007) Single-layer organic light-emitting diodes using naphthyl diamine. Appl Phys Lett 90:213502-1–213502-3
Duggal AR, Heller CM, Shiang JJ, Liu J, Lewis LN (2007) Solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes for lighting. J Disp Technol 3:184–192
Choulis SA, Choong VE, Mathai MK, So F (2005) The effect of interfacial layer on the performance of organic light-emitting diodes. App Phys Lett 87:113503-1–113503-3
Misra A, Kumar P, Kamalasanan MN, Chandra S (2006) White organic LEDs and their recent advancements. Semicond Sci Technol 21:R35–R47
Archenhold G, Future trend in solid state lighting, focus technology LEDs. http://www.lexedis.com/download/mondoarc_06_07_GB.pdf
Sasabe H, Kido J (2011) Multifunctional materials in high-performance OLEDs: challenges for solid-state lighting. Chem Mater 23(3):621–630
Xiao L, Chen Z, Qu B, Luo J, Kong S, Gong Q, Kido J (2011) Recent progresses on materials for electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting devices. Adv Mater 23:926–952
Kamtekar KT, Monkman AP, Bryce MR (2010) Recent advances in white organic light-emitting materials and devices (WOLEDs). Adv Mater 22:572–582
Spindler JP, Hatwar TK (2010) White light tandem OLED. US Patent 7,816,859 B2, 19 Oct 2010
Cok RS (2004) OLED lighting apparatus. US Patent 6,819,036 B2, 16 Nov 2004
Cok RS (2005) OLED lamp. US Patent 6,936,964 B2, 30 Aug 2005
Strip DR (2005) Series/Parallel OLED light source. US Patent 6,870,196 B2, 22 Mar 2005
Foust DF, Duggal AR, Shiang JJ, Nealon WF, Bortscheller JC (2008) OLED area illumination source. US Patent 7,348,738 B2, 25 Mar 2008
Destruel P, Jolinat P, Clergereaux R, Farenc J (1999) Pressure dependence of electrical and optical characteristics of Alq3 based organic electroluminescent diodes. J Appl Phys 85:397–400
D’Andrade BW, Forrest SR (2004) White organic light-emitting devices for solid-state lighting. Adv Mater (Weinheim, Ger.) 16:1585–1595
Tang CW, VanSlyke SA (1987) Organic electroluminescent diodes. Appl Phys Lett 51:913–915
Huang J, Blochwitz-Nimoth J, Pfeiffer M, Leo K (2003) Influence of the thickness and doping of the emission layer on the performance of organic light-emitting diodes with PiN structure. J App Phys 93:838–844
He G, Pfeiffer M, Leo K, Hofmann M, Brinstock J, Pudzich R, Salbeck J (2004) High-efficiency and low-voltage p-i-n electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with double-emission layers. Appl Phys Lett 85:3911–3913
He G, Schneider O, Qin D, Zhou X, Pfeiffer M, Leo K (2004) Very high-efficiency and low voltage phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes based on a p-i-n junction. J App Phys 95:5773–5777
Kondakova ME, Pawlik TD, Young RH, Giesen DJ, Kondakov DY, Brown CT, Deaton JC, Lenhard JR, Klubek KP (2008) High-efficiency, low-voltage phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode devices with mixed host. J Appl Phys 104:094501-1–094501-17
Partridge R (1983) Electroluminescence from polyvinylcarbazole films: 1. Carbazole cations. Polymer 24:733–738
Burroughes JH, Bradley DDC, Brown AR, Marks RN, MacKay K, Friend RH, Burns PL, Holmes AB (1990) Light-emitting diodes based on conjugated polymers. Nature 347:539–541
Friend RH, Burroughes JH, Bradley DD (1993) US Patent 5,247,190, 21 Sept 1993
Friend RH, Gymer RW, Holmes AB, Burroughes JH, Marks RN, Taliani C, Bradley DDC, Dos Santos DA, Brédas JL, Lögdlund M, Salaneck WR (1999) Electroluminescence in conjugated polymers. Nature 397:121–128
Tsuzuki T, Shirasawa N, Suzuki T, Tokito S (2003) Color tunable organic light-emitting diodes using pentafluorophenyl-substituted iridium complexes. Adv Mater 15:1455–1458
Adachi C, Baldo MA, Forrest SR, Thompson ME (2000) High-efficiency organic electrophosphorescent devices with tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium doped into electron-transporting materials. App Phys Lett 77:904–906
Sun Y, Giebink NC, Kanno H, Ma B, Thompson ME, Forrest SR (2006) Light-emitting devices containing network electrode polymers in electron blocking layer. Nature 440:908–912
Baldo MA, Lamansky S, Burrows PE, Thompson ME, Forrest SR (1999) Very high-efficiency green organic light-emitting devices based on electrophosphorescence. App Phys Lett 75:4–6
Adachi C, Baldo MA, Thompson ME, Forrest SR (2001) Nearly 100% internal phosphorescence efficiency in an organic light-emitting device. J App Phys 90:5048–5051
Adachi C, Kwong RC, Djurovich P, Adamovich V, Baldo MA, Thompson ME, Forrest SR (2001) Endothermic energy transfer: a mechanism for generating very efficient high-energy phosphorescent emission in organic materials. App Phys Lett 79:2082–2084
Holmes RJ, Forrest SR, Tung YJ, Kwong RC, Brown JJ, Garon S, Thompson ME (2003) Blue organic electrophosphorescence using exothermic host–guest energy transfer. App Phys Lett 82:2422–2424
Py C, D’Iorio M, Tao Y, Stapledon J, Marshall P (2000) A passive matrix addressed organic electroluminescent display using a stack of insulators as row separators. Synth Met 113:155–159
Pribat D, Plais F (2001) Matrix addressing for organic electroluminescent displays. Thin Solid Films 383:25–30
Lilja KE, Bäcklund TG, Lupo D, Virtanen J, Hämäläinen E, Joutsenoja T (2010) Printed organic diode backplane for matrix addressing an electrophoretic display. Thin Solid Films 518:4385–4389
Lee CJ, Pode RB, Moon DG, Han JI (2004) Realization of an efficient top emission organic light-emitting device with novel electrodes. Thin Solid Films 467:201–208
Pode RB, Lee CJ, Moon DG, Han JI (2004) Transparent conducting metal electrode for top emission organic light-emitting devices: Ca–Ag double layer. Appl Phys Lett 84:4614–4616
Lee CJ, Pode RB, Moon DG, Han JI, Park NH, Baik SH, Ju SS (2004) On the problem of microcavity effects on the top emitting OLED with semitransparent metal cathode. Phys Stat Sol (a) 201:1022–1028
Feng T, Ali TA, Ramakrishnan ES, Campos R, Howard WE (2000) In: Kafafi ZH (ed) Organic light-emitting materials and devices IV, vol 4105. San Diego, USA, Proceedings of SPIE, 31 July–2 Aug 2000, p 30
Riel H, Karg S, Beierlein T, Rieb W, Neyts K (2003) Tuning the emission characteristics of top-emitting organic light-emitting devices by means of a dielectric capping layer: an experimental and theoretical study. J Appl Phys 94:5290–5296
Twentieth Finetech Japan 2010, Tokyo 163-0570, Japan, 14–16 Apr 2010. http://www.novaled.com
NOVALED Transparent OLED Lighting Panel (2011). http://www.oled-display.net/novaled-show-transparent-oled-lighting-panels-at-digital-experience-Consumer Electronics Show-2011
Sony Develops Flexible, Transparent OLED Display (2008). http://www.geek.com/articles/gadgets/sony-develops-flexible-transparent-oled-display-2008106
Hou J, Wu J, Xie Z, Wang L (2009) Efficient inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes using ultrathin MoO3/C60 bilayer structure to enhance hole injection. Appl Phys Lett 95:203508-1–203508-3
Thomschke M, Nitsche R, Furno M, Leo K (2009) Optimized efficiency and angular emission characteristics of white top-emitting organic electroluminescent diodes. Appl Phys Lett 94:083303-1–083303-3
Ryu SY, Noh JH, Hwang BH, Kim CS, Jo SJ, Kim JT, Hwang HS, Baik HK, Jeong HS, Lee CH, Song SY, Choi SH, Park SY (2008) Transparent organic light-emitting diodes consisting of a metal oxide multilayer cathode. Appl Phys Lett 92:023306-1–023306-3
Lim JT, Lee JH, Park JK, Park BJ, Yeom GY (2008) Top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes based on semitransparent conducting cathode of Ba/Al/ITO. Surf Coat Technol 202:5646–5649
Lee HK, Park IS, Kwak JH, Yoon DY, Lee CH (2010) Improvement of electron injection in inverted bottom-emission blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes using zinc oxide nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett 96:153306-1–153306-3
Lee YJ, Kim JH, Kwon SN, Min CK, Yi Y, Kim JW, Koo B, Hong MP (2008) Interface studies of Aluminum, 8-hydroxyquinolatolithium (Liq) and Alq3 for inverted OLED application. Org Electron 9:407–412
Meyer J, Winkler T, Hamwi S, Schmale S, Kröger M, Görrn P, Johannes HH, Riedl T, Lang E, Becker D, Dobbertin T, Kowalsky W (2007) Highly efficient fully transparent inverted OLEDs. Proc. SPIE 6655:66550L-1–66550L-10
Dobbertin T, Schneider D, Kammoun A, Meyer J, Werner O, Kroger M, Riedl T, Becker E, Schildknecht C, Johannes HH, Kowalsky W (2004) Inverted topside-emitting OLED. Proc. SPIE (SPIE, Bellingham, WA) 5214:150–161
Lee YJ, Kim JH, Jang JN, Yang IH, Kwon SN, Hong MP, Kim DC, Oh KS, Yoo SJ, Lee BJ, Jang WG (2009) Development of inverted OLED with top ITO anode by plasma damage-free sputtering. Thin Solid Films 517:4019–4022
Chen CW, Yang Y, Wu CC (2004) Novel bottom cathode structure for inverted top-emitting OLEDs. Proceedings of the international symposium on super-functionality organic devices, IPAP conference series 6, pp 114–116
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA). http://www.iesna.org
Visionox. www.visionox.com/en
American National Standard, Specifications for the Chromaticity of Solid State Lighting Products. http://www.ledart.ru/files/img/C78.377-2008.pdf
Holmes RJ, D’Andrande BW, Ren X, Li J, Thompson ME, Forrest SR (2003) Efficient, deep-blue organic electrophosphorescence by guest charge trapping. Appl Phys Lett 83:3818–3820
Li F, Cheng G, Zhao Y, Feng F, Liu SY (2003) White-electrophosphorescence devices based on rhenium complexes. Appl Phys Lett 83:4716–4718
Liu J, Zhou Q, Cheng Y, Geng Y, Wang L, Ma D, Jing X, Wang F (2006) White electrolumineseence from a single-polymer system with simultaneous two-color emission, polyfluorene as the blue host and a 2, 1, 3-benzothiadiazole derivative as the orange dopant on the main chain. Adv Funct Mater 16:957–965
Attar HA, Monkman AP, Tavasli M, Bettington S, Bryce MR (2005) White polymeric light-emitting diode based on a fluorine polymer/Ir complex blend system. Appl Phys Lett 86:121101-1–121101-3
Chang CH, Tien KC, Chen CC, Lin MS, Cheng HC, Liu SH, Wu CC, Hung JY, Chiu YC, Chi Y (2010) Efficient phosphorescent white OLEDs with high color rendering capability. Org Electron 11:412–418
Fast2Light Consortium. www.fast2light.org/
Solid State Lighting Technology Scenery (LED, OLED) Displaybank Report 2007
Novaled Press release, 7 June 2006. http://www.novaled.com/news/2006_06_07_pr.html
http://www.konicaminolta.com/about/research/oled/advanced/vol01.html
Visser P (2008) The next: OLEDs the next light source, the olla project. http://spie.org/documents/Newsroom/audio/Visser.pdf
Grabowski SP (2008) Organic LED lighting in European dimensions, EU-concertation meeting FP7 photonic projects, Barcelona, 18–19 Sept 2008. ftp://ftp.cordis.europa.eu/pub/fp7/ict/docs/photonics/20080918-presentation-concertation-oled100_en.pdf
Osram Lighting Overview (2010). http://www.osram-os.com/osram_os/EN/Products/Product_Promotions/OLED_Lighting/_pdf/OS_SSL_OLED_Overview.pdf
OLED Displays and Lighting Applications (2010). http://www.novaled.com/downloadcenter/Novaled_Profile_070410.pdf. The OLED Lighting User’s Manual. http://www.novaled.com/downloadcenter/manual_short_preview.pdf
Hack M (2009) Universal display corporation DOE R & D workshop, San Francisco, 4 Feb 2009. http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/ssl/hack_ssl09.pdf
Lee TW, Noh TY, Choi BK, Kim MS, Shin DW, Kido J (2008) High-efficiency stacked white organic light-emitting diodes. Appl Phys Lett 92:043301-1–043301-3
Q&A with Verbatim’s OLED team, 13 Sept 2010. http://www.oled-info.com/qa-verbatims-oled-team
Kanno H, Giebink NC, Sun Y, Forrest SR (2006) Stacked white organic light-emitting devices based on a combination of fluorescent and phosphorescent emitters. Appl Phys Lett 89:023503-1–023503-3
Kanno H, Hamada Y, Nishimura K, Okumoto K, Saito N, Ishida H, Takahashi H, Shibata K, Mameno K (2006) High efficiency stacked organic light-emitting diodes employing Li2O as a connecting layer. Jpn J Appl Phys 45(12): 9219–9223
Chin BD, Kim JK, Park OO (2007) Controlled light emission from white organic light-emitting devices with a single blue-emitting host and multiple fluorescent dopants. J Phys D: Appl Phys 40:4436–4441
Ko YW, Chung CH, Lee JH, Kim YH, Sohn CY, Kim BC, Hwang CS, Song YH, Lim JT, Ahn YJ, Kang GW, Lee NH, Lee CH (2003) Efficient white organic light emission by single emitting layer. Thin Solid Films 426:246–249
Jang SE, Yook KS, Lee JY (2011) Simplified white phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes without any charge transport layer. Curr Appl Phys 11:865–868
http://www.oled-display.net/basf-and-osram-set-new-standards-for-energy-saving-oled-lighting
Ide N, Komoda T, Kido J (2006) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and its application to lighting devices. Proc. SPIE 6333:63330M
Lee MT, Lin JS, Chu MT, Tseng MR (2008) Low-voltage, high-efficiency blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices. Appl Phys Lett 92:173305-1–173305-3
Highly efficient white OLEDs for lighting applications. http://www.novaled.com/news/download/2005_10_27_1130915163spie_english.pdf
Kaneka to Release Organic LED Panel in March, 17 Feb 2011. http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/english/NEWS_EN/20110217/189647/
Jung KH, Bae JY, Park SJ, Yoo SH, Bae BS (2011) High performance organic-inorganic hybrid barrier coating for encapsulation of OLEDs. J Mater Chem 21:1977–1983
Rakuff S, Farquhar DS, Heller CMA, Erlat AG (2011) Hermetic package with getter materials, WO/2011/014307, 3 Feb 2011
Sprengard R, Bonrad K, Däubler TK, Frank T, Hagemann V, Köhler I, Pommerehne J, Ottermann C, Voges F, Vingerling B (2004) OLED devices for signage applications - a review of recent advances and remaining challenges, organic light-emitting materials and devices VIII. In: Kafafi ZH, Lane PA (eds) Proceedings of SPIE, 5519:173–183
Yong Q, Lian D, Yang L, Liduo W, Organic light-emitting devices and their encapsulation method and application of this method. US Patent 7317280 B2, 8 Jan 2008
Galand E (2010) Thin-film encapsulation of organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), 25 June 2010. http://www.swisslaser.net/libraries.files/GALAND_CSEM_EG_June_2010.pdf
Wu Z, Wang L, Chang C, Qiu Y (2005) A hybrid encapsulation of organic light-emitting devices. J Phys D: Appl Phys 38:981–984
Riedl T, Meyer J, Schmidt H, Winkler T, Kowalsky W (2010) Thin film encapsulation of top-emitting OLEDs using atomic layer deposition, OSA/sensors 2010
Han JM, Han JW, Chun JY, Ok CH, Seo DS (2008) Novel encapsulation method for flexible organic light-emitting diodes using poly(dimethylsiloxane). Jpn J Appl Phys 47:8986–8988
Munisamy A (2010) Flexible OLED light source. US Patent 7663312, 16 Feb 2010
Kim GH, Oh JY, Yang YS, Do LM, Suh KS (2004) lamination process encapsulation for longevity of plastic-based organic light-emitting devices. Thin Solid Films 467(1–2):1–3
Li CY, Wei B, Zhang JH (2008) Encapsulation of organic light-emitting devices for the application of display. International conference on electronic packaging technology & high density packaging, ICEPT-HDP 2008, pp 1–4, 28–31 July 2008, Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-2739-0
Han YC, Jang C, Kim KJ, Choi KC, Jung KH, Bae BS (2011) The encapsulation of an organic light-emitting diode using organic–inorganic hybrid materials and MgO. Org Electron 12(4):609–613
Yoshioka Y, Jabbour GE (2006) Desktop inkjet printer as a tool to print conducting polymers. Synth Met 156(11–13):779–783
Mannerbro R, Ranlöf M, Robinson N, Forchheimer R (2008) Inkjet printed electrochemical organic electronics. Synth Met 158(13):556–560
Xing R, Ye T, Ding Y, Ma D, Han Y (2009) Formation of low surface energy separators with undercut structures via a full-solution process and its application in inkjet printed matrix of polymer light-emitting diodes. Org Electron 10(2):313–319
Ding Z, Xing R, Fu Q, Ma D (2011) Patterning of pinhole free small molecular organic light-emitting films by ink-jet printing. Org Electron 12(4):703–709
Gallo EA, Sadasivan S, Wang X (2004) Ink jet printing method. US Patent 6,692,123 B2. 17 Feb 2004
Chen T, Chu L (2001) Ink jet printing method. US Patent 6,315,405 B1, 13 Nov 2001
http://www.oled-info.com/seiko-epson-plans-launch-37-inkjet-printed-oled-tvs-2012
Maiorano V, Perrone E, Carallo S, Biasco A, Pompa PP, Cingolani R, Croce A, Blyth RIR, Thompson J (2005) White phosphorescent, wet-processed, organic light-emitting diode, on a window-glass substrate. Synth Met 151(2):147–151
Wang L, Wu Z, Zhang X, Wang D, Hou X (2010) Solution-processed white organic light-emitting devices based on small-molecule materials. J Lumin 130:321–325
Wang D, Wu Z, Zhang X, Jiao B, Liang S, Wang D, He R, Hou X (2010) Solution-processed organic films of multiple small-molecules and white light-emitting diodes. Org Electron 11(4):641–648
Kim SO, Zhao Q, Thangaraju K, Kim JJ, Kim YH, Kwon SK (2011) Synthesis and characterization of solution-processable highly branched iridium (III) complex cored dendrimer based on tetraphenylsilane dendron for host-free green phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes. Dyes Pigm 90:139–145
Park BC, Jeon HG, Huh YH, Lee YI, Han WT, Kim IT, Park JW (2011) Solution-processable double-layered ionic p-i-n organic light-emitting diodes. Curr Appl Phys 11:673–676
Park JJ, Lee ST, Park TJ, Jeon WS, Jang J, Kwon JH, Pode R (2009) Stable efficiency roll-off in solution-processed phosphorescent green organic light-emitting diodes. J Korean Phys Soc 55:327–330
Pode R, Lee SJ, Jin SH, Kim S, Kwon JH (2010) Solution processed efficient orange phosphorescent organic light-emitting device with small molecule host. J Phys D: Appl Phys 43:025101-1–025101-5
Kopola P, Tuomikoski M, Suhonen R, Maaninen A (2009) Gravure printed organic light emitting diodes for lighting applications. Thin Solid Films 517:5757–5762
Choi MC, Kim YK, Ha CS (2008) Polymers for flexible displays: from material selection to device applications. Prog Polym Sci 33:581–630
Lee JW, Mun KK, Yoo YT (2009) A comparative study on roll-to-roll gravure printing on PET and BOPP webs with aqueous ink. Prog Org Coat 64:98–108
White JM, Takako T (2009) Roll-to-roll OLED production system, US Patent 2009/0274830A1, 5 Nov 2009
Brabec C, Hauch J (2007) Roll to roll manufacturing of organic solar modules. US Patent 2007/0295400 A1, 27 Dec 2007
Brabec C, Hauch J (2005) Roll to roll manufacturing of organic solar modules. US Patent 2005/0272263 A1, 8 Dec 2005
Nolan PT, Arias del Cid AM (2008) Variable environment, scale-able, roll to roll system and method for manufacturing thin film electronics on flexible substrates. US Patent 7,410,542 B2, 12 Aug 2008
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA). http://www.iesna.org
CIE–International Commission on Illumination. www.cie.co.at
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL). UL.com
http://img.ledsmagazine.com/objects/features/6/9/1/Intertek.pdf
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). www.nema.org
Duggal AR, Michael JD (2009) AC powered OLED device. US Patent 7, 576,496 B2, 18 Aug 2009
Philips Lumiblade OLED Light—First Looks, 2009. http://www.oled-info.com/philips-lumiblade-oled-light-first-looks
OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Presents First OLED Light Source, 25 Nov 2009. http://www.osram-os.com/osram_os/EN/Press/Press_Releases/Organic_LED/ORBEOS-OLED-light-source.html
OSRAM Presents the First OLED Luminaire, 8 Nov 2010. http://www.lightingdigest.co.uk/products/1984-osram-presents-the-first-oled-luminaire
White OLED Outlook Brightens with Efficiency Breakthrough, 15 July 2010. http://www.gelighting.com/eu/resources/press_room/OLED_announcement_EU.html
GE and Konica Minolta Announce 56Â lm/W Flexible White OLED Lighting Devices, 19 July 2010. http://www.osa-direct.com/osad-news/321.html
Fraunhofer Unveils New OLED Lighting Panels to be Released Q1 2011, 17 Oct 2010. http://www.oled-info.com/fraunhofer-unveils-new-oled-lighting-panels-be-released-q1-2011
Novaled OLED Meets DoE Lighting Specs, 20 Aug 2009. http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4084429/Novaled-OLED-meets-DoE-lighting-specs
Add-Vision Awarded STTR Phase-I Grant by DOE (Degradation studies), 27 Apr 2007. http://www.add-vision.com/news_details.php?news_id=5
Add-Vision Extends Life of Low Cost Flexible OLEDs, 21 May 2007. http://www.printedelectronicsworld.com/articles/add_vision_extends_life_of_low_cost_flexible_oleds_00000563.asp?sessionid=1
Add-Vision Awarded Core Technologies Grant by DOE for $1.56 Million, 17 Oct 2008. http://www.add-vision.com/uploads/16_Press%20Release%20%2311.pdf
Bayer Material Science and Add-Vision Sign License Agreement on Polymeric OLEDs, 15 June 2009. http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=11174.php
White OLED Combining High Efficiency with Long Life. http://www.konicaminolta.com/about/research/oled/advanced/vol01.html
Konica Minolta to Build a New Pilot Production Line for OLED Lighting Toward Commercialization, 23 Nov 2009. http://www.ledinside.com/node/10298
Lumiotec OLED Lighting Panel Hands on Review. http://www.oled-info.com/lumiotec-oled-lighting-panel-hands-review
Rohm and Lumiotec Developed a New OLED Lighting Panel, to Start Shipping Soon. http://www.oled-info.com/rohm-and-lumiotec-developed-new-oled-lighting-panel-start-shipping-soon
Lumiotec Co. Ltd., Marketing Group (2010) Organic light-emitting diode panels for lighting. Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Tech Rev 47(1):51–52
Lumiotec Ships OLED Lighting for Commercial Applications, 25 Jan 2011. http://www.plusplasticelectronics.com/lighting/lumiotec-ships-oled-lighting-for-commercial-applications-23312.aspx
Canon Acquires Tokki for OLEDs, Solar Cell Start, 19 Dec 2007. http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/HONSHI/20071219/144405/
http://www.onlyoled.co.uk/flexible-led-oled-posters-dai-nippon-printing
Toppan Forms to Test Markets with Printed Electronics. http://www.printelectronicnews.com/2505/toppan-forms-to-test-markets-with-printed-electronics/
DOE Fund Innovative OLED Lighting Developed by DuPont, 16 Nov 2009. http://www.oled-display.net/doe-fund-innovative-oled-lighting-developed-by-dupont
DuPont OLED Lighting. http://www2.dupont.com/Displays/en_US/products_services/oled/lighting/index.html
LG Chem Unveils OLED Lighting Panels, to Start Mass Production in 2H 2010. http://www.oled-info.com/lg-chem-unveils-oled-lighting-panels-start-mass-production-2h-2010
http://www.oled-display.net/smd-unveils-production-ready-oled-tvs-and-amoleds-at-sid-2009
Modistech will Commercialize Flexible OLED This Year, 19 Feb 2010. http://www.oled-display.net/modistech-will-commercialize-flexible-oled-this-year?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+OLED-Display-News+%28OLED-PLED+Display+NEWS%29 www.aixtron.com
Kaneka Announces Availability of OLED Lighting Panels in Japan during March 2011 and in Europe during April 2011, 23 Feb 2011. http://www.osa-direct.com/osad-news/kaneka-announces-availability-of-oled-lighting-panels-in-japan-during-March-2011-and-in-europe-during-April-2011.html
http://www.oled-info.com/tags/technical_research/oled_ink_jet_printing
OLED Lighting: An Eight-Year Market Forecast (2010) NanoMarkets, 5 Aug 2010. http://nanomarkets.net/market_reports/report/oled_lighting_an_eight-year_market_forecast_2010/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pode, R., Diouf, B. (2011). OLED Lighting Technology. In: Solar Lighting. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2134-3_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2134-3_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-2133-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-2134-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)