Skip to main content
  • 104 Accesses

Abstract

In 1976, Eveleth and Tanner, through the work of the International Biological Programme which was completed in June 1974, produced a comprehensive analysis of growth patterns around the world, presenting data from almost all national and international studies up to that time. This report illustrated the many factors that influence overall growth and, with regard to puberty, the timing of its onset and the times, order, duration and magnitude of the various component events. As well as geographical and racial factors, there are many other influences and these have been extensively reviewed recently in Falkner and Tanner’s treatise on Human Growth (1986). These reviews include population differences, environmental and genetic (Eveleth), economic, social and nutritional (Bielicki), genetic (Mueller; Bailey and Garn), secular (Van Wieringen), physical activity (Bailey et al.) and a general review by Marshall and Tanner.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Backstrom L, Kantero R-L (1971) Cross-sectional studies of height and weight in Finnish children aged from birth to 20 years. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 220: 9–12.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey DA, Malina RM, Mirwald RL (1986) Physical activity and growth of the child. In: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth. A comprehensive treatise, vol 2, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 147–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey SM, Garn SM (1986) The genetics of maturation. In: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth. A comprehensive treatise, vol 3, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 169–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bayley N (1956) Growth curves of height and weight by age for boys and girls, scaled according to physical maturity. J Pediatr 48: 187–194.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beunen G, Claessens A, Lefevre J, Ostyn M, Renson R, Simons J (1987) Somatotype as related to age at peak velocity and to peak velocity in height, weight and static strength in boys. Hum Biol 59: 641–655.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bielicki T (1986) Physical growth as a measure of the economic well-being of populations: the twentieth century. In: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth: A comprehensive treatise, vol 3, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 283–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billewicz WZ, Fellowes HM, Hytten CA (1976) Comments on the critical metabolic mass and the age of menarche. Ann Hum Biol 3: 51–59.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Billewicz WZ, Fellowes HM, Thomson AM (1981a) Pubertal changes in boys and girls in Newcastle upon Tyne. Ann Hum Biol 8: 211–219.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Billewicz WZ, Fellowes HM, Thomson AM (1981b) Menarche in Newcastle upon Tyne girls. Ann Hum Biol 8: 313–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Billewicz WZ, Thomson AM, Fellowes HM (1983b) A longitudinal study of growth in Newcastle upon Tyne adolescents. Ann Hum Biol 10: 125–133.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boas F (1930) Observations on the growth of children. Science 72: 44–48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boas F (1932) Studies in growth. Hum Biol 4: 307–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruch H (1939) Obesity in childhood I. Physical growth and development of obese children. Am J Dis Child 58: 457–484.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brundtland GH, Liestöl K, Wallöe L (1975) Height and weight of schoolchildren and adolescent girls and boys in Oslo 1970. Acta Paediatr Scand 64: 565–573.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron N (1976) Weight and skinfold variation at menarche and the critical body weight hypothesis. Ann Hum Biol 3: 279–282.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chinn S, Price CE, Rona RJ (1989) Need for new reference curves for height. Arch Dis Childh 64: 1545–1553.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chrzastek-Spruch H. Susanne C, Hauspie RC, Kozlowska MA (1989) Individual growth patterns and standards for height and height velocity based on the Lublin longitudinal growth study. In: Tanner JM (ed) Auxology 88. Perspectives in the science of growth and development. Smith- Gordon, London, pp 161–166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chumlea WC, Siervogel RM, Roche AF, Webb P, Rogers E (1983) Increments across age in body composition for children 10 to 18 years of age. Hum Biol 55: 845–852.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Wijn JF, De Haas JH (1960) Groeidiagrammen van 1–25 jarigen in Nederland. Verhandelingen Ned. Inst. Praev. Geneesk, Leiden.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eveleth PB (1986) Population differences in growth. Environ-mental and genetic factors. In: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth. A comprehensive treatise, vol 3, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 221–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eveleth PB, Tanner JM (1976) Worldwide variation in human growth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) (1986) Human growth. A compre-hensive treatise, vol 1–3, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forbes GB (1972) Growth of the lean body mass in man. Growth 36: 325–338.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forbes GB (1986) Body composition in adolescence. In: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth. A comprehensive treatise, vol 2, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 119–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fried RI, Smith EE (1962) Postmenarcheal growth patterns. J Pediatr 61: 562–565.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frisch RE, Revelle R (1969) The height and weight of adolescent boys and girls at the time of peak velocity of growth in height and weight: longitudinal data. Hum Biol 41: 536–559.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frisch RE, Revelle R (1971a) Height and weight at menarche and a hypothesis of menarche. Arch Dis Childh 46: 695–701.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frisch RE, Revelle R (1971b) The height and weight of girls and boys at the time of initiation of the adolescent growth spurt in height and weight and the relationship to menarche. Hum Biol 43: 140–159.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frisch RE, Revelle R, Cook S (1973) Components of weight at menarche and the initiation of the adolescent growth spurt in girls: estimated total water, lean body weight and fat. Hum Biol 45: 469–483.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garn SM, Clark DC (1975) Nutrition, growth, development, and maturation: findings from the ten-state nutrition survey of 1968–1970. Pediatrics 56: 306–319.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garn SM, Clark DC, Guire KE (1974) Level of fatness and size attainment. Am J Phys Anthropol 40: 447–449.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garn SM, Hopkins PJ, Ryan AS (1981) Differential fatness gain of low income boys and girls. Am J Clin Nutr 34: 1465–1468.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garn SM, LaVelle M, Rosenberg KR, Hawthorne VM (1986) Maturational timing as a factor in female fatness and obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 43: 879–883.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamill PVV, Drizd TA, Johnson CL, Reed RR, Roche AF (1977) NCHS growth curves for children from birth to 18 years: United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Publ. No. (PHS) 78–1650. Vital Health Stat (11) 165: 1–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamill PW, Drizd TA, Johnson CL, Reed RR, Roche AF, Moore WM (1979) Physical growth: National center for health statistics percentiles. Am J Clin Nutr 32: 607–629.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansman C (1970) Anthropometry and related data, Anthropometry skinfold thickness measurements. In: McCammon RW, Human growth and development. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, pp 101–154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Himes JH, Roche AF (1986) Subcutaneous fatness and stature: Relationship from infancy to adulthood. Hum Biol 58: 737–750.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock NE, Gracey M, Maller RA, Wearne KL (1986a) The Busselton Children’s survey 1983. Med J Austral 145: 373–376.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock NE, Maller RA, Gilmour AI (1986b) Body size of young Australians age five to 16 years. Med J Austral 145: 368–372.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston FE, Roche AF, Schell LM, Wettenhall NB (1975) Critical weight at menarche — critique of a hypothesis. Am J Dis Child 129: 19–23.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karlberg P, Taranger J, Engström I, Lichtenstein H, Svennberg-Redegren I (1976) The somatic development of children in a Swedish urban community. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemper HCG (1985) Literature survey of longitudinal growth research. In: Kemper HCG (ed) Growth, Health and Fitness of Teenagers. Longitudinal Research in International Perspective. Med. Sport Sci., 20: 1–11. Karger, Basel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemper HCG, Verschuur R (1985) Biological Development. In: Kemper HCG (ed) Growth, Health and Fitness of Teenagers. Longitudinal Research in International Perspective. Med. Sport Sci., 20: 81–87. Karger, Basel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren G (1978) Growth of schoolchildren with early, average and late ages of peak height velocity. Ann Hum Biol 5: 253–267.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maresh M (1966) Changes in tissue widths during growth. Roentgenographic measurements of bone, muscle and fat widths from infancy through adolescence. Am J Dis Child 111: 142–155.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall WA (1974) Interrelationships of skeletal maturation, sexual development and somatic growth in man. Ann Hum Biol 1: 29–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall WA, Tanner JM (1969) Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Childh 44: 291–303.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall WA, Tanner JM (1970) Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Childh 45: 13–23.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall WA, Tanner JM (1986) Puberty. In Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth. A comprehensive treatise, vol 2, 2nd edn. Plenum Press New York London, pp 171–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills JL, Shiono PH, Shapiro LR, Crawford PB, Rhoads GG (1986) Early growth predicts timing of puberty in boys: Results of a 14-year nutrition and growth study. J Pediatr 109: 543–547.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller WH (1986) The genetics of size and shape in children and adults. In: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth. A comprehensive treatise, vol 3, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 145–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neyzi O, Alp H (1975) Relationships between body build and age of menarche in a group of girls of heterogeneous socioeconomic background. Nutr Rep Int 12: 27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicolson AB, Hanley C (1953) Indices of physiological maturity: derivation and interrelationships. Child Develop 24: 3–38.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Onat T, Ertem B (1974) Adolescent female height velocity: Relationships to body measurements, sexual and skeletal maturity. Hum Biol 46: 199–217.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrowski ZL (1976) La mesure du pli cutané chez l’enfant. Arch Franç Pédiatr 33: 885–893.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Owen GM (1982) Measurement, recording, and assessment of skinfold thickness in childhood and adolescence: report of a small meeting. Am J Clin Nutr 35: 629–638.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parizkovâ J (1976) Growth and growth velocity of lean body mass and fat in adolescent boys. Pediatr Res 10: 647–650.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prader A, Budlinger H (1977) Body measurements, growth velocity and bone age of healthy children up to 12 years of age (longitudinal growth study, Zurich ). Helv Paediatr Acta Suppl 37: 1–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinney HA, Watkinson EJ, Massicotte D, Conger PR, Gauthier R (1981) The height, weight and height/weight ratio of Canadian children in 1979. Canad Med Assoc J 125: 863–865.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinken L, Stolley H, Droese W, van Oost G (1980) Longitudinale Körperentwicklung gesunder Kinder II. Grösse, Gewicht, Hautfettfalten von Kindern im Alter von 1.5 bis 16 Jahren. Klin Pädiatr 192: 25–33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds EL, Wines JV (1948) Individual differences in physical changes associated with adolescence in girls. Am J Dis Child 75: 329–350.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds EL, Wines JV (1951) Physical changes associated with adolescence in boys. Am J Dis Child 82: 529–547.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roche AF, Davila GH (1972) Late adolescent growth in stature. Pediatrics 50: 874–880.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roede MJ, Van Wieringen JC (1985) Growth diagrams 1980. Netherlands third nationwide survey. Tijdschrift voor Sociale Gezondheidszorg Suppl 63: 1–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roy MP (1972) Evolution clinique de la puberte du garçon. Compte-Rendu de la XIe réunion des équipes chargées des études sur la croissance et le développement de l’enfant normal. Centre International de l’Enfance, Paris, pp 185–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roy MP, Sempé M, Orssaud E, Pedron G (1972) Evolution clinique de la puberté de la fille. Arch Fr Pédiatr 29: 155–168.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rutenfranz J, Anderson KL, Seiinger V, Klimmer F, Berndt I, Ruppel M (1981) Maximum aerobic power and body com-position during the puberty growth period: similarities and differences between children of two European countries. Eur J Pediatr 136: 123–133.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samuelson G (1971) An epidemiological study of child health and nutrition in a northern Swedish country. III. Medical and anthropometrical examinations. Acta Paediatr Scand 60: 653–665.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma K, Talwar I, Sharma N (1988) Age of menarche in relation to adult body size and physique. Ann Hum Biol 15: 431–434.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shuttleworth FK (1939) The physical and mental growth of girls and boys aged 6–19 in relation to age at maximum growth. Monographs of Society for research in child development 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simmons K, Greulich WW (1943) Menarcheal age and the height, weight and skeletal age of girls aged 7 to 17 years. J Pediatr 22: 518–548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stark O, Peckham CS, Moynihan C (1989) Weight and age at menarche. Arch Dis Childh 64: 383–387.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stunkard A, d’Aquili E, Fox S, Filion RDL (1972) Influence of social class on obesity and thinness in children. JAMA 221: 579–584.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM (1962) Growth at adolescence, 2nd edn. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM (1986) Use and abuse of growth standards. Ili: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth. A comprehensive treatise, vol 3, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 95–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM, Davies PSW (1985) Clinical longitudinal standards for height and height velocity for North American children. J Pediatr 107: 317–329.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM, Hughes, PCR, Whitehouse RH (1981) Radiographically determined widths of bone, muscle and fat in the upper arm and calf from age 3–18 years. Ann Hum Biol 8: 495–517.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH (1975) Revised standards for triceps and subscapular skinfolds in British children. Arch Dis Childh 50: 142–145.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanner-Whitehouse Growth and Development Records. 1975. Castlemead Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Marubini E, Resele LF (1976) The adolescent growth spurt of boys and girls of the Harpenden Growth Study. Ann Hum Biol 3: 109–126.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Takaishi M (1966) Standards from birth to maturity for height, weight, height velocity and weight velocity: British children, 1965. Arch Dis Childh 41: 454–471, 613–625.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taranger J, Engstrom I, Lichtenstein H, Svennberg-Redegren I (1976) The somatic development of children in a Swedish urban community. A prospective longitudinal Study. VI Somatic pubertal development. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 258: 121–135.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taranger J, Hagg V (1980) The timing and duration of adolescent growth. Acta Odontol Scand 38: 57–67.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Venrooij-Ijsselmuiden ME (1978) Mixed longitudinal data on height, weight, limb circumferences and skinfold measurements of Dutch children. Hum Biol 50: 369–384.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Wieringen JC (1986) Secular growth changes. In: Falkner F, Tanner JM (eds) Human growth, A comprehensive treatise, vol 3, 2nd edn. Plenum Press, New York London, pp 307–331.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Wieringen JC, Wafelbakker F, Verbrugge HP, De Haas JH (1971) Growth Diagrams 1965 Netherlands. Second national survey on 0–24-year olds. Wolters-Noordhoof Publishing, Groningen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waaler PE (1983) Anthropometric studies in Norwegian children. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 308: 1–41.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wit JM, Van’t Hof MA, Roede MJ (1984) Reference curves for biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds in Dutch children from 7–14 years. Growth 48: 370–384.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolff OH (1955) Obesity in childhood. A study of the birth weight, the height and the onset of puberty. QJ Med 24: 109–123.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zacharias L, Rand WM (1983) Adolescent growth in height and its relation to menarche in contemporary American girls. Ann Hum Biol 10: 209–222.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag London Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Buckler, J.M.H. (1990). Comparisons with Other Studies. In: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Growth. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1721-6_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1721-6_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-1723-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-1721-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics