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Nanografting: A Method for Bottom-up Fabrication of Designed Nanostructures

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Tip-Based Nanofabrication

Abstract

Nanografting is a scanning probe-based technique which takes advantage of the localized tip-surface contact to rapidly and reproducibly inscribe arrays of nanopatterns of thiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and other nanomaterials with nanometer-scale resolution. Scanning probe-based approaches for lithography such as nanografting with self-assembled monolayers extend beyond simple fabrication of nanostructures to enable nanoscale control of the surface composition and chemical reactivity from the bottom-up. Commercial scanning probe instruments typically provide software to control the length, direction, speed and applied force of the scanning motion of a tip, analogous to a pen-plotter. Nanografting is accomplished by force-induced displacement of molecules of a matrix SAM, followed immediately by the surface self-assembly of n-alkanethiol ink molecules from solution. Desired surface chemistries can be patterned by choosing SAMs of different lengths and terminal groups. By combining nanografting and designed spatial selectivity of n-alkanethiols, in situ studies provide new capabilities for nanoscale surface reactions with proteins, nanoparticles or chemical assembly. Methods to precisely arrange molecules on surfaces will contribute to development of molecular device architectures for future nanotechnologies.

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Abbreviations

AFM:

Atomic force microscope

APDES:

Aminopropyldiethoxysilane

bps:

Base pairs

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

C8DMS:

Octyldimethylmonochlorosilane

C10:

Decanethiol

C12:

Dodecanethiol

C18:

Octadecanethiol

CAM:

Computer-assisted manufacturing

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DPN:

Dip-pen nanolithography

DPP:

5,10-diphenyl-15,20-di-pyridin-4-yl-porphyrin

dsDNA:

Double-stranded DNA

EDC:

1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride

EG:

Ethylene glycol

GIXD:

Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction

IgG:

Immunoglobulin G

MBP:

Maltose binding protein

MCH:

6-mercaptohexan-1-ol

16-MHA:

16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid

MHP:

n-(6-mercapto hexyl) pyridinium bromide

MPA:

3-mercaptopropionic acid

11-MUA:

11-mercaptoundecanoic acid

11-MUD:

11-mercaptoundecanol

NEXAFS:

Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

NHS:

N-hydroxysuccinimide

NPRW:

Nanopen reader and writer

ODT:

Octadecanethiol

OTS:

Octadecyltrichlorosilane (CH3(CH2)17SiCl3)

SAMs:

Self-assembled monolayers

SpA:

Staphylococcal protein A

SPL:

Scanning probe lithography

ssDNA:

Single-stranded DNA

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Acknowledgements

The authors received financial support from the National Science Foundation (DMR-0906873) and also from the Dreyfus Foundation for a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar award. Wilson K. Serem is an LSU doctoral candidate supported by study-leave from Masinde Muliro University, Kenya, Africa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

    Tian Tian, Zorabel M. LeJeune, Wilson K. Serem & Jayne C. Garno

  2. Department of Physical Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, 50100, Kenya

    Wilson K. Serem

  3. Nanotechnology Measurements Division, Agilent Technologies, Inc., Chandler, AZ, 85226, USA

    Jing-Jiang Yu

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Correspondence to Jayne C. Garno .

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  1. Dept. Mechanical &, Aerospace Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

    Ampere A. Tseng

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Tian, T., LeJeune, Z.M., Serem, W.K., Yu, JJ., Garno, J.C. (2011). Nanografting: A Method for Bottom-up Fabrication of Designed Nanostructures. In: Tseng, A. (eds) Tip-Based Nanofabrication. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9899-6_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9899-6_5

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