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Circadian Type Inventory (CTI)

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STOP, THAT and One Hundred Other Sleep Scales

Abstract

The CTI was initially developed to identify individuals capable of adapting to shift work. Thus, the scale assesses two factors that influence a person’s ability to alter his or her sleeping rhythms: rigidity/flexibility of sleeping habits and ability/inability of overcome drowsiness [1]. Since its creation, the scale has undergone a number of revisions to improve its psychometric properties. An 18-item version was used as part of the larger Standard Shiftwork Index (SSI) in a study conducted by Barton and colleagues [2]. This shorter scale was then reduced and altered to make an 11 item scale by De Milia et al. [3].

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References

  1. Folkard, S. & Monk, T. H. (1979). Towards a predictive test of adjustment to shiftwork. Ergonomics, 22(1), 79–91.

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  2. Barton, J., Spelton, E. R., Totterdell, P. A., Smith, L. R., Folkard, S., & Costa, G. (1995). The standard shiftwork index: a battery of questionnaires for assessing shiftwork related problems. Work and Stress, 9, 4–30.

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  3. De Milia, L., Smith, P. A., & Folkard, S. (2004). Refining the psychometric properties of the circadian type inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1953–1964.

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  4. Smith, P. A., Brown, D. F., Di Milia, L., & Wragg, C. (1993). The use of the circadian type inventory constructs of vigour and rigidity. Ergonomics, 36, 169–176.

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  5. Di Milia, L., Smith, P. A., & Folkard, S. (2005). A validation of the revised circadian type inventory in a working sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 1293–1305.

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Representative Studies Using Scale

  • Baehr, E. K., Revelle, W., & Eastman, C. I. (2000). Individual difference in the phase and amplitude of the human circadian temperature rhythm: with an emphasis on morningness-eveningness. Journal of Sleep Research, 9, 117–127.

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  • Tucker, P., Smith, L., Macdonald, I., & Folkard, S. (2000). Effects of direction of rotation in continuous and discontinuous 8 hour shift systems. Occupation and Environmental Medicine, 57, 678–684.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Toronto The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Centre, 227 Victoria Street, M5B 1T8, Toronto, Canada

    Azmeh Shahid M.D & Kate Wilkinson Ph.D

  2. University of Toronto The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Centre, 227 Victoria Street, Toronto, Canada

    Shai Marcu M.D

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Centre, 227 Victoria Street, M5B 1T8, Toronto, Canada

    Colin M. Shapiro MBChB., Ph.D., MRCPsych, FRCP(C)

Authors
  1. Azmeh Shahid M.D
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  2. Kate Wilkinson Ph.D
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  3. Shai Marcu M.D
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  4. Colin M. Shapiro MBChB., Ph.D., MRCPsych, FRCP(C)
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Correspondence to Azmeh Shahid M.D .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Toronto, Psychiatry, Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Cen, Victoria Street 227, Toronto, M5B 1TB, Canada

    Azmeh Shahid

  2. Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Cen, University of Toronto, Victoria Street 227, Toronto, M5B 1TB, Canada

    Kate Wilkinson

  3. The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep, University of Toronto, Victoria Street 227, Toronto, Canada

    Shai Marcu

  4. , Department of Psychiatry, The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep, 227 Victoria St., Toronto, M5B 1T8, Canada

    Colin M Shapiro

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Shahid, A., Wilkinson, K., Marcu, S., Shapiro, C.M. (2011). Circadian Type Inventory (CTI). In: Shahid, A., Wilkinson, K., Marcu, S., Shapiro, C. (eds) STOP, THAT and One Hundred Other Sleep Scales. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9893-4_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9893-4_22

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-9892-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9893-4

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