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The Biosynthesis of Hemes, Siroheme, Vitamin B12 and Linear Tetrapyrroles in Pseudomonads

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Pseudomonas

Abstract

Structure and function of tetrapyrroles. Tetrapyrroles are characterized by their four five-membered pyrrole rings usually linked together via single atom bridges (Figure 1). The four rings of the macrocycle are labeled clockwise A-D starting with the first of the three symmetric rings with regard to the ring substituents. Two principal classes of cyclic tetrapyrroles are found in pseudomonads. The porphyrins, including various hemes, are characterized by their completely saturated ring system. The porphinoids are more reduced cyclic tetrapyrroles and include vitamin B12 (corrinoids), siroheme and heme d 1. In cyclic tetrapyrroles, the nitrogen atoms of the four pyrrole rings are used to chelate a variety of divalent cations. Tetrapyrroles are very distinct in color. The pink cobalt-containing vitamin B12 derivatives are the most complex known tetrapyrroles1. They are involved in complex enzymatic reactions like radical-dependent nucleotide reduction, rearrangements and methyl transfer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Microbiology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany

    Nicole Frankenberg, Max Schobert, Jürgen Moser & Dieter Jahn

  2. School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK

    Evelyne Raux, Ross Graham & Martin J. Warren

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  1. Nicole Frankenberg
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  2. Max Schobert
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  3. Jürgen Moser
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  4. Evelyne Raux
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  6. Martin J. Warren
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  1. CSIC, Granada, Spain

    Juan-Luis Ramos

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Frankenberg, N. et al. (2004). The Biosynthesis of Hemes, Siroheme, Vitamin B12 and Linear Tetrapyrroles in Pseudomonads. In: Ramos, JL. (eds) Pseudomonas. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9088-4_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9088-4_4

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