Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Flame Retardants

  • Chapter
Additives for Plastics

Part of the book series: Polymers ((POLYMERS,volume 5))

  • 400 Accesses

Abstract

Burning of plastics presents a very serious problem that limits their application as building materials and in automobile and aviation industries, in mines, and so on. Recent disastrous accidents have raised suspicion about them in the mind of prospective users and severe safety regulations have been imposed on the plastics industry.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Burger, S.J.: Chem. Ind. (London) 1967, p. 362

    Google Scholar 

  2. Fenimore, C.P.: Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials. (eds. Lewis, M., Atlas, S.M., Pearce, E.M.) Plenum, New York, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  3. Mascia, L.: The Role of Additives in Plastics. Edward Arnold, London, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  4. Lazár, M., Mikulážová, D.: Syntéza a vlastnosti makromolekulových látok. Alfa, Bratislava, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  5. Fenimore, C.P., Martin, F.J.: Mod. Plast. 43, 141 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fenìmore, C.P., Martin, F.J.: Combust. Flame 10, 135 (1966)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kodolov, V.I.: Gorintchest i ogniestoikost polimernych materialov. Moscow, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kopálová, V.: Ropa a uhlie 17 (7), 337 (1975) (Czechoslovakia) 9. Day, A.G.: Plast. Polym. No. 4, 64 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hilado, C.J.: Flammability Test Methods Handbook. Westport, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  10. Miller, B.: The Mechanism of Pyrolysis, Oxidation and Burning of Organic Material, (ed. Wall, J.A.). NBS Special Publication 357, 1972, p. 169

    Google Scholar 

  11. Valáše k, J., Beníše k, J., Slaník, A.: Plast. Bull. 1979, September-October, p. 151 (VÚGPT—Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hawkins, W.L.: Polymer Stabilization. Interscience, New York, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  13. Carlsson, D.J., Wiles, D.M.: Macromolecules 2, 587, 597 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ingold, K.U.: J. Inst. Petrol. 45, 244 (1959)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Kagiya, V., Takemoto, K., Hagiwara, M.: IUPAC Macromolecular Symposium: Long-Term Properties of Polymer and Polymeric Materials. Stockholm, September 30-October 1, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  16. Wara, M.: IUPAC Macromolecular Symposium: Long-Term Properties of Polymer and Polymeric Materials. Stockholm, September 30-October 1, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  17. Brauman, S.K.: J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed. 15 1507 (1977)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Vitvickii, A.I.: Dokl. Akad. Nauk, SSSR, 183, 856 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Collington, K.T.: Plast. Polym. No. 4, 64 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Stnetz, D.E.: Polymer Conference Series of Flammability Characteristics of Polymeric Material. University of Utah, June 1970

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hilado, C.J.: Flammability Handbook for Plastics. 1969, pp. 33–44

    Google Scholar 

  22. Schwarz, R.J.: Fire Retardation of Polyethylene. Dekker, New York, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  23. Mod. Plast. Encycl. 51, 755 (1974-75)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lyons, J.W.: The Chemistry and Uses of Fire Retardants. Interscience, New York, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  25. Raether, L.O.: Mod. Plast. Encycl. 56 (10A), 179 (1979-80)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Richardson, G.A., Snyder, A.D.: Flame retardant mechanism N, P, Br, Cl and Sb (Monsanto Res. Corp., Monsanto Technical Workshop of Fire Retardancy, 112, 1970)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hastie, J.W.: J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand. 77A, 773 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Hocke, C.E.: SPE J. 29 (5), 28 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kodolov, V.I., Spasskii, S.S.: Prepr. Int. Symp. Macromol., Helsinki 5, 61 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Kreselen, D.M.: Angewandte Makromol. Chem. 22, 133 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Green, J.: Flame retarding polyolefins. Meeting of Society of Plastic Engineers, San Francisco, 1974

    Google Scholar 

  32. Papová, M.: Vplyv aromaticky a alifaticky viazaného bromu v retarderech horenie obsahujících fosfor na sníženie horlavosti polypropylenu. Postgraduate Study Report in “Macromolecular Chemistry,” Prague Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  33. Blakmore, D.R.: 10th Symposium on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, 1965, p. 303

    Google Scholar 

  34. Pitts, J.J.: Flammability of Cellular Plastics. Westport, 1974, p. 37

    Google Scholar 

  35. Pachin, A.S.: Plast. massy 1974, No. 1, p. 40

    Google Scholar 

  36. Martin, F.J., Price, K.R.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 12, 143 (1968)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Seymour, R.B.: Plast. Kautsch. 17 (1), 30 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Mack, G.P.: Mod. Plast. Encycl. 40, 480 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Spilda, I.: Polymer additives. Research of flame retardants for polyolefins. Research report of the Research Institute of Organic Chemistry—CHZJD Bratislava, October, 1976 (Czechoslovakia) 41. Pitts, J.J., Scott, P.H.: J. Cell. Plast. 6, 35 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Malhotra, H.L.: Plast. Polym. No. 2, 44 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Kidder, R.C.: Plast. Eng. 33 (2), 42 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Marimoto, T., Takeyama, K., Konishi, E.J.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 20, 1967 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Sand, H.E., Hoffmann, H.T.: Österreichische Kunststoff— Zeitschrift No. 3/4, 37 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Anon.: Mod. Plast. Encycl. 50, 232 (1973-74)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Additives for Plastics. Vol. 1.: State of the Art. (ed. Seymour, R.B.). Academic Press, New York, 1978

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Prague Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czechoslovakia

    J. Štěpek

  2. Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

    H. Daoust

Authors
  1. J. Štěpek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Daoust
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Štěpek, J., Daoust, H. (1983). Flame Retardants. In: Additives for Plastics. Polymers, vol 5. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8481-4_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8481-4_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6417-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-8481-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation