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Calorie Restriction, Exercise, and Colon Cancer Prevention: A Mechanistic Perspective

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Physical Activity, Dietary Calorie Restriction, and Cancer

Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 3))

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Abstract

The prevalence of obesity, an established epidemiologic risk factor for many cancers (including colon cancer), has risen steadily for the past several decades in the US. Particularly alarming are the increasing rates of obesity among children, portending continuing increases in the rates of obesity and obesity-related colon cancers for many years to come. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and colon cancer are not well understood. In particular, the effects and mechanistic targets of interventions that modulate energy balance, such as reduced calorie diets and physical activity, on the colon carcinogenesis process have not been well characterized. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a strong foundation for future mechanism-based research in this area, with a focus on key physiologic processes and pathways underlying the colon cancer preventive effects of energy balance modulation. Clearly, no single pathway accounts for all of the effects of energy balance modulation on colon cancer, and components of the insulin/IGF-1/Akt and mTOR pathways, adipokine pathways, inflammatory pathways, and the sirtuin pathway have emerged as potential energy-responsive targets. Future studies that exploit the emerging mechanistic information to target energy balance-responsive pathways through combinations of lifestyle (particularly diet and physical activity) as well as pharmacologic approaches, will facilitate the translation of this research into effective colon cancer prevention and control strategies in humans.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Connie J. Rogers

  2. Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Lisa H. Colbert

  3. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Susan N. Perkins

  4. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA

    Stephen D. Hursting

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  1. Connie J. Rogers
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  3. Susan N. Perkins
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  4. Stephen D. Hursting
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Correspondence to Stephen D. Hursting .

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  1. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fairview Ave. N. 1100, Seattle, 98109-1024, Washington, USA

    Anne McTiernan

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Rogers, C.J., Colbert, L.H., Perkins, S.N., Hursting, S.D. (2011). Calorie Restriction, Exercise, and Colon Cancer Prevention: A Mechanistic Perspective. In: McTiernan, A. (eds) Physical Activity, Dietary Calorie Restriction, and Cancer. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 3. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7551-5_5

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