Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Crop-raiding and Commensalism in Olive Baboons: The Costs and Benefits of Living with Humans

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Primates of Gashaka

Part of the book series: Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects ((DIPR,volume 35))

Abstract

We investigated the causes and consequences of crop-raiding for the ecology and life-history of two troops of olive baboons studied in Nigeria’s Gashaka Gumti National Park over 8 years. Kwano troop feeds entirely on wild foods whilst the Gamgam troop regularly consumes crops grown within its home-range. Crop-raiding provides both energetic and reproductive advantages as Gamgam troop spent less time travelling and feeding and more time resting and socialising. The crop-raiding troop has also shorter inter-birth intervals and lower infant mortality. Costs to crop-raiding due to chasing and attacks by farmers are outweighed by the benefits of increased access to high-quality foods, a reduced susceptibility to pathogen loads, and a consequently increased reproductive output.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literature

  • Altmann, J. (1974). Observational study of behaviour: sampling methods. Behaviour 49: 227–267.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, J. (1980). Baboon Mothers and Infants. London: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, J. (1986). Adolescent pregnancies in non-human primates: An ecological and developmental perspective. In Lancaster, J. & Hamburg, B. (eds.), School-Age Pregnancy and Parenthood. Chicago: Aldine Press, pp. 247–262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, J. & Muruthi, P. (1988). Differences in daily life between semiprovisioned and wild-feeding baboons. American Journal of Primatology 15: 213–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, J., Altmann, S. A., Hausfater, G. & McCuskey, S. A. (1977). Life history of yellow baboons: Physical development, reproductive parameters and infant mortality. Primates 18: 315–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, S. A. (1973). The pregnancy sign in savannah baboons. Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine 4: 8–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, C. M. (1981a). Intertroop relations of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus). International Journal of Primatology 2: 285–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, C. M. (1981b). Subtrooping in a chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) population. Primates 22: 445–458.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asquith, P. J. (1989). Provisioning and the study of free-ranging primates: History, effects and prospects. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 4: 288–308.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beehner, J. C. & Whitten, P. L. (2004). Modifications of a field method for fecal steroid analysis in baboons. Physiology & Behavior 82: 269–277.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bentley-Condit, V. & Smith, E. (1997). Female reproductive parameters of Tana River yellow baboons. International Journal of Primatology 18: 581–595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bronikowski, A. M. & Altmann, J. (1996). Foraging in a variable environment: Weather patterns and the behavioural ecology of baboons. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 39: 11–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coop, R. & Holmes, P. (1996). Nutrition and parasite interaction. International Journal of Parasitology 26: 951–962.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cowlishaw, G. & Dunbar, R. (2000). Primate Conservation Biology. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidge, C. (1978). Ecology of baboons (Papio ursinus) at Cape Point. Zoologica Africana 13: 329–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Depew, L. A. (1983). Ecology and Behaviour of Baboons (Papio anubis) in the Shai Hills Game Production Reserve, Ghana. MSc thesis, Cape Coast University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dittus, W. P. J. (1974). The socioecological basis for conservation of the toque monkey (Macaca sinica) of Sri Lanka (Ceylon). In Prince Rainer III of Monaco, H. S. H. & Bourne, G. H. (eds.), Primate Conservation. New York: Academic, pp. 238–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M. (1992a). Neocortex size as a constraint on group size in primates. Journal of Human Evolution 20: 469–493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M. (1992b). Time – a hidden constraint on the behavioural ecology of baboons. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 31: 35–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M. & Dunbar, P. (1974a). On hybridization between Theropithecus gelada and Papio anubis in the wild. Journal of Human Evolution 3: 187–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M. & Dunbar, P. (1974b). Ecological relations and niche separation between sympatric terrestrial primates in Ethiopia. Folia Primatologica 21: 36–61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M. & Nathan, M. F. (1972). Social organisation of Guinea baboon. Folia Primatologica 17: 321–334.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, A. (1999). Gashaka Gumti National Park: a Guidebook. Lagos: Gashaka Gumti National Park, NCF/WWF-UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eley, R. M., Strum, S. C. & Muchemi, G. (1986). Nutritional effects upon physical condition of three free-ranging troops of baboons in Gilgil, Kenya. Primate Report 14: 136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eley, R. M., Strum, S. C., Muchemi, G. & Reid, G. D. F. (1989). Nutrition, body condition, activity patterns and parasitism of free-ranging olive baboons (Papio anubis) in Kenya. American Journal of Primatology 18: 209–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Else, J. G. (1991). Non-human primates as pests. In Box, H. O. (ed.), Primate Responses to Environmental Change. London: Chapman & Hall, pp. 155–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ezealor, A. U. & Giles, R. H. (1997). Vertebrate pests of the Sahelian wetland agro-ecosystem: perceptions and attitudes of the indigenes and potential management strategies. International Journal of Pest Management 43: 97–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ezenwa, V. (2004). Interactions among host diet, nutritional status and gastrointestinal parasite infection in wild bovids. International Journal of Parasitology 34: 535–524.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fa, J. E. & Southwick, C. H. (1988). Ecology and Behaviour of Food-enhanced Primate Groups. New York: Alan R. Liss Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fa, J. E. (1986). Use of Time and Resources by Provisioned Troops of Monkeys: Social Behaviour, Time and Energy in the Barbary Macaque (Macaca sylvanus L.) at Gibraltar. Contributions to Primatology 23. Basel: Karger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forthman-Quick, D. L. (1986). Activity budgets and the consumption of human foods in two troops of baboons (Papio anubis) at Gilgil, Kenya. In Else, J. G. & Lee, P. C. (eds.), Primate Ecology and Conservation. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 221–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forthman-Quick, D. L. & Demment, D. (1988). Dynamics of exploitation: Differential energetic adaptations of two troops of baboons to recent human contact. In Fa, J. E. & Southwick, C. H. (eds.), Ecology and Behaviour of Food-Enhanced Primate Groups. New York: Alan R. Liss, pp. 25–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, C., Lee, P. & Rosetta, L. (2006). Dominance and reproductive rates in captive female olive baboons, Papio anubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology131: 64–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghandour, A., Zahid, N., Banaja, A., Kamal, K. & Boug, A. (1995). Zoonotic intestinal parasites of hamadryas baboons Papio hamadryas in the western and northern regions of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 98: 431–439.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenhood, W. F. (1971). Diets and Ecology of Crop-Raiding Baboons. MSc thesis, University of Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hahn, N. E., Proulx, D., Muruthi, P. M., Alberts, S. & Altmann, J. (2003). Gastrointestinal parasites in free-ranging Kenyan baboons (Papio cynocephalus and P. anubis). International Journal of Primatology 24: 271–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harcourt, A. H., Pennington, H. & Weber, A. W. (1986). Public attitudes to wildlife and conservation in the Third World. Oryx 20: 152–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harding, R. S. O. (1976). Ranging patterns of a troop of baboons (Papio anubis) in Kenya. Folia Primatologica 25: 143–185.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, M. J. S. (1983). Age and sex differences in the diet and feeding strategies of the green monkey Cercopithecus sabaeus. Animal Behaviour 31: 969–977.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hausfater, G. & Sutherland, R. (1984). Little things that tick off baboons. Natural History 2: 54–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henzi, S. P., Byrne, R. W. & Whiten, A. (1992). Patterns of movement by baboons in the Drakensberg Mountains: primary responses to the environment. International Journal of Primatology 13: 601–628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henzi, S. P., Lycett, J. E. & Weingrill, T. (1997). Cohort size and the allocation of social effort by female mountain baboons. Animal Behaviour 54: 1235–1243.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Higham, J. P. H. (2006). The Reproductive Ecology of Female Olive Baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) at Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria. PhD thesis, Roehampton University, London, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higham, J. P., Ross, C., Warren, Y., Heistermann, M. & MacLarnon, A. M. (2007). Reduced reproductive function in wild olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) related to natural consumption of the African black plum (Vitex doniana). Hormones and Behavior 52: 384–390.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Higham, J. P., MacLarnon, A. M., Ross, C., Heistermann, M. & Semple, S. (2008a). Baboon sexual swellings: information content of size and color. Hormones and Behavior 53: 452–456.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Higham, J. P., Semple, S., MacLarnon, A. M., Heistermann, M. & Ross, C. (2008b). The timing of ovulation with respect to sexual swelling detumescence in wild olive baboons. Primates 49: 295–299.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Higham, J. P., Warren, Y., Adanu, J., Umaru, B.N., MacLarnon, A. M., Sommer, V. & Ross, C. (2009). Living on the edge: life-history of olive baboons at Gashaka-Gumti National Park, Nigeria. American Journal of Primatology 71: 293–304.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, C. M. (1997). Crop-Raiding in wild vertebrates: the farmer’s perspective in an agricultural community in western Uganda. International Journal of Pest Management 43: 77–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, C. M. (2005). People, crops, and primates: a conflict of interests. In Paterson, J. & Wallis, J. (eds.), Commensalism and Conflict: The Primate-Human Interface. Norman, Oklahoma: The American Society of Primatology, pp. 41–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, R. A., Lycett, J. E. & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2000). Ecological and social determinants of birth intervals in baboons. Behavioral Ecology 11: 560–564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, C. M., Osborn, F. & Plumptre, A. J. (2002). Human-Wildlife Conflict: Identifying the Problem and Possible Solutions. Albertine Rift Technical Reports Series Vol. 1. Wildlife Conservation Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, T. (1973). A brief report on feeding activity of Japanese monkey. Annual Report Primate Research Institute Kyoto University 3: 25–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwamoto, T. (1974). A bioeconomic study of a provisional troop of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) at Koshima Islet, Miyazaki. Primates 15: 241–262.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jolly, A. (1999). Lucy’s Legacy: Sex and Intelligence in Human Evolution. London: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krebs, C. J. (1994). Ecology: The Experimental Analysis of Distribution and Abundance. New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krebs, C. J. (1999). Ecological Methodology. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Printers, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kummer, H. (1968). Social Organization of Hamadryas Baboons. A Field Study. Basel: Karger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, P. & Priston, N. (2005). Human attitudes to primates: Perceptions of pests, conflict and consequences for conservation. In Paterson, J. & Wallis, J. (eds.), Commensalism and Conflict: The Primate-Human Interface. Norman, OK: Am. Soc. Primatol. pp. 1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, P., Brennan, E., Else, J. & Altmann, J. (1986). Ecology and behaviour of vervet monkeys in a tourist lodge habitat. In Else, J. G. & Lee, P. C. (eds.), Primate Ecology and Conservation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 229–235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leigh, S. R. & Bernstein, R. M. (2006). Ontogeny, life history, and maternal investment in baboons. In Swedell, L. & Leigh, S. R. (eds.), Reproduction and Fitness in Baboons. Behavioral, Ecological, and Life History Perspectives. New York: Springer, pp. 225–255.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Little, K. A. & Sommer, V. (2002). Changes of enclosure in langur monkeys: Implications for the evaluation of environmental enrichment. Zoo Biology 21: 549–559.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyles, A. M. & Dobson, A. P. (1988). Dynamics of provisioned and unprovisioned primate populations. In Fa, J. E. & Southwick, C. H. (eds.), Ecology and Behavior of Food-Enhanced Primate Groups. New York: Alan R. Liss, pp. 167–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lycett, J., Weingrill, T. & Henzi, S. (1999). Birth patterns in the Drakensberg Mountain baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus). South African Journal of Science 95: 354–357.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacGregor Inglis, D., Ross C. & Semple, S. (2008). Multi-modal communication in olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis). (Poster abstracts No. 168, XXII Congress, The International Primatological Society, 03 – 08 Aug 2008, Edinburgh, UK).

    Google Scholar 

  • Malik, I. (1986). Time budgets and activity patterns in free-ranging rhesus monkeys. In Else, J. G. & Lee, P. C. (eds.), Primate Ecology and Conservation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 105–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malik, I. & Johnson, R. L. (1994). Commensal rhesus in India: The need and cost of translocation. Revue d’Ecologie – La Terre Et La Vie 49: 233–243.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maples, W., Maples, M., Greenwood, W. & Walek, M. (1976). Adaptations of crop-raiding baboons in Kenya. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 45: 309–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R. D. & MacLarnon, A. M. (1985). Gestation period, neonatal size and maternal investment in placental mammals. Nature 313: 220–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGrew, W., Tutin, C., Collins, D. & File, S. (1989). Intestinal parasites of sympatric Pan troglodytes and Papio spp. at two sites: Gombe (Tanzania) and Mt. Assirik (Senegal). American Journal of Primatology 17: 147–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mori, A., Yamaguchi, N., Watanabe, K. & Shimizu, K. (1997). Sexual maturation of female Japanese macaques under poor nutritional conditions and food-enhanced perineal swelling in the Koshima troop. International Journal of Primatology 18: 553–579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muller-Graf, C., Collins, D., Packer, C. & Woolhouse, M. (1997). Schistosoma mansoni infection in a natural population of olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Parasitology 115: 621–627.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muriuki, S., Murugu, R., Munene, E., Karere, G. & Chai, D. (1989). Some gastro-intestinal parasites of zoonotic (public health) importance commonly observed in old world non-human primates in Kenya. Acta Tropica 71: 73–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, S., Stem, C., Boudreau, B. & Goodall, J. (2000). Intestinal parasites of baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Gombe National Park. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 31: 176–178.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagel, U. (1973). A comparison of anubis baboons, hamadryas baboons and their hybrids at a species border in Ethiopia. Folia Primatologica 19: 104–165.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naughton-Treves, L. (1997). Farming the forest edge: vulnerable places and people around Kibale National Park, Uganda. The Geographical Review 87: 27–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naughton-Treves, L., Treves, A., Chapman, A. C. & Wrangham, R. (1998). Temporal patterns of crop-raiding by primates: linking food availability in croplands and adjacent forest. Journal of Applied Ecology 35: 596–606.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nesheim, M. (1993). Human nutrition needs and parasitic infections. Parasitology 107: S7–S18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Newton, P. (1992). Feeding and ranging patterns of forest Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus). International Journal of Primatology 13: 245–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noldus Information Technology (1996). The Observer System for Collection and Analysis of Data. Reference Manual (Version 3. 0). Wageningen: Noldus Information Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, J. D. (1976). Varying Ecology and Differential Adaption of the Ugandan Baboon, Papio cynocephalus anubis, with Special Reference to Forest Conditions and Behaviour Models for Early Hominids. PhD thesis, University of Toronto.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, J. D. & Wallis, J. (2005). Commensalism and Conflict: The Human-Primate Interface. Norman, Oklahoma: American Society of Primatologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips-Conroy, J., Hildebolt, C., Altmann, J., Jolly, C. & Muruthi, P. (1993). Peri-odontal health in free-ranging baboons of Ethiopia and Kenya. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 90: 359–371.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Power, M. (1986). The foraging adaptation of chimpanzees and the recent behaviours of the provisioned apes in Gombe and Mahale National Parks, Tanzania. Human Evolution 1: 251–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, K. R. L. (1985). Changes in the activity budgets of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) during sexual consortships. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology 17: 161–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richard, A. F., Goldsmith, S. J. & Dewar, R. E. (1989). Weed macaques: the evolutionary implications of macaque feeding ecology. International Journal of Primatology 10: 369–594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rolland, R. M., Hausfater, G., Marshall, B. & Levy, S. B. (1985). Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in wild primates: Increase prevalence in baboons feeding on human refuse. Applied Environmental Microbiology 49: 791–794.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, C. & Hill, C. M. (2006). Non-human primates as pests: variation in primate species and human cultures. International Journal of Primatology 27: 398.

    Google Scholar 

  • Routman, E., Miller, R., Phillips-Conroy, J. & Hart, D. (1985). Antibiotic resistance and population structure in Escherichia coli from free-ranging African yellow baboons. Applied Environmental Microbiology 50: 749–754.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saj, T., Sicotte, P. & Paterson, J. (1999). The influence of human food consumption on the time budget of vervet monkeys. International Journal of Primatology 20: 977–994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samuels, A. & Altmann, J. (1991). Baboons of the Amboseli basin: Demographic stability and change. International Journal of Primatology 12: 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seth, P. K. & Seth, S. (1985). Ecology and feeding behavior of the free ranging rhesus monkeys in India. Indian Anthropologist 15: 51–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sigg, H. & Stolba, A. (1981). Home range and daily march in a hamadryas baboon troop. Folia Primatologica 36: 40–75.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sponsel, L. E., Ruttanadakul, N. & Natadecha-Sponsel, P. (2002). Monkey business? The conservation implications of macaque ethnoprimatology in southern Thailand. In Fuentes, A. & Wolfe, L. D. (eds.), Primates Face to Face. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 288–309.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Strum, S. C. (1991). Weight and age in olive baboons. American Journal of Primatology 25: 219–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strum, S. C. (1994). Prospects for management of primate pests. Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 49: 295–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugiyama, Y. (1975). Characteristics of the ecology of the Himalayan langurs. Journal of Human Evolution 5: 249–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sugiyama, Y. & Oshawa, H. (1982). Population dynamics of Japanese monkeys with special reference to artificial feeding. Folia Primatologica 39: 238–263.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tappen, N. C. (1965). The taxonomy of the baboon and its position in the order of primates (comments on W. Ted Roth). In Vagtborg, H. (ed.), The Baboon in Medical Research. Austin: University of Texas Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Udaya Sekhar, N. (1998). Crop and livestock depredation caused by wild animals in protected areas: the case of Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India. Environmental Conservation 25: 160–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warren, Y. (2003). Olive Baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis): Behaviour, Ecology and Human Conflict in Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria. PhD thesis, Roehampton University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren, Y. (2008). Crop-raiding baboons (Papio anubis) and defensive farmers: A West African perspective. West African Journal of Applied Ecology 14: 33–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren, Y., Buba, B. & Ross, C. (2007). Patterns of crop-raiding by wild and domestic animals near Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria. International Journal of Pest Management 53: 207–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waterman, P. G. (1984). Food acquisition and processing as a function of plant chemistry. In Chivers, D., Wood, B. & Bilsborough, A. (eds.), Food Acquisition and Processing in Primates. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 177–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weladji, R. B. & Tchamba, M. N. (2003). Conflict between people and protected areas within the Benoue wildlife conservation Area, North Cameroon. Oryx 37: 72–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weyher, A. H. (2004). A Comparison of Gastrointestinal Parasites in a Crop-Raiding and a Forest-dwelling Troop of Olive Baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) in Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria. MRes thesis, Roehampton University, London, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weyher, A. H., Ross, C. & Semple, S. (2006). Gastrointestinal parasites in crop raiding and wild foraging Papio anubis in Nigeria. International Journal of Primatology 27: 1519–1534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley, B. P. & Putra, D. K. H. (1994). The effects of tourism on conservation at the monkey forest in Ubud, Bali. Revue d’Ecologie – La Terre Et La Vie 49: 245–257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheatley, B. P., Stephenson, R., Kurashina, H. & Marsh-Kautz, K. G. (2002). A cultural primatological study of Macaca fascicularis on Ngeaur Island, Republic of Palau. In Fuentes, A. & Wolfe, L. D. (eds.), Primates Face to Face. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 240–253.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfheim, J. H. (1983). Primates of the World, Distribution, Abundance and Conservation. Seattle & London: University of Washington Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodroffe, R., Thirgood, S. & Rabinowitz, A. (2005). People and Wildlife: Conflict or Coexistence? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Research in Evolutionary Anthropology, Roehampton University, London, SW15 4JD, UK

    Caroline Ross

Authors
  1. Ymke Warren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. James P. Higham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ann M. Maclarnon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Caroline Ross
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Caroline Ross .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Arts, Dept. Anthropology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom

    Volker Sommer

  2. School of Human & Life Sciences, Roehampton University, Holybourne Ave., London, SW15 4JD, United Kingdom

    Caroline Ross

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Warren, Y., Higham, J.P., Maclarnon, A.M., Ross, C. (2011). Crop-raiding and Commensalism in Olive Baboons: The Costs and Benefits of Living with Humans. In: Sommer, V., Ross, C. (eds) Primates of Gashaka. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects, vol 35. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7403-7_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation