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At any location in the arterial tree, the measured pressure and flow waves are the sum of waves traveling from the heart towards the periphery (forward running waves) and waves traveling from peripheral arteries towards the heart (backward running waves). The backward running waves are often called reflected waves, simply because they arise from reflections of the forward running waves at arterial reflection sites.
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Westerhof, N., Stergiopulos, N., Noble, M.I.M. (2010). Waveform Analysis. In: Snapshots of Hemodynamics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6363-5_22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6363-5_22
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