Abstract
In this article the possibilities of liquid explosives revelation during routine checking of person and baggage are discussed. Both the containers filled with liquid explosives and assembled IEDs can be detected easily. There are a few possibilities to distinguish the kind of liquid by common x-ray system at checkpoints. Apart from some particle detectors the explosive and flammable liquids can also be sniffed out by dogs. The more stringent regulations relating to liquids in the cabin baggage and people profiling is just another possibility. There is a requirement for more reliable detection methods based on dielectric and spectral measurements (glass and plastic containers), thermal characteristics (metal containers) and smaller and cheaper devices based on neutron activation of gamma radiation (especially metalized plastic or metalized paper).
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This improvement is not even degraded too much by a necessity for some passengers to take off their boots containing a high volume of metal particles. These metal particles might be a disguised weapon and therefore such boots are mostly checked by x-ray systems anyway.
What ingredients does for example “English X-mas pudding” consist of exactly?.
More exactly according to proton number.
For example Dead Sea water – a popular souvenir.
Restrictions on amount of liquids, gels and substances of a similar consistence transported in cabin luggage of passengers according to the European Union Regulation No.1546/2006.
For example Micro Spector M600 hand-held detector, Spatial Dynamics, Inc.
For example a hand-held device VETOCH (SKAT), AVK Lab. www.avklab.ru; or Flammable Liquid Tester (Bottle Liquid Checker) SLC-215D, Tokyo Gas Engineering Co.
For example Flammable Liquid Tester (Bottle Liquid Checker) SLC-215D, Tokyo Gas Engineering Co.
For example Ram-On detector, Senspex, Inc.
For example HILDA Bottle Inspektor, www.spearheadinnovations.com.
Ludvík Pinc Training and Utilization of Dog for Detection of Accelerants, Prague: Czech University of Life Science, 2006, 49 p., www.czu.cz, pinc@af.czu.cz.
At present already legendary Ashie–has become the best-known bitch among firefighters.
For example Long Island K-9 Service; New York, USA, www.lik-9.com train their own liquid explosives detector canines.
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Turecek, J. (2008). Possibilities of Liquid Explosives Countermeasures at Airports. In: Schubert, H., Kuznetsov, A. (eds) Detection of Liquid Explosives and Flammable Agents in Connection with Terrorism. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8466-9_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8466-9_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-8465-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-8466-9
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