Abstract
Chemical air pollution in Europe has been tackled by multiple institutions, in particular the Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution to Improve Air Quality (CLRTAP) and European Union air pollution policy. The two regimes differ in terms of membership and policymaking capacity which has, over the decades, resulted in significant interplay and the formation of linkages between them that has served to shape both institutions. Additionally, they have pushed each other toward increasingly stringent pollution targets, encouraged shared research and development of air pollution science, and have filled gaps in each other’s policies.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Primary socures
1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.
1975 UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution.
1985 Protocol to the UNECE 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Helsinki, Finland.
1994 Protocol to the UNECE 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Oslo, Norway.
AcidRain.org, 2006 The NGO Swedish Secretariat Website on Acid Rain. www.acidrain.org.
Air Quality Framework Directive 1996/62/EC.
Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament: Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution (COM (2005) 446)
Council Directive 1999/30/EC.
Council Directive 2000/69/EC.
Council Directive 2002/3/EC.
Council Directive 2004/107/EC.
EUROPA: Gateway to the European Union, http://europa.eu.int/index_en.htm.
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 2006, http://www.iiasa.ac.at/~rains/- doc/iiasa.htm.
OECD, 1977 The OECD programme on long range transport of air pollutants. Measurements and findings, Paris.
United Nations Economic Commissions for Europe, http://www.unece.org.
Secondary sources
Brachtl, M., 2005 Capitalizing on the Success of the LRTAP Regime to Address Global Transboundary Air Pollution, in L. Susskind and W. Moomaw, Papers on International Environmental Negotiation, 14, PON Books, http://www.pon.org/downloads/- ien14_3Brachtl.pdf.
Brown Weiss, E., 1993 International Environmental Issues and the Emergence of a New World Order, Georgetown Law Journal 81:3, p 675–710.
Krasner, S. D., 1982 Structural Causes and Regime Consequences: Regimes as Intervening Variables, International Organization, 36, 2, p 186.
Hettelingh, J.-P. et al., 2001 Multi-effect critical loads used in multi-pollutant reduction agreements in Europe. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 130, p 1133–1138.
Huber, M., 2003 Lessons Drawn from Burden Sharing Exercises. EC Acidification and Climate Change Policies, How Institutions Change, Leske + Budrich, Opladen, p 301–324.
Levy, M., 1995 International Co-operation to Combat Acid Rain, Green Globe Yearbook 1995, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Lidskog, R. and G. Sundqvist, 2002 The Role of Science in Environmental Regimes: The Case of LRTAP, European Journal of International Relations, 8, 1, p 77–101.
Oberthür, S. and T. Gehring, 2001 Conceptualizing Interaction between International and EU Environmental Institutions, Ecologic, Berlin.
Ostrom, E., 2005 Understanding Institutional Diversity, Princeton University Press.
Schroeder, H., forthcoming “The IDGEC Approach to Analyzing Institutional Interplay between the Biosafety and Trade Regimes,” in W.B. Chambers, J.A. Kim, and O.R. Young, Institutional Interplay: The Case of Biosafety, Tokyo, UNU Press.
Selin, H. and S.D. VanDeveer, 2003 Mapping Institutional Linkages in European Air Pollution Politics, Global Environmental Politics, 3, 3, p 14–46.
Susskind, L., 1993 Environmental Diplomacy: Negotiating More Effective Global Agreements, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wettestad, J., 2002 Clearing the Air: Europe Tackles Transboundary Pollution, The Environment 44:2, p 32–40.
Wettestad, J., 1997 Acid lessons? LRTAP implementation and effectiveness, Global Environmental Change 7, 3, p 235–249.
Wettestad, J. and A. Farmer, forthcoming The EU Air Quality Framework Directive: Shaped and Saved by Interaction? in S. Oberthür and T. Gehring, Institutional Interaction, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, p 241–259.
Young, O., 2002 The Institutional Dimensions of Environmental Change: Fit, Interplay, and Scale, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Young, O., 1996 Institutional Linkages in International Society: Polar Perspectives, Global Governance 2, 1, p 1–24.
Young, O. et al., 2005 (revised edition) Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC): Science Plan, IHDP Report No. 16, Bonn.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer
About this paper
Cite this paper
SCHROEDER, H., YOCUM, D. (2006). EUROPEAN INSTITUTIONS FOR CONTROLLING CHEMICAL AIR POLLUTION: AN ANALYSIS OF CLRTAP-EUROPEAN UNION INTERPLAY. In: Simeonov, L., Chirila, E. (eds) Chemicals as Intentional and Accidental Global Environmental Threats. NATO Security through Science Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5098-5_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5098-5_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-5096-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-5098-5
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)