Marine Conservation and Resource Management

Abstract

In 1960, Rachel Carson wrote “Although man’s record as a steward of the natural resources of the earth has been a discouraging one, there has long been a certain comfort in the belief that the sea, at least was inviolate, beyond man’s ability to change and to despoil. But this belief, unfortunately, has proved to be naïve”. ¹ Over three decades later, Norse ² identified five major threats to marine biodiversity, including pollution of the seas, over exploitation of living things, physical alteration of the environment, the introduction of alien species, and finally, increased ultraviolet radiation and alterations of climatic conditions.