Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abdulmawjood, A., Schoenenbrücher, H., & Bülte, M. (2005). Novel molecular method for detection of bovine-specific central nervous system tissue as bovine spongiform encephalopathy risk material in meat and meat products. Journal Molecular Diagnostics, 7, 368–374.
Abdulmawjood, A., Schönenbrücher, H., & Bülte, M. (2006). Collaborative trial for validation of a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of central nervous system tissues as bovine spongiform encephalopathy risk material: Part 1. Journal AOAC International, 89, 1335–1340.
Agazzi, M. E., Barrero-Moreno, J., Lücker, E., v. Holst, C., & Anklam, E. (2002). Performance comparison of two analytical methods for the detection of tissues of the central nervous system in sausages: Results of an interlaboratory study. European Food Research and Technology, 215, 334–339.
Agazzi, M. E., Barrero-Moreno, J., Lücker, E., v. Holst, C., & Anklam, E. (2004). Quantitative analysis of tissues of the central nervous system in food products by GFAP-ELISA test kit. Results of an interlaboratory study. Food Control, 15, 297–301.
Agazzi, M. E., Bau, A., Barcarolo, R., Lücker, E., Barrero-Moreno, J., & Anklam, E. (2003). In-house validation of an improved sample extraction and clean-up method for GC determination of isomers of nervonic acid in meat products. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 376, 360–365.
Anil, M. H., Love, S., Helps, C. R., McKinstry, J. L., Brown, S. N., Philips, A., et al. (2001). Jugular venous emboli of brain tissue induced by the use of captive bolt guns. Veterinary Record, 148, 619–620.
Aupperle, H., Lücker, E., Overhoff, M., & Schoon, H. A. (2002). Verfahren zum Nachweis von im Hinblick auf die bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie (BSE) unerwünschten Zutaten in Fleischerzeugnissen. 6. Immunhistologischer Nachweis von zentralem und peripherem Nervengewebe in Fleischerzeugnissen. Fleischwirtschaft, 82, 100–104.
Bäuerlein, R., Sandmeier, B., Villmann, C., Hammon, A., Gareis, M., Becker, C. M., et al. (2008). Development of a dot blot assay for the rapid detection of central nervous system tissue on meat and contact surfaces. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56, 44–49.
Biedermann, W., Lücker, E., & Hensel, A. (2002). Detection of tissues of the central nervous system (CNS) as specified risk material (SRM) in meat products by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Berliner und Münchner Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 115, 131–131.
Biedermann, W., Lücker, E., Pörschmann, J., Lachhab, S., Truyen, U., & Hensel, A. (2004). Structural characterisation of some fatty acids from the brain as biomarkers of BSE risk material. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 379, 1031–1038.
Bissig-Choissat, B., Kuhn, M., Schlosser, H., & Jemmi, T. (2002). Nachweis von zentralnervösem Gewebe in Wurstwaren und erhitzten Fleischerzeugnissen: Ergebnisse einer ersten Studie. In Deutsche Veterinärmedizinische Gesellschaft (Eds.), Proceedings 42. Arbeitstagung “Lebensmittelhygiene” 2001 (pp. 88–93). Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DVG Service GmbH, Gießen, ISBN: 3-935747-11-X.
BVL. (1992). Bestimmung des Cholesteringehaltes in Eiern und Eiprodukten. Enzymatisches Verfahren. In Amtliche Sammlung von Untersuchungsverfahren nach § 64 LFBG. L-05.00-17. Berlin, Germany: Beuth-Verlag.
BVL. (2004). Bestimmung von Geweben des Zentralen Nervensystems durch den Nachweis des sauren Gliafaserproteins in Fleisch und Fleischerzeugnissen. Enzymimmunologischer Nachweis. In Amtliche Sammlung von Untersuchungsverfahren nach § 64 LFBG. L-06.00-53. Berlin, Germany: Beuth-Verlag.
Collins Kelley, L., Hafner, S., McCaskey, P. C., Sutton, M. T., & Langheinrich, K. (2000). An evaluation of methods for the detection of spinal cord in product derived from advanced meat recovery systems. Journal of Food Protection, 63, 1107–1112.
DeArmond, S. J., Kretzschmar, H. A., & Prusiner, S. B. (2002). Prion disease. In: D. I. Graham & P. L. Lantos (Eds.), Greenfield’s neuropathology (Vol. 2, 7th ed., pp. 273–323). London: Arnold.
EC. (2000). Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the approximation of the laws of the member states relating to the labelling, presentation and advertisement of foodstuffs. Official Journal, L109, 29–42; amended by Directive 2001/101/EC of 26 November 2001. Official Journal, L310, 19–21.
EC. (2001). Directive (EC) No. 999/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 Mai 2001 laying down rules fort he prevention, control and eradication of certain transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Official Journal, L147, 1–40; last change: 11.01.2008 Directive EC/21/2008, Official Journal, L9, 3–5.
EC. (2005). European Commission. The TSE-Roadmap. Brussels (15.07.2005), available at: http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/food/biosafety/bse/roadmap_en.pdf
Fries, R., Eggers, T., Hildebrandt, G., Rauscher, K., Buda, S., & Budras, K. D. (2003). Autonomous nervous system with respect to dressing of cattle carcasses and its probable role in transfer of PrP(res) molecules. Journal of Food Protection, 66, 890–895.
Gaunitz, C., Gabert, J., Lücker, E., Seeger, J., & Stahl, T. (2008). Suitability of antigens PGP 9.5 and Neurofilament light as marker proteins for detection of neuronal tissue in processed meat products. Journal of Food Protection (in Press).
Gout, S., Valdivia, H., Mc Dowell, D., & Harris, N. (2004). Detection of neuronal tissue in meat using specific DNA modifications. Biotechnology Agronomy Society and Environment, 8, 229–234.
Grießbach, M., Baumann, D., Biedermann, W., Krex, C., Kunath, O., Truyen, U., et al. (2007). Qualitativer und quantitativer Nachweis von ZNS in Fleischerzeugnissen mittles GC/MS und GFAP-Elisa – Vergleichende Untersuchungen. Archiv für Lebensmittelhygiene, 58, 208–213.
Grießbach, M., Hartmann, F., Massag, N., Baumann, D., Krex, C., Biedermann, W., et al. (2008). Species and age determination of central nervous system tissue by fatty acid patterns. Journal of Chromatography A, 1179, 69–73.
Grundmann, C., Kunath, O., Lücker, E., Hardt, M., & Groschup, M. (2005). Direkter Nachweis von PrPC/Sc in Fleischerzeugnissen. Proceedings 45. Arbeitstagung DVG “Lebensmittelhygiene” 2004 (pp. 364–369). Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DVG Service GmbH, Gießen, ISBN 3-938026-37-5, S.
Grundmann, C., Lücker, E., Hardt, M., & Groschup, M. (2004). Direkter Nachweis von PrPSc in Fleischerzeugnissen – Untersuchungen zur Optimierung eines immunometrischen Testkits. In Deutsche Veterinärmedizinische Gesellschaft (Eds.), Proceedings 44. Arbeitstagung “Lebensmittelhygiene” 2003 (pp. 584–588). Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DVG Service GmbH, Gießen, ISBN 3-936815-85-2.
Hajmeer, M., Cliver, D. O., & Provost, R. (2003). Spinal cord tissue detection in comminuted beef: Comparison of two immunological methods. Meat Science, 65, 757–763.
Herde, K., Bergmann, M., Lang, C., Leiser, R., & Wenisch, S. (2005). Glial fibrillary acidic protein and myelin basic protein as markers for the immunochemical detection of bovine central nervous tissue in heat-treated meat products. Journal of Food Protection, 68, 823–827.
Holtbecker, J., & Stolle, A. (2005). Species-specific test system for the detection of central nerve tissue in meat products using Myelin Basic Protein. Archiv für Lebensmittelhygiene, 56, 108–111.
Hossner, K. L., Yemm, R. S., Sonnenshein, S. E., Mason, G. L., Cummings, B. A., Reddy, M. C, et al. (2006). Comparison of immunochemical (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and immunohistochemical methods for the detection of central nervous system tissue in meat products. Journal of Food Protection, 69, 644–650.
Hughson, E., Reece, P., Dennis, M. J., & Oehlschlaeger, S. (2003). Comparative evaluation of the performance of two commercial kits for the detection of central nervous system tissue in meat. Food Additives and Contaminants, 20, 1034–1043.
Kale, M., Kursun, Ö., & Pehlivanoglu, F. (2007). Detection of central nervous system tissues as bovine spongiform encephalopathy specified risk material in processed and raw meat products in turkey. Journal of Food Safety, 27, 56–65.
Kong, Q., Zheng, M., Casalone, C., Qing, L., Huang, Chakraborty B., Wang, P., et al. (2008). Evaluation of the human transmission risk of an atypical bovine spongiform prion strain. Journal of Virology, 82, 3697–3701.
Koolmees, P. A., Tersteeg, M. H. G., Keizer, G., van den, Broek J., & Bradley, R. (2004). Comparative histological studies of mechanically versus manually processed sheep intestines used to make natural sausage casings. Journal of Food Protection, 67, 2747–2755.
Kunath, O., Lücker, E., Troeger, K., & Grundmann, C. (2004). Weiterführende Untersuchungen zur analytischen Qualität und Erfassung von ZNS-Kontaminationen mittels GFAP-ELISA. Proceedings 45. Arbeitstagung DVG “Lebensmittelhygiene” 2004 (pp. 358–363). Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DVG Service GmbH, Gießen, ISBN 3-938026-37-5.
Lange, B., Alter, T., Froeb, A., & Lücker, E. (2003). Molekularbiologische Erfassung von Geweben des Zentralen Nervensystems in Fleischerzeugnissen. Berliner Münchner Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 116, 467–473.
Lücker, E. (2006). Maßnahmen und Alternativen zur Reduzierung des humanen BSE-Expositionsrisiko. Nova Acta Leopoldina NF 94/347, 167–181.
Lücker, E., Biedermann, W., Lachhab, S., Truyen, U., & Hensel, A. (2004). GC–MS detection of central nervous tissues as TSE risk material in meat products: Analytical quality. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 380, 866–870.
Lücker, E., & Bülte, M. (1997). Verfahren zum Nachweis von im Hinblick auf die bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie (BSE) unerwünschten Zutaten in Fleischerzeugnissen. 1. Enzymatische Cholesterinbestimmung als Schnellverfahren zur Erfassung von Hirngewebe. Fleischwirtschaft, 77, 836–840.
Lücker, E., Eigenbrodt, E., & Bülte, M. (1998). Verfahren zum Nachweis von im Hinblick auf die bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie (BSE) unerwünschten Zutaten in Fleischerzeugnissen. 2. Referenzverfahren für den Nachweis von zentralem Nervengewebe. Fleischwirtschaft, 78, 896–898.
Lücker, E., Eigenbrodt, E., Wenisch, S., Faling, M., Leiser, R., & Bülte, M. (1999). Development of an integrated procedure for the detection of central nervous tissue in meat products using cholesterol and NSE as markers. Journal of Food Protection, 62, 268–276.
Lücker, E., Eigenbrodt, E., Wenisch, S., Leiser, R., & Bülte, M. (2000). Identification of central nervous system tissue in retail meat products. Journal of Food Protection, 63, 258–263.
Lücker, E., Hardt, M., & Groschup, M. (2002). Detection of CNS and PrPSc in meat products. Berliner und Münchner Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 115, 111–117.
Lücker, E., Horlacher, S., & Eigenbrodt, E. (2001). Brain in human nutrition and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease risk (vCJD): Detection of brain in retail liver sausages using cholesterol and neuron specific enolase (NSE) as markers. British Journal of Nutrition, 86, S115–S119.
Niederer, M., & Bollhalder, R. (2001). Identification of species specific central nervous tissue by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) – A possible method for supervision of meat products and cosmetics. Mitteilungen aus dem Gebiet der Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Hygiene, 92, 133–144.
Noti, A., Biedermann-Brehm, S., Biedermann, M., & Grob, K. (2002). Determination of central nervous and organ tissue in meat products through GC–MS analysis of marker fatty acids from sphingolipids and phospholipids. Mitteilungen aus dem Gebiet der Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Hygiene, 93, 387–401.
Nowak, B, Mueffling, T, Kuefen, A, Ganseforth, K, & Seyboldt, C. (2005). Detection of bovine central nervous system tissue in liver sausages using a reverse transcriptase PCR technique and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Journal of Food Protection, 68, 2178–2183.
Overhoff, M., & Lücker, E. (2003). Verfahren zum Nachweis von im Hinblick auf die BSE unerwünschten Zutaten in Fleischerzeugnissen. 9. Eignung monoklonaler Antikörper für den spezifischen Nachweis zentralen Nervengewebes in Fleischerzeugnissen. Fleischwirtschaft, 12, 93–96.
Piske, K., Arndt, G., Buda, S., Budras, K. D., Eggers, T., & Fries, R. (2007). Fate of sympathetic trunk ganglia after cutting in German meat plants. Journal of Food Protection, 70, 2906–2910.
Pörschmann, J., Trommler, U., Biedermann, W., Truyen, U., & Lücker, E. (2006). Sequential pressurized liquid extraction to determine brain-originating fatty acids in meat products as markers in bovine spongiform encephalopathy risk assessment studies. Journal of Chromatography A, 1127, 26–33.
Reddy, M. C., Hossner, K. L., Belk, K. E., Scanga, J. A., Yemm, R. S., Sofos, J. N., et al. (2006). Detection of central nervous system tissue on meat and carcass-splitting band saw blade surfaces using modified fluorescent glial fibrillary acidic protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay sampling and extraction procedures. Journal of Food Protection, 69, 1966–1970.
Rencova, E. (2005). Comparison of commercially available antibodies for the detection of central nervous system tissue in meat products by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Journal of Food Protection, 68, 630–632.
Salman, M. D., Jemmi, T., Triantis, J., & Dewell, R. D. (2005). Assessment and modification of a western blot assay for detection of central nervous system tissue in meat products in the United States. Journal of Food Protection, 68, 1706–1711.
Schlottermüller, B., & Lücker, E. (2002). ZNS-Nachweis in Fleischerzeugnissen: Untersuchungen zur Spezifität. Proceedings 42. Arbeitstagung DVG “Lebensmittelhygiene” 2001 (pp. 630–635). Garmisch-Partenkirchen.
Schmidt, G. R., Hossner, K. L., Yemm, R. S., Gould, D. H., & O'Callaghan, J. P. (1999). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for glial fibrillary acidic protein as an indicator of the presence of brain or spinal cord in meat. Journal of Food Protection, 62, 394–397.
Schmidt, G. R., Yemm, R. S., Childs, K. D., O'Callaghan, J. P., & Hossner, K. L. (2001). The detection of central nervous system tissue on beef carcasses and in comminuted beef. Journal of Food Protection, 64, 2047–2052.
Schmidt, G. R., Yemm, R. S., Childs, K. D., O'Callaghan, J. P., & Hossner, K. L. (2002). Verification of different glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) analyses as accurate detectors of central nervous system tissue in advanced meat recovery (AMR) products. Meat Science, 62, 79–84.
Schönenbrücher, H., Abdulmawjood, A., Göbel, K. A., & Bülte, M. (2007). Detection of central nervous system tissues in meat products: Validation and standardization of a real-time PCR-based detection system. Veterinary Microbiology, 123, 336–345.
Schurr, B., Lücker, E., & Troeger, K. (2004). Untersuchungen zur analytischen Qualität der Erfassung von ZNS_Kontaminationen im Schlachtprozess. Proceedings, 44. Arbeitstagung DVG “Lebensmittelhygiene” 2003 (pp. 572–577). Garmisch-Partenkirchen, DVG Service GmbH, Gießen, ISBN 3-936815-85-2.
Seyboldt, C., John, A., v. Müffling, T., Nowak, B., & Wenzel, S. (2003). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay for species-specific detection of bovine central nervous system tissue in meat and meat products. RT-PCR. Journal of Food Protection, 66, 644–651.
SSC. (1999). Opinion of the Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) on the human exposure risk (HER) via food with respect to BSE – Adopted on 10.12.99, available at: http://europa.eu.int/comm/dg24/health/sc/ssc/out67_en.html
Tersteeg, M. H. G., Koolmees, P. A., & van Knapen, F. (2002). Immunohistochemical detection of brain tissue in heated meat products. Meat Science, 61, 67–72.
UK. (1989). The Bovine Offal (Prohibition) Regulations 1989. United Kingdom SI-1989; No 2061.
USDA. (2003). United States Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Office of Public Health and Science, Athens, USA. Detection of central nervous system tissue and dorsal root ganglia in beef and central nervous system tissue in pork comminuted products by histological examination of hematoxylin and eosin stained slides and glial fibrillary acid protein immunohistochemistry. SOP PLG 0001.01. Available at: www.fsis.usda.gov/ophs/plg/plg0001-01.pdf
Villmann, C., Sandmeier, B., Seeber, S., Hannappel, E., Pischetsrieder, M., & Becker, C. M. (2007). Myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) as a marker antigen of central nervous system contaminations for routine food control. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55, 7114–7123.
Wenisch, S., Lücker, E., Eigenbrodt, E., Leiser, R., & Bülte, M. (1999). Detection of central nervous tissue in meat products – An immunohistological approach. Nutrition Research, 19, 1165–1172.
Weyandt, R. G. (2001). Detection of BSE-risk materials. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 371, 574–575.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lücker, E. (2009). Methodologies for the Detection of BSE Risk Material in Meat and Meat Products. In: Toldrá, F. (eds) Safety of Meat and Processed Meat. Food Microbiology and Food Safety. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89026-5_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89026-5_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-89025-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-89026-5
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)